Alan Vaughan-Richard
 Alan Vaughan-Richard | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Maidenhead (mul)  , 1925 |
| ƙasa | Najeriya |
| Mutuwa | Landan, 1989 |
| Karatu | |
| Makaranta |
University of Westminster (en) Architectural Association School of Architecture (en) |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a | Masanin gine-gine da zane |
Alan Vaughan-Richards (1925-1989) wani masanin gine-ginen Birtaniya ne na Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a masana'antar gine-ginen Najeriya bayan mulkin mallaka.Ya sa masu zane-zanen gine-ginen kan yuwuwar tasirin nau'ikan Afirka a cikin zanen gine-gine ta hanyar buga mujalla na Gine-gine da Gine-gine na Yammacin Afirka.[1][2][3][4][5]
Vaughan-Richards ya haɗa ayyukan mawaƙan Najeriya a yawancin ayyukansa.Ya sami horon aikin gine-gine na zamani a Ingila,sannan ya karanci amfani da al'adu na gine-gine a Najeriya,kuma da yawa daga cikin kwamitocinsa sun kasance masu hada karfi da karfe.[6][7][8][9][10]
Ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Vaughan-Richards ya yi karatu a London Polytechnic (yanzu Jami'ar Westminster ) inda ya sami digiri a fannin gine-gine a 1950.Ya kuma yi rajista don sabon kwas da aka kirkira akan Architecture na Tropical[11]a Architectural Association,London a 1956.
Sana'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Vaughan-Richards ya fara aikinsa a cikin 1950s yana aiki tare da Hukumar Ci gaban Architect a Irakikuma daga baya Haɗin gwiwar Gine-gine a London.Kamfanin ya tsunduma cikin zayyana wani sabon otal na Bristol da aka sake ginawa da gidaje na kamfanonin mai da iskar gas a Legas.A yayin gudanar da aikin,Vaughan-Richards ya shiga cikin zane na farko kuma a matsayinsa na mai kula da wuraren ya ziyarci Najeriya yayin rangadin ayyukan.[6]Lokacin da Architect Co-Partnership ya fice daga Najeriya,Vaughan-Richards ya zauna a kasar kuma ya zama dan Najeriya.Gidansa da ke Ikoyi kusa da tafkin Legas wanda fom a ƙauyen Hausa suka rinjayi shi kuma aka tsara shi a matsayin ofishinsa.Yawancin kwamitocinsa sun haɗa da gidaje masu zaman kansu da wurin zama na ma'aikata na Jami'ar Legas.Ya sami karɓuwa a tsakanin abokan cinikin sa na sirri tare da ƙirar sa na karimci na raba ko wuraren jama'a da kuma manyan hanyoyin shiga cikin kwamitocins.[6]
Mawallafin marubuci Ba’amurke Elaine Neil Orr ya bayyana salon gine-ginen Vaughan-Richards,inda ya rubuta cewa “ya kasance yana amfani da geometries mai curvilinear a cikin ƙirarsa,wani lokaci a matsayin ado amma galibi a matsayin abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da bango da ɗakuna.Zane-zane na yau da kullun shine babban jigon sa,tun da farko daga shinge da zanen rufin.,sannan daga aikin katako".[12]
Vaughan-Richards shi ne ya kafa tare da gyara ginin West African Builder da Architect don samar da bayanai game da gine-gine a Afirka sannan kuma ya rubuta Ginin Legas tare da Kunle Akinsemoyinwani littafi da ke nuna ci gaban Legas. [6]
Vaughan-Richards ya hade da Felix Ibru na Roye Ibru da Co.Ya kasance mai kula da sashen gine-gine na jami'ar Legas inda kwamitocinsa suka hada da Jaja Hall,Jami'ar Legas, babban tsari na Jami'ar Legas; zane-zane na zamani tare da nau'ikan wurare masu zafi da yammacin Afirka kamar gidan Olaoluwakitan da gidan Alan Vaughan-Richards.[13]Yawancin ayyukansa sun yi watsi da su ko kuma ba su da kyau.[6]
A cikin 1980s, ya shiga cikin rubuta jerin kayayyaki na gidajen Brazil a Legas don amfani da ƙungiyar kiyayewa.A cikin shekarun 1950,sabbin ayyukan gine-gine da aka tsara daga tsarin gine-gine na zamani na Turai tare da la'akari da yanayin Najeriya wanda Maxwell Fry ya jagoranta da kuma London da aka horar da masu gine-ginen Najeriya sun fara fitowa a matsayin babban salon a Legas.[13][11]Vaughan-Richards yana cikin masu ginin zamani,amma yana son ƙarin bincike tare da ɗaukar nau'ikan Afirka da ake da su,fasahar Afirka da amfani da kayan kamar katako.[11]Ya kasance mai ba da shawara na haɗa nau'ikan al'adun Afirka da salon rayuwa a cikin gine-ginen Najeriya na zamani,tashi daga salon al'adun gargajiya da ke fitowa a cikin 1950s wanda galibi ya haɗa da daidaitawa ga yanayin yanayi a Afirka.[14]Gidansa na sirri da aka gina a shekarun 1960 gwaji ne na sifofin gine-ginen gargajiya na Yammacin Afirka tare da ka'idodin gine-gine na zamani kamar amfani da na'urorin geometries na curvi-linear da madauwari.Sauran ayyuka irin su Gidan Ola-oluwakitan sun yi fice don la'akari da yadda aka ba da siffofin Afirka[13]da asali,kuma daga baya sun zama abin koyi ga sauran gidaje masu zaman kansu.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Service, James Brooke, New York Times News. "BRAZILIAN HOUSES IN NIGERIA ARE A LEGACY OF THOUSANDS OF FREED". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ↑ Okoye, Ikem (1993). "Good news for modern man?: architecture as evangelical mission in southern Nigeria". Passages. hdl:2027/spo.4761530.0006.009.
- ↑ le Roux, Hannah (2003). "The networks of tropical architecture". The Journal of Architecture. 8 (3): 337–354. doi:10.1080/1360236032000134835. S2CID 219639485.
- ↑ Antończyk, Katarzyna. "Architecture in Africa - a modernist African interior | ONE PHOTO SUNDAY". Archived from the original on 2019-01-24. Retrieved 2019-01-23
- ↑ Kaye, Whiteman (2013-10-21). Lagos : a cultural and historical imagination. Exeter, UK. ISBN 9781908493897. OCLC 868916695.
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<ref>tag; name "roux" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ Alan Vaughan-Richards African Modernism Archive". Edinburgh College of Art satellite sites. August 6, 2012. Archived from the original on June 26, 2023. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
- ↑ Elaine Neil Orr, Swimming Between Worlds (2018), p. 170
- ↑ Uduku (2006-09-01). "Modernist architecture and 'the tropical' in West Africa: The tropical architecture movement in West Africa, 1948–1970". Habitat International. 30 (3): 396–411. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2004.11.001. ISSN 0197-3975.
- ↑ Gavron, Darlene (29 May 1988). "AYO VAUGHAN-RICHARDS". Chicago Tribune. p. E3. ProQuest 282492015, 890379420
- 1 2 3 Daniel Immerwahr (2007) The politics of architecture and urbanism in postcolonial Lagos, 1960–1986, Journal of African Cultural Studies, 19:2, 165-186, DOI: 10.1080/13696810701760450
- ↑ Elaine Neil Orr, Swimming Between Worlds (2018), p. 170.
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