Ulyanovsk
 Ulyanovsk | |||||
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| Ульяновск (ru) | |||||
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| Suna saboda | Vladimir Lenin | ||||
| Wuri | |||||
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| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Rasha | ||||
Oblast of Russia (en)  | Ulyanovsk Oblast (en) | ||||
| Babban birnin |
Ulyanovsk Oblast (en) (1943–)Ulyanovsk Urban Okrug (en) (2004–)Simbirsk Governorate (en) (1796 (Julian)–1928)Simbirsk Viceroyalty (en) (1780 (Julian)–1796 (Julian))
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| Yawan mutane | |||||
| Faɗi | 613,334 (2023) | ||||
| • Yawan mutane | 1,935.42 mazaunan/km² | ||||
| Labarin ƙasa | |||||
| Yawan fili | 316.9 km² | ||||
| Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku |
Volga (en) da Sviyaga (en) | ||||
| Altitude (en) | 150 m | ||||
| Bayanan tarihi | |||||
| Ƙirƙira | 1648 | ||||
| Tsarin Siyasa | |||||
| • Gwamna |
Q111016890 (15 ga Yuni, 2021) | ||||
| Bayanan Tuntuɓa | |||||
| Lambar aika saƙo | 432000–432999 | ||||
| Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci | |||||
| Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho | 8422 | ||||
| OKTMO ID (en) | 73701000001 | ||||
| OKATO ID (en) | 73401000000 | ||||
| Wasu abun | |||||
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| Yanar gizo | ulmeria.ru | ||||
Ulyanovsk ( Rashanci : Улья́новск), a da ana kiran shi da Simbirsk (Симби́рск), birni ne, da ke a yankin Kogin Volga, a ƙasar Rasha . An kafa shi a shekara ta 1648. Ulyanovsk yana da yawan mutane 638,300 a cikin 2005 . Ita ce cibiyar gudanarwa ta Ulyanovsk Oblast . A cikin 1924, an sake rada wa garin suna Ulyanovsk bayan Vladimir Ulyanov, wanda aka fi sani da Lenin, wanda aka haifa a can.[1]
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Simbirsk aka kafa a 1648 da boyar Bogdan Khitrovo . [2] Kagara na "Simbirsk" (a madadin "Sinbirsk") da dabara aka sanya a kan wani tudu a yammacin gabar kogin Volga . Wannan katangar dai an yi ta ne domin kare yankin Gabashin Tsardom na Rasha daga kabilun makiyaya da kuma kafa daular sarauta ta dindindin a yankin.
A shekara ta 1668, Simbirsk ya yi tsayin daka na tsawon wata guda da sojoji 20,000 karkashin jagorancin kwamandan 'yan tawayen Cossack Stenka Razin . Haka kuma a Simbirsk wani dan tawayen kasar Yemelyan Pugachev, an daure shi a kurkuku kafin a kashe shi. A lokacin Simbirsk ya mallaki kremlin na katako, wanda gobara ta lalata a cikin karni na 18.
Yayin da aka tura iyakar gabashin daular Rasha cikin sauri zuwa Siberiya, Simbirsk ya yi sauri ya rasa mahimmancin dabarunsa, amma duk da haka ya fara ci gaba da zama muhimmiyar cibiyar yanki. Simbirsk aka ba da matsayin birni a 1796.
an dauki Simbirsk a matsayin birni na musamman wanda sarakunan suka fi so, kuma ban da majami'u da Wurin Gwamna, sun haɗa da Majalisar Maɗaukaki, tare da babban ɗakin karatu. [3] An gina Cathedral na Triniti Mai Tsarki a cikin salon Neoclassical mai karewa tsakanin 1827 zuwa 1841. A lokacin rani na 1864, a cikin abin da aka yi imani da harin wuta, Simbirsk ya fi lalata da wuta. Duk da haka, an sake gina shi da sauri kuma ya ci gaba da girma. Yawanta, wanda ya kasance 26,000 a cikin 1856, ya kai 43,000 zuwa 1897.
A 1924, birnin da aka sake masa suna Ulyanovsk don girmama Vladimir Ulyanov, wanda aka fi sani da Lenin, wanda aka haife shi a Simbirsk a 1870. Wasu shugabannin siyasar Rasha guda biyu, Alexander Kerensky da Alexander Protopopov, kuma an haife su a Simbirsk.
Ginin tashar wutar lantarki ta Kuybyshev (wanda aka kammala a 1957) 200 kilometres (120 mi) daga ƙarƙashin Ulyanovsk ya haifar da ambaliya na manyan filayen ƙasa duka arewa da kudu na Ulyanovsk da haɓaka nisa na Volga har zuwa 35 kilometres (22 mi) a wasu wurare. Har wa yau, wasu unguwannin Ulyanovsk da ke da yawan jama'a sun kasance a ƙasa da matakin tafki, ana kiyaye su daga ambaliya ta hanyar dam: an kiyasta cewa rashin nasararsa zai mamaye sassan birnin wanda ya ƙunshi kusan kashi 5% na jimlar yawan jama'arta da yawa kamar yadda yake. 10 metres (33 ft) ruwa.
