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Bayan gida na Zamani

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Bayan gida na Zamani
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na makewayi da street furniture (en) Fassara
Amfani Banɗaki
Wani gidan wanka mai bushewa mai narkewa kamar yadda SOIL ke tallatawa a Haiti a karkashin sunan "EkoLakay"

Wuri mai ɗaukar hoto ko mai tafi-da-gidanka (kalmomin magana: akwatin tsawa, porta-john, porta-potty ko portaloo) kowane nau'in gidan wanka ne wanda za'a iya motsawa, wasu ta mutum ɗaya, wasu ta kayan aikin inji kamar mota da katako. Yawancin nau'ikan ba sa buƙatar kowane sabis ko ababen more rayuwa, kamar magudanar ruwa, kuma suna da cikakken kansu. Ana amfani da bayan gida mai ɗaukar hoto a yanayi daban-daban, misali a cikin birane na Kasashe masu tasowa, a bukukuwa, don zango, a kan jiragen ruwa, a wuraren gini, da kuma wuraren fim da manyan tarurruka na waje inda babu wasu wurare.[1] Yawancin dakunan wanka masu ɗaukar hoto sune raka'a guda ɗaya tare da sirri wanda aka tabbatar da kulle mai sauƙi a ƙofar. Wasu dakunan wanka masu ɗaukar hoto sune ƙananan filastik ko ɗakunan filastik masu ɗaukar hoto tare da ƙofar da za a iya kullewa da kuma akwati don kama datti na mutum a cikin akwati.[2]

Ba a haɗa bayan gida mai ɗaukar hoto da rami a ƙasa (kamar gidan wanka), ko kuma tankin septic, kuma ba a haɗa shi cikin tsarin birni wanda ke haifar da masana'antar tsabtace ruwa ba. Wataƙila gidan wanka na sinadarai shine sanannen nau'in gidan wanka mai ɗaukar hoto, amma wasu nau'ikan ma sun wanzu, kamar gidan wanka da ke zubar da ruwa, gidan wanka, Gidan wanka na kwantena, gidan wanke-kwalin guga, gidan wankanin daskarewa da gidan wanka. Gidan wanka mai sauƙi shine nau'in wanka mai sauƙin ɗauka.

Nau'o'in

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Layin gidan wanka mai laushi mai laushiGidan wanka na sinadarai

Gidan wanka na sinadarai

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"If you must know, it's my thunderbox." ... He...dragged out the treasure, a brass-bound, oak cube... On the inside of the lid was a plaque bearing the embossed title Connolly's Chemical Closet.

Gidan da aka yi da filastik a waje, wanda aka saba amfani dashi don bayan gidaje masu sinadarai a wuraren gini da bukukuwa

Gidan wanka mai ɗaukar hoto

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Gidan wanka na jirgin ruwa daban-daban, gami da mafi mahimman samfurori a kasa dama

Ana iya amfani da nau'in bayan gida mai sauƙi a cikin motocin tafiye-tafiye (caravans, vans) da kuma kan ƙananan jiragen ruwa. Ana kuma kiran su "kayan wanka na kaseti" ko "kayan shanka", ko kuma a ƙarƙashin sunayen alamomi waɗanda suka zama alamun kasuwanci. The Oxford English Dictionary ya lissafa "Porta Potti" ("tare da ba da izini") a matsayin "Sunan mallaka don: gidan wanka mai ɗaukar sinadarai, kamar yadda masu sansanin ke amani da shi", kuma ya ba da mafi yawan misalai na Amurka daga 1968. OED ya ba da wannan sunan mai mallaka ma'ana ta biyu, "ƙaramin rukunin da aka riga aka ƙera wanda ke dauke da bayan gida, wanda aka tsara don sauƙin sufuri da shigarwa na wucin gadi a waje", wanda Wikipedia ke rufewa a ƙarƙashin bayan gida.[3] [4] Sauran sunan da aka saba amfani da shi a Turanci na Burtaniya shine "Elsan", wanda ya samo asali ne daga shekarar 1925. A cewar Camping and Caravanning Club, "Yau sau da yawa za ku ga wuraren shakatawa suna komawa ga wuraren zubar da sinadarai a matsayin wuraren zubar na Elsan saboda tarihin da kuma shahararren alamar. " Canal da River Trust suna amfani da sunayen alama guda biyu, maimakon kowane lokaci mara alama. [5][6]

