Addinin Dinka

Addinin Dinka na nufin addinin gargajiya na mutanen Dinka (wanda kuma aka fi sani da mutanen Muonyjang), ƙabilar Kudancin Sudan.

Kirkira

Maɗaukaki, ubangij mahalicci, Nhialic, shine allahn sama da ruwan sama, kuma shine mai mulkin dukkan ruhohi.^[1] An yi imani da cewa yana nan a cikin dukkan halitta, kuma yana iya sarrafa ƙaddarar kowane mutum, tsire-tsire da dabba a Duniya. Nhialic kuma ana kiranta Jaak, Juong ko Dyokin ta wasu ƙungiyoyin Nilotic kamar Nuer da Shilluk. Nhialac ya kirkiro tsohon nihilo kuma da wuya ya shafi kansa da al'amuran mutane.^[2]

Akwai nau'ikan daban daban na tatsuniyoyin halittar Dinka wanda yafi damuwa da halittar mutane. Mutane na farko sune Garang da Abuk. A wasu lokuta Nhialac ya halicci mutane ta hanyar hura su daga hanci, wasu asusun kuma sun ce mutane sun samo asali ne daga sama kuma an sanya su a cikin kogin inda suka zo a matsayin manya.^[2] Wasu labaran sun ce an tsara mutane ne kamar siffofin yumɓu kuma aka sa su girma cikin tukwane. Garang da Abuk an yi su ne da yumbu na Sudan.^[3]

Nhialac ya fada musu cewa su yawaita kuma yaransu zasu mutu amma zasu dawo da rai cikin kwanaki 15. Garang ya yi zanga-zangar cewa idan ba wanda ya mutu har abada to ba za a sami isasshen abinci ba. Nhialac sannan ya kuma gabatar da mutuwa ta dindindin. Nhialac ya umurce su da kawai shuka iri guda na hatsi a rana ko ba su hatsi ɗaya su ci a rana. Kasancewa cikin yunwa kullun Abuk ya sanya manna tare da hatsi don abinci ya daɗe.^[3]^[3] Koyaya, lokacin da Abuk yayi rashin biyayya kuma ya ƙara shuka Nhialac ya yanke igiyar da ta haɗa Sama da Duniya.

Majami'u

'Yan addinin Dinka suna da gumakan alloli.

Dengdit ko Deng, shine allahn sama mai ruwan sama da na haihuwa, wanda Nhialic ya ba shi iko.^[4] Mahaifiyar Deng ita ce Abuk, allahn da ke bautar lambu da duk mata, wanda maciji ya wakilta.^[5] Garang, wani allah ne, wanda wasu 'yan Dinka suka yarda da shi a matsayin allahn da Deng ya danne wanda ruhinsa na iya sa yawancin matan Dinka, da wasu maza, su yi kururuwa. Kalmar "Jok" tana nufin ƙungiyar ruhohin kakanni.

Kiran sallah

Mabiyeya addinin Dinka na fara gabatar da addu'o'insu ga Fiyayyen Halitta Nhialic sannan kuma suna kiran wasu alloli.

'Yan addinin Dinka suna yin addu'o'in samun karamin yanayi.^[6] Sun kuma yi addu'ar neman albarkan noma mai kyau, kariya daga sharrin mutane, murmurewar shanu daga rashin lafiya, da kyakkyawar farauta.^[6]

Ana miƙa hadayar sa ko bijimi ga abun bauta Nhialic. Dinka suna yin sadaukarwa tare da sallah. Masu kiran suna kiran dukkan alloli-allahntaka, allahntaka masu kyauta da ruhohin magabata kuma a wasu lokuta Nhialic. Wadanda suke Sallah suna rike da mashin kifi a hannunsu. Ana rera gajerun maganganu masu bayyana buƙata yayin da ake matsa mashi akan dabbar da za'a yanka. Mahalarta suna maimaita kalaman shugaba. A lokacin rikici ko wani muhimmin lokaci Dinka zai ci gaba da yin addu’a da sadaukarwa na dogon lokaci.