A lokacin zamanin Soviet, Ulyanovsk ya kasance muhimmiyar cibiyar yawon shakatawa, ta jawo baƙi daga ko'ina cikin ƙasar saboda muhimmancin juyin juya hali
Siyasa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Birnin yana karkashin shugaban karamar hukuma wanda shi ne bangaren zartarwa, da kuma majalisar birni wadda ita ce reshen majalisa. Wa'adin shugaban karamar hukuma shekaru biyar ne. A shekara ta 2010 majalisar birnin ta soke zaben shugaban karamar hukuma kai tsaye, inda ta maye gurbinsa da manajan birni, wanda majalisar ta nada. Sa'an nan kuma, a watan Afrilun 2013 an yi wa kundin tsarin mulki kwaskwarima don sake gabatar da zaben magajin gari kai tsaye. [4]
Matsayin gudanarwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ulyanovsk yana aiki a matsayin cibiyar gudanarwa na oblast . A cikin tsarin sassan gudanarwa, an haɗa shi tare da ƙauyuka talatin a matsayin birni mai mahimmanci na Ulyanovsk - yanki na gudanarwa tare da matsayi daidai da na gundumomi . [5] A matsayin yanki na birni, an haɗa birnin Ulyanovsk mai mahimmanci a matsayin Ulyanovsk Urban Okrug . [6]
A shekara ta 2008, an yi rajistar haihuwa 6,774 da mutuwar 8,054 a Ulyanovsk. [7]
Haɗin kabilanci[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yanayi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ulyanovsk tana da yanayio na nahiyar ( Köppen rarrabuwar yanayi Dfb ). Matsakaicin zafin jiki shine −10.2 °C (13.6 °F) a watan Fabrairu da 20.6 °C (69.1 °F) a watan Yuli. Faɗuwa gabaɗaya tana da dumi, tare da dusar ƙanƙara ta fara taruwa a tsakiyar Nuwamba. Lokacin sanyi yakan yi sanyi amma tare da matsakaicin adadin dusar ƙanƙara da raguwar dare lokaci-lokaci yana nutsewa ƙasa −25 °C (−13 °F) . Yanayin bazara yana zuwa tsakiyar watan Mayu. Matsakaicin hazo kusan 480 millimetres (19 in) . Garin yana fuskantar fari akai-akai, amma matsakaici. Lokacin bazara da lokacin rani suna da rana, amma faɗuwa da lokacin sanyi yawanci gizagizai ne. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara shine +5.1 °C (41.2 °F) .
| Climate data for Ulyanovsk (1991–2020, extremes 1948–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Watan | Janairu | Fabrairu | Maris | Afrilu | Mayu | Yuni | Yuli | Ogusta | Satumba | Oktoba | Nuwamba | Disamba | Shekara |
| Record high °C (°F) | 5.6 (42.1) |
5.6 (42.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
30.0 (86.0) |
36.2 (97.2) |
37.5 (99.5) |
38.9 (102.0) |
39.3 (102.7) |
33.9 (93.0) |
26.0 (78.8) |
15.8 (60.4) |
7.8 (46.0) |
39.3 (102.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −6.5 (20.3) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
0.8 (33.4) |
12.1 (53.8) |
21.0 (69.8) |
24.8 (76.6) |
26.9 (80.4) |
25.1 (77.2) |
18.3 (64.9) |
9.9 (49.8) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
10.2 (50.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.8 (14.4) |
−10.2 (13.6) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
6.1 (43.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
20.6 (69.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
12.5 (54.5) |
5.6 (42.1) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
5.2 (41.4) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −13.1 (8.4) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
0.9 (33.6) |
7.8 (46.0) |
12.2 (54.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
12.4 (54.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
1.9 (35.4) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
0.6 (33.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −38.0 (−36.4) |
−40.0 (−40.0) |
−32.8 (−27.0) |
−20.0 (−4.0) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−18.9 (−2.0) |
−29.2 (−20.6) |
−38.0 (−36.4) |
−40.0 (−40.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 35 (1.4) |
25 (1.0) |
27 (1.1) |
30 (1.2) |
44 (1.7) |
57 (2.2) |
50 (2.0) |
50 (2.0) |
45 (1.8) |
39 (1.5) |
32 (1.3) |
31 (1.2) |
465 (18.3) |
| Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) | 27 (11) |
41 (16) |
38 (15) |
6 (2.4) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
3 (1.2) |
15 (5.9) |
41 (16) |
| Average rainy days | 4 | 3 | 5 | 11 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 10 | 5 | 130 |
| Average snowy days | 23 | 20 | 14 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 5 | 16 | 21 | 104 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83 | 81 | 79 | 67 | 59 | 67 | 68 | 70 | 73 | 79 | 84 | 84 | 75 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 43.4 | 92.4 | 142.6 | 216.0 | 275.9 | 300.0 | 319.3 | 275.9 | 174.0 | 102.3 | 48.0 | 37.2 | 2,027 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[8] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Climatebase (sun only)[9] | |||||||||||||
Hotuna[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
-
Ulyanovsk Oliv -
Memorial Museum na Lenin,Ulyanovsk -
Duba zuwa arewa daga Hotel na Venets, Ulyanovsk
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ "Сегодня Дмитрий Зверев приступил к исполнению полномочий главы Ульяновска". mosaica.ru. December 1, 2022
- ↑ "Сегодня Дмитрий Зверев приступил к исполнению полномочий главы Ульяновска". mosaica.ru. December 1, 2022.
- ↑ A Russian Conflagration, Mount Alexander Mail,16 Nov 1864, p3
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service
- ↑ Law #126-ZO
- ↑ Law #043-ZO
- ↑ Law #043-ZO
- ↑ "Weather and Climate - The Climate of Ulyanovsk" (in Rashanci). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved 8 November 2021.
- ↑ "Ulyanovsk, Russia Climate Normals". Climatebase. Retrieved December 10, 2015.