Ɗaya daga cikin maganganu don waɗannan bayan gida masu sauƙi shine tsarin "kwandon kwalliya da chuck it", [7] [8] [5] kodayake a zahiri ba sa kama da buɗewar guga (duba bayan gida). Wadannan an tsara su ne don a kwashe su cikin tashoshin tsabtace muhalli da aka haɗa da tsarin datti na yau da kullun. Wadannan bayan gida ba za a rikita su da nau'ikan da aka saka a cikin abin hawa ba kuma suna buƙatar a fitar da su a tashoshin tanki.

Wurin wanka na zubar da ruwa

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Gidan wanka na zubar da ruwa mai sauƙi shine gidan wanka mai bushewa mai zaman kansa wani lokacin ana kiransa "mobile" ko "stand-alone" raka'a. Ana iya gane su ta hanyar kwalliya ta filastik guda ɗaya ko, a cikin nau'ikan DIY, ginin akwatin katako mai sauƙi. Yawancin masu amfani da UDDTs masu zaman kansu sun dogara da tsarin bayan magani don tabbatar da rage kwayar cuta. Wannan bayan magani na iya kunshe da adanawa na dogon lokaci ko ƙari ga tarin man fetur na yanzu ko wanda aka gina don manufar ko wasu haɗuwa da su. Bukatar mataki na bayan magani ya dogara da mitar da girman amfani. Ga lokuta masu amfani da yanayi ko masu sauƙi, ana iya ɗaukar matakin bayan magani ba dole ba ne saboda ƙananan tarin sharar gida, yana sauƙaƙa tsarin zubar da shara gaba ɗaya. ,[9] [10] [11]

Sauran

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Tarihi

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A portable toilet in a British Royal Air Force WWII plane

The close stool, built as an article of furniture, is one of the earliest forms of portable toilet. They can still be seen in historic house museums such as Sir George-Étienne Cartier National Historic Site in Old Montreal, Canada. The velvet upholstered close stool used by William III is on display at Hampton Court Palace; see Groom of the Stool.[12] [13] [14] [15]

An sayar da sassan farko na "Elsan chemical closet" ("closet" ma'ana karamin ɗaki, duba akwatin ruwa, WC, da akwatin ƙasa) a shagunan Sojoji da Sojan Ruwa. Amfani da su a cikin jirgin saman bama-bamai na yakin duniya na biyu an bayyana shi a wani tsawo ta hanyar Gidan Tarihin Bomber Command na Kanada; a takaice, ba su da mashahuri tare da ma'aikatan jirgin sama ko ma'aikatan ƙasa. [16] [17] 'Yan Afirka na Afirka da ke zaune a karkashin Dokokin Jim Crow (watau kafin Dokar' Yancin Bil'adama a shekarar 1964) sun fuskanci kalubale masu haɗari. An ware bayan gidajen wanka na jama'a ta hanyar launin fata, kuma gidajen cin abinci da yawa da tashoshin gas sun ki yin hidima ga baƙar fata, don haka wasu matafiya sun ɗauki bayan gida mai ɗaukar hoto a cikin akwati na motansu.[18] [19] Tun daga shekara ta 1974, masu jagorantar Grand Canyon da ke rafting a kan Kogin Colorado sun yi amfani da akwatunan bindigogi a matsayin bayan gida, yawanci tare da wurin zama na bayan gida mai cirewa, a cewar Gidan Tarihi na Arewacin Arizona a Flagstaff, Arizona . [20][21] [22] [23]