Matakan addu'oin hadaya.^[6]

1. Jagoran zai fara bayyana matsalolin da mutane suke fuskanta.

2. Jagora da duk waɗanda suka halarta sunyi nadama zunuban da suka gabata.

3. Ana miƙa waƙoƙin yabo ko waƙoƙin sa.

4. Fitar da rashin sa'a da ga dabbar layya.

Dabba

Mabiya addinin Dinka masu rayarwa ne. Dinka sun gaji cikakkiyar nasara daga iyayensu duka. Ana sa ran masu aminci su ba da gudummawa ga ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfinsu kuma su kula da kyakkyawar dangantaka tare da membobinsu. Cin ko cutar da dabbar ku gabaɗaya mummunan hali ne ga waɗanda suka raba jimlar. An yi imanin cewa wasu abubuwa suna ba da iko. Mujiya jimla, misali, ana gaskata shi yana ba da ikon azurtawa. Totems ba dabbobi ba ne na musamman, kodayake mafi yawansu; wasu Dinka suna da cikakkiyar ƙarfe ko ƙarfe.

A cikin yarukan Dinka, akwai wan abin da ake kira kuar. Dinka ba sa bauta wa jimillar su amma suna magana ne game da "dangantaka" da su. Batun alaƙar maciji an bayyana a ƙasa.

Macizai

Wasu daga cikin yan kabilar Dinka suna girmama masu kara puff na Afirka. Macizan da ake girmamawa sosai sune Atemyath, Biar keroor, da Maluang. Waɗannan macizai ana ba da sadaka na narkar da cuku da aka yi a gida don faranta musu rai, bayan an sake su a cikin daji. Kashe macizai mummunan imani ne ga al'umma ko kuma mutum, tare da zaton cewa ruhohi na iya bugun wanda ya yi kisan.

Biblio

(in English) Lienhardt, Godfrey, "Divinity and Experience: The Religion of the Dinka", Oxford University Press (1988), [1] (Retrieved : 9 June 2012)
(in English) Evens, T. M. S., "Anthropology As Ethics: Nondualism and the Conduct of Sacrifice", Berghahn Books (2009), [2]
(in English)

Hanyoyin haɗin waje

0-19-823405-8
Laburaren Majalisa: Nazarin Kasa: Sudan
(in English) Maraice, TMS, "Anthropology As xa'a: dua'idar Ba da dua'ida da Halayyar Hadaya", Litattafan Berghahn (2009), [3]

Manazarta

↑ Lienhardt, p 29
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Leeming, David (December 18, 2009). Creation Myths of the World: An Encyclopedia, Volume 1(2nd ed.). ABC-CLIO. pp. 95–96. ISBN 978-1598841749.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Asante, Molefi; Mazama, Ama, eds. (November 26, 2008). Encyclopedia of African Religion. 1(1st ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-1412936361.
↑ Lienhardt, p 104
↑ Lienhardt, p 90
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 George, Vensus (June 15, 2008). Paths to the Divine: Ancient and Indian. Council for Research in Values & Philosophy. ISBN 978-1565182486

[p_29-1] Lienhardt, p 29

[:0-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Leeming, David (December 18, 2009). Creation Myths of the World: An Encyclopedia, Volume 1(2nd ed.). ABC-CLIO. pp. 95–96. ISBN 978-1598841749.

[:1-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Asante, Molefi; Mazama, Ama, eds. (November 26, 2008). Encyclopedia of African Religion. 1(1st ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-1412936361.

[4] Lienhardt, p 104

[5] Lienhardt, p 90

[:2-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 George, Vensus (June 15, 2008). Paths to the Divine: Ancient and Indian. Council for Research in Values & Philosophy. ISBN 978-1565182486

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]