Zane-zane na gani
 Zane-zane na gani | |
|---|---|
type of arts (en)  , academic major (en) , academic discipline (en) , art genre (en) , economic sector (en) da field of work (en) | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | fasaha |
| Bangare na |
visual culture (en) |
| Suna a Kana | ビジュアルアート |
| Product or material produced (en) |
visual artwork (en) |
| Hashtag (mul) | visualarts |
| Has characteristic (en) |
genre of painting (en) |
| Gudanarwan |
mai zane-zane da fictional visual artist (en) |
Zane-zane na gani, sune nau'ikan fasaha kamar zanen, zane, yin bugu, sassaka, yumbu, daukar hoto, bidiyo,shirya fim, ƙira, sana'a da gine-gine. Yawancin nau'o'in fasaha kamar wasan kwaikwayo, fasaha na ra'ayi, da zane-zanen yadi kuma sun haɗa da fasahohin fasahar gani da fasaha na wasu nau'ikan. Har ila yau, an haɗa su a cikin zane-zane na gani[1] akwai zane-zane da aka yi amfani da su kamar ƙirar masana'antu,[2] zane mai hoto, ƙirar salon, ƙirar ciki da kayan ado.[3]
Yin amfani da kalmar "zane-zane na gani" na yanzu ya haɗa da fasaha mai kyau da kuma zane-zane ko kayan ado da fasaha, amma wannan ba koyaushe haka yake ba. Kafin Ƙwararren Ƙarni na 20, Kalmar 'Mawallafin' ta kasance a cikin wasu ƙarni sau da yawa ana iyakance ga mutumin da ke aiki a cikin zane-zane (kamar zane, sassaka, ko bugawa) kuma ba fasahar kayan ado, sana'a, ko kafofin watsa labarai na fasahar gani da ake amfani da su. Masu fasaha na Ƙungiyoyin Sana'a da Sana'a sun jaddada bambance-bambancen, waɗanda suka daraja siffofin zane-zane na harshe kamar manyan siffofi. Makarantun zane-zane sun bambanta tsakanin fasaha mai kyau da fasaha, suna kiyaye cewa mai sana'a ba za a iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai sana'ar fasaha.
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Haɓakawa na fifita salon zanen, kuma zuwa ƙaramin mataki, na fasaha ko salo fiye da wani ya kasance siffa ta masu fasaha a tsawon shekaru. A lokuta da dama ana ganin zanen ya dogara ga mafi girman tunanin mai zane, kuma mafi nisa daga aikin hannu-a zanen Sinanci salon da aka fi kima da shi shi ne na "zane-zane" a kalla a ka'idar da aka yi. by gentleman amateurs. Sarakunan Yammacin Turai na nau'ikan sun nuna halaye iri ɗaya.
Ilimi da horo
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Horowa a fasahar gani gabaɗaya ya kasance ta hanyar bambance-bambancen tsarin koyo da tsarin bita. A Turai yunkurin Renaissance na kara martabar mai zane ya haifar da tsarin makarantar horar da masu fasaha, kuma a yau yawancin mutanen da ke neman aikin fasaha suna horar da su a makarantun fasaha a matakin manyan makarantu. Fasahar gani yanzu ta zama zaɓaɓɓen batu a yawancin tsarin ilimi. [4]
Ilimi da horarwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ilimi da horar da fasahar gani sun canza a tsawon lokaci, tare da hanyoyin da ake bi sun bambanta a cikin mahallin duniya da al'adu. A tarihi, horo a fannin fasahar gani ya fara ne a matsayin bambance-bambancen tsarin koyon aiki da bita, yawanci yana ɗaukar tsawon shekaru 2 zuwa 6.: 6
Juyin ilimin fasaha a tsawon lokaci ya bi hanyoyi daban-daban na yanki. A cikin ƙasashe da yawa na Turai da Arewacin Amurka, makarantun fasaha na yau da kullun sun girma zuwa jami'o'i da cibiyoyi. Sakamakon tasirin masana'antu, mayar da hankalinsu ya koma ga fifita fasahar da aka yi amfani da ita fiye da fasahar zane . Sabanin haka, ƙasashe da dama na Afirka da ke kudu da hamadar Sahara sun ga an cire fifikon ilimin fasaha ko cire shi daga manhajojin farko don fifita fannoni na sana'a ko STEM. [5] Manhajojin karatu sun kasance suna bin fifikon gwamnati ko manyan mutane a yankunan Asiya, kodayake ƙasashe kamar Singapore sun sabunta hanyarsu ta hanyar mai da hankali kan albarkatu zuwa fasahar gani ta dijital a matsayin babban ɓangaren tattalin arzikin ƙirƙira . A Gabas ta Tsakiya, ilimin zamani ya koma daga samfuran Turai na ƙarni na 19 zuwa mai da hankali kan yawon buɗe ido da kiyaye kayan tarihi na al'adu.
Rikicin siyasa, tattalin arziki, da zamantakewa na ci gaba da haifar da abin da aka yarda da shi a matsayin ilimin fasaha a makarantu a yankuna da dama. Misali, tsarin ilimi da aka takaita a ƙarƙashin mulkin mallaka a ƙasashe da dama na Latin Amurka sun koma ga mai da hankali kan fasahar zamani don haɓaka asalin ƙasa. Ilimin fasaha na Mexico yana nuna tarihin tashin hankali na koyarwa, yayin da tsarin ya nemi daidaita al'adun fasaha na asali da tsarin ilimi na Yamma, wanda galibi ke haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna a fannin ilimi.
Gidajen tarihi, gidajen tarihi na fasaha, da sauran cibiyoyin al'adu suna aiki a matsayin kayan aikin koyar da fasaha na yau da kullun. Ta hanyar tarin bayanai da shirye-shiryen jama'a, waɗannan cibiyoyin suna ba da yanayin tarihi da kuma bayyanar da kyau wanda ke dacewa ko maye gurbin manhajojin ilimi na yau da kullun.
- ↑ An About.com article by art expert, Shelley Esaak: What Is Visual Art? Archived 2 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Centre for Arts and Design in Toronto, Canada". Georgebrown.ca. 15 February 2011. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
- ↑ Different Forms of Art – Applied Art Archived 23 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Buzzle.com. Retrieved 11 December 2010.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Ulger, Kani (March 2016). "The creative training in the visual arts education". Thinking Skills and Creativity. 19: 73–87. doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2015.10.007.