Al'umma da al'adu

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Gidan wanka mai ɗaukar hoto na ƙarni na 19

Kalmar magana, yanzu kwanan wata ko tarihi, ita ce "akwatin tsawa" (Oxford English Dictionary: "a portable commode; by extension, any lavavatory"). An yi amfani da kalmar musamman a Indiya ta Burtaniya; marubucin tafiye-tafiye Stephen McClarence ya kira shi "wani nau'in wanka na mulkin mallaka". Ɗaya daga cikin siffofi masu ban dariya a cikin littafin Evelyn Waugh Men at Arms: [24] ,[25].[26] See, e.g., the description of the Hogarth painting "The Toilette" from his Marriage à-la-mode series in Egerton@,[27] [28]

  • Wurin wanka mai sauƙi
  • Dignified Mobile Witace, tsarin gidan wanka na jama'a daga Najeriya
  • Tsabtace Yanayi
  • Telescopic bayan gida

[29]

Bambance-bambancen yanki

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Yaruka daban-daban suna amfani da "ɗakin wanka" da "gidan wanka" (Ingilishi na Amurka), "ɗakin wanka" da "washroom" (Ingilishi Kanada), da "WC" (waɗanda aka fara amfani da su don "kabad ɗin ruwa"), "lavatory" da kuma taƙaitawarsa "lav" (Ingilishi Turanci). Maganganu na bayan gida da ba su da alaka da ayyukan fitsari da bayan gida kai tsaye a cikin harsunan yamma na zamani, suna nuna halin gaba ɗaya na rashin iya magana game da irin wannan aikin na jiki.[30]

Euphemisms

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An riga an fara amfani da "Crapper" a matsayin babban suna don bayan gida, amma ya sami kuɗi daga aikin Thomas Crapper, wanda ya haɓaka ɗakunan bayan gida a Ingila kuma ya riƙe haƙƙin mallaka da yawa akan haɓaka bayan gida.[31]

"The Jacks" shine yaren Irish don bayan gida.[84] Wataƙila ya samo asali ne daga “jacques” da “jakes”, tsohuwar kalmar Ingilishi.[32] [33]

"Loo" - Tashen ilimin loo ya kasance m. The Oxford English Dictionary ya lura da bayyanar 1922 na "Nawa farashin? Waterloo. Watercloset." a cikin littafin littafin James Joyce na Ulysses kuma ya yi nuni da hujjar Alan S.C. Ross wanda ya samo ta ta wani salo daga wurin shan kashi na Napoleon a 1815.[34] [35] A cikin 1950s ana ɗaukar amfani da kalmar "loo" ɗaya daga cikin alamomin magana na manyan aji na Biritaniya, wanda ke nuna a cikin wani sanannen maƙala mai suna "U and non-U English" Ross, Alan S.C. (1954), [36] "Loo" mai yiwuwa ya samo asali ne daga cin hanci da rashawa na Faransanci l'ebzbau ("ruwa"), gare à l'eau - gainda Scots gardy loo - ("tunanin ruwa", da aka yi amfani da shi dangane da[37] [38] [39] [40]

