Yakin Gurin
| ||||
| Iri | faɗa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bangare na |
Kamerun campaign (en)  | |||
| Kwanan watan | 29 ga Afirilu, 1915 | |||
| Participant (en) | ||||
Yaƙin Gurin ya faru ne ranar 29 ga watan Afrilun 1915 a lokacin yaƙin Kamerun na Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya a Gurin, Najeriyar Burtaniya kusa da kan iyaka da Jamus Kamerun. Yaƙin ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma na yaƙin da Jamus ta yi a cikin turawan Ingila. Ya ƙare a cikin nasara da Birtaniyya ta fatattaki sojojin Jamus.
Wai-wa-ye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A watan Afrilun 1915, sojojin Birtaniya sun fi mayar da hankali a kudanci da tsakiyar Kamerun, wanda ya bar yawancin iyakar Najeriya da Jamusanci ba tare da kariya ba. Bayan gazawar da aka yi wa babban sansanin Jamus a arewa maso yammacin Kamerun a yakin farko na Garua a watan Agustan 1914, sojojin Jamus a yankin sun sami 'yancin yin tafiya. Hakan ya baiwa Kyaftin von Crailsheim, kwamandan Jamus a Garua damar kai hare-hare da dama a Najeriyar da Burtaniya ke iko akai. A ƙarshen watan Afrilu, wata rundunar da von Crailsheim ke jagoranta, ta haɗa kai da wani ƙaramin Kyaftin Schipper ya umurci su kai farmaki a ƙauyen Gurin da ke cikin iyakar Najeriya.[1]
Ƙauyen Gurin, ya sami kariya daga wani katafaren da'ira ɗaya da wani sansanin mutane 42 da suka ƙunshi galibin 'yan sanda ƙarƙashin jagorancin Captain Derek Pawle.[2][1]
Yaƙi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Da gari ya waye a ranar 29 ga Afrilun 1915, sojojin Jamus sun kewaye katangar da ke a ƙauyen Gurin. A farkon yaƙin, an kashe kwamandan Birtaniya Captain Pawle a cikin aikin, ya bar Laftanar Joseph FJ Fitzpatrick ya jagoranci tsaron sansanin. Jamusawan sun kawo bindigogi guda biyar, waɗanda suka lalata garkuwar da aka yi a katangar.[1] Duk da fifikon karfin ma'aikata da makamai, Jamusawan ba su yi nasarar kame katanga a ƙauyen Gurin ba. Da tsakar rana, bayan shafe sa'o'i bakwai ana gwabza faɗa, von Crailsheim da dakarunsa sun janye daga ƙauyen Gurin.[3] Baturen sun yi asarar maza 13 [1] ko kusan kashi 30% [4] na ƙarfinsu a wurin yaƙin. Rundunar ta Jamus ta yi asarar sojojin Afirka 40 da na Turai 5. [4]
Bayan haka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayan yaƙin, Kyaftin Schipper ya ɗauki sojojin Jamus da suka ji rauni a kudu yayin da von Crailsheim ya jagoranci sauran zuwa Garua. Sojojin Birtaniyya sun yi yunƙurin kame ƙungiyoyin Jamus da suka dawo amma sun kasa. An gaza samun haɗin kai ga Jamusawa amma von Crailsheim ya yi nasara wajen haifar da mummunan rauni a kan ƙarfin iko a 'Garin' kuma ya ba da mamaki ga jagorancin sojojin Burtaniya ta hanyar shiga kan iyaka. [1]
Matakin da ya faru a ƙauyen Gurin ya sanya kwamandan rundunar hadin gwiwa a yammacin Kamerun, Kanar Cunliffe, ya nuna rashin jin dadinsa game da 'yancin walwala da sojojin Jamus da ke Garua ke da shi. [5] Rundunar sojojin da ke wurin ba ta yi muni sosai ba tun lokacin yakin farko na Garua a watan Agustan 1914. Yaƙin da aka yi a kauyen Garin ya sake assasa wani yunƙurin Birtaniya da Faransa na ƙarshe don ɗaukar sansanin Jamus a Garua. Daga karshe dai wannan rikici ya haifar da nasarar kare ƙauyen Gurin da yakin Garua na biyu.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Bayanan kula
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Baxter, Peter. The Fight at Gurin, The Cameroon Campaign 29 April 1915. Peter Baxter Africa RSS, 25 Feb. 2011. Web. 28 Dec. 2012.
- Hogan, Edmund M. Berengario Cermenati among the Igbirra (Ebira) of Nigeria: A Study in Colonial, Missionary and Local Politics, 1897-1925.Ibadan, Nigeria: HEBN, 2011.
- Bryce, James B., Holland Thomson, and William M.F. Petrie. The Book of History: The Causes of the War. The Events of 1914-1915. Vol. 16: Grolier Society, 1920.
- Wood, Leonard, Austin M. Knight, Frederick Palmer, Frank H. Simonds, and Arthur B. Ruhl. The Story of the Great War: With Complete Historical Record of Events to Date. Ed. Francis J. Reynolds, Allen L. Churchill, and Francis T. Miller. Vol. 6: P.F. Collier & Sons, 1916.