manazarta

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  1. ↑ https://www-voahausa-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.voahausa.com/amp/7960618.html?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=17539570629609&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voahausa.com%2Fa%2F7960618.html
  2. ↑ https://www-voahausa-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.voahausa.com/amp/7960618.html?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=17539570629609&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voahausa.com%2Fa%2F7960618.html
  3. ↑ "Tucson lawmaker wants tax credits for water-conserving toilet". Cronkite News Service. Archived from the original on 10 August 2007. Retrieed 12 March 2008.
  4. ↑ Tilley, Elizabeth; Ulrich, Lukas; Lüthi, Christoph; Reymond, Philippe; Zurbrügg, Chris (2014). Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies (2nd ed.). Duebendorf, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag). ISBN 978-3-906484-57-0.
  5. 1 2 "Toilets". The Camping and Caravanning Club. April 24, 2013. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved December 27, 2023.
  6. ↑ "Water points and sewage disposal". Canal & River Trust. March 17, 2021. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved December 27, 2023.
  7. ↑ "Toilets". Inland Waterways. Archived from the original on July 8, 2017. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  8. ↑ "Porta Potty Rental: Technology review of portable toilets". Ircwash. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  9. ↑ "Some Squat Toilets in Asia Can Be Scary -- Here's How to Survive Them!". TripSavvy. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  10. ↑ Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies
  11. ↑ "Single Ventilated Improved Pit – Akvopedia". akvopedia.org. Retrieved 21 May 2020. This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 3.0 license.
  12. ↑ Mitchell, Piers D. (3 March 2016). Sanitation, Latrines and Intestinal Parasites in Past Populations. Routledge. p. 30. ISBN 978-1-317-05953-0.
  13. ↑ "Scotland and the indoor toilet"
  14. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet#
  15. ↑ "Old toilet find offers civilsation start clues"
  16. ↑ Wright, Ken (2010). "And When Nature Calls". Bomber Command Museum of Canada. Archived from the original on December 10, 2020. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  17. ↑ "Asia's First Toilet Discovered In Southern Vietnam". Asian Scientist Magazine. 17 June 2012. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  18. ↑ Sugrue, Thomas J. "Driving While Black: The Car and Race Relations in Modern America". Automobile in American Life and Society. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on December 16, 2017. Retrieved December 27, 2023.
  19. ↑ "1 Chapter 2 Sanitation and wastewater technologies in Harappa/Indus valley civilization (ca. 2600–1900 BC)"
  20. ↑ "A History of the Groover". rowadventures.com. 8 July 2021. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  21. ↑ "Our History". swca.com. 22 June 2016. Archived from the original on 2023-12-11. Retrieved 2023-12-17.
  22. ↑ Time capsule – Life & Style – Vietnam News | Politics, Business, Economy, Society, Life, Sports – VietNam News". 28 April 2021. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  23. ↑ Mattelaer, Johan J. "Some Historical Aspects of Urinals and Urine Receptacles." World Journal of Urology 17.3 (1999): 145–50. Print
  24. ↑ "toilet, n.", Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford UniversitPress.
  25. ↑ See, e.g., the description of the Hogarth painting "The Toilette" from his Marriage à-la-mode series in Egerton[78] or the extensive discussion of a lady's toilet in Pope
  26. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=1-8WAAAAIAAJ&q=toilet
  27. ↑ Alison Moore, Colonial Visions of 'Third World' Toilets: A Nineteenth-Century Discourse That Haunts Contemporary Tourism. In Olga Gershenson and Barbara Penner (eds.), Ladies and Gents: Public Toilets and Gender (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2009), 97–113or the extensive discussion of a lady's toilet in Pop
  28. ↑ doi
  29. ↑ "BBC h2g2". Archived from the original on 28 June 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
  30. ↑ the original
  31. ↑ Yachtsmen still tend to refer to their
  32. ↑ "Toilet Inspector". Retrieved 25 June 2013
  33. ↑ "Chamber Pots". Muzeum historických nočníků a toalet. Retrieved 17 July 2016
  34. ↑ loo, n.⁴", Oxford English Dictionary
  35. ↑ Ross, Alan S.C. (October 1974), Blackwood's Magazine, pp. 309–316.
  36. ↑ "Linguistic Class-Indicators in Present-Day English", Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, vol. 55, Helsinki, pp. 113–149
  37. ↑ "loo, n.⁴", Oxford English Dictionary
  38. ↑ Ashenburg, Katherine (2008). The dirt on clean : an unsanitized history (First ed.). New York. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-4668-6776-5. OCLC 876714657.
  39. ↑ Harper, Douglas. "loo". Online Etymology Dictionary..
  40. ↑ "Why do they call it the loo?"
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