Bikin Asafotufiam
| Iri | biki |
|---|---|
| Wuri |
Dangme East District (en)  , Yankin Greater Accra |
| Ƙasa | Ghana |
Sarakuna da al'ummar Ada dake Gabashin Dangbe na babban yankin garin Accra na kasar Ghana ne suke gudanar da Bikin Asafotufiam.[1] Ana gudanar da bikin ne a makon farko na watan Agusta na kowace shekara.[1][2]
Asalin kalmar[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kalmar ‘Asafotufiam’ ta fito ne daga kalmar ‘Asafotufiami’ wadda a cikin Dangme ke nufin ‘Divisional Firing of Musketry’.[2] Sunan "Asafo-tu-fiam" ya ƙunshi sassan sunan kalmomi guda uku.[3]
Bangaren farko shine "Asa" wanda shine jam'in "Sa", suna. Asalin sunan "Sa", wanda wani lokaci ana kiransa "Osa", "Asa" ko "Aesir", yana nufin ruhin Ubangijin Mahaliccin Allahntaka na Duniya. A cewar Ga-Adamgbes, sunan "Osa" ko "Asa" shine abin da aka lalata ga Osiris. “Osa” wani Bakar fatar Nubian ne da aka taba yi masa bauta a duniya. Yana daya daga cikin alloli masu tsarki na kakannin mutanen Ada.[3]
Bangare na biyu (2) shine "Tu". "Tu" shine sunan bindiga ko bindiga a cikin Dangbe.[3]
Sunan "Tu" ko "Tutu" yana nufin Ruhun Jikin Ruhaniya. Sunan "Tu" ko 'Tutu' shine sunan Allah na jagoran ruhin Ruhaniya ta Osa's Old Nubians. Cikakken sunan "Tu" ko "Tutu" shine "Tutu-Ani" wanda kuma aka sani a wasu al'adu kamar marubucin "Ani".[3]
Bangare na ukku (3) shine "Fia" ko "Fiam" wanda ke nufin yin mari ko harbi ko harbi ko harbi. "Tu-fia" ko "Tufiam" a zahiri yana nufin harbin bindiga.[3]
"Asafotufia" ko "Asafotufiam" ana fassarawa a zahiri kamar, "Masu koyar da koyarwar ruhaniya Osa da aka nada".
"Asafotu" kamfanoni ne na mayaƙan da suke harba miyau a cikin bikin.[4]
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Adangmes sun yi yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa a ƙoƙarin kafa wa jama'arsu yanki. Mafi shahara a cikin wadannan yake-yaken sun hada da yakin Katamanso na shekarar 1826, yakin Glover na shekarar 1876, mamayewar da Anglos suka yi a shekara ta 1770 da yakin Nonobe a shekara ta 1750.[2] Mutanen Ada sun yi nasarar jure duk wadannan hare-hare kuma suka tsira daga yake-yaken, wanda ya kai ga nasarar kafa masarautar Ada da kuma tsira. Yayin da yake-yake ya zama ruwan dare, sai aka rika gudanar da al'adu domin tarbar jaruman sojoji da jaruman yaki da suka dawo gida. Wasu daga cikin wadannan al'adu sun hada da wanke ƙafafu da harbin miski don sanar da zuwansu.[2][5]
A cikin shekarar 1900s, ba tare da yaƙe-yaƙe da za a yi ko kuma kai hari daga wasu kabilu ba, an kawar da al'adun da ake yi don maraba da sojojinsu jajirtattu saboda ba a buƙatar su. Jama’a kuwa, har yanzu suna ganin akwai bukatar a kafa biki domin murnar sojoji da kakanninsu da sarakunan da suka shude wadanda duk suka bayar da gudunmawa wajen ganin an samu nasarar kafa Ada. Hakan ne ya share fagen kafa bikin Asafotufiam, a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin irin tarbar da ake yi wa sojoji masu dawowa.[2][5]
Don sake gabatar da al'amuran tarihi na mutanen Ada, "mayaƙa" suna yin ado da kayan yaƙi na gargajiya kuma suna yin yaƙin ba'a. Har ila yau, lokaci ne da ake gabatar da samarin yaki.[6]
Akwai Asafo (kamfanoni) guda biyu a cikin Jihar Ada, wato, Akomfode da Asorkor, wanda bisa ga al'adar memba na matrilineal.[7]
Biki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Bisa ga al'ada, ana fara bikin ne daga ranar Alhamis a makon farko na watan Agusta tare da isowar 'ya'ya maza da mata, masu fatan alheri da baki daga wasu wurare zuwa garin. An ware ranar alhamis don bikin share gidaje da kuma zub da liyafa a wuraren ibada na iyalai daban-daban da kuma kiyaye tsaro.[7]
A safiyar ranar Juma'a, kamfanonin biyu (Asafo) sun buge ganguna daban-daban don kiran mambobinsu don ci gaba da tafiya zuwa Luhuese da ke wajen Big Ada inda aka tilasta musu.[7]
Bisa ga al’adar da, duk samarin da suka kai shekarun balaga, sai a shigar da su cikin kamfanoninsu na Asafo, ta hanyar koya musu yadda ake sarrafa su, da lodin bindiga da kuma harbe-harbe a karon farko.[7]
Hakan ya biyo bayan samuwar yaki da kuma fara koyar da tsoffin dabarun yaki. Ana ci gaba da haka har zuwa yammacin ranar sai suka koma Big-Ada sanye da kayan aikin soja na gargajiya tare da sanye da ganye da rassan dabino wanda ke nuni da jarumtaka masu cin nasara da suka dawo daga fagen fama a cikin harba miyagu da kukan yaki.[7]
Ana ci gaba da rera wakoki da harbe-harbe da raye-raye har zuwa faduwar rana yayin da jerin gwanon suka ci gaba da zuwa "Kpomkpo-Panya" (wajen da ya zama wurin tashi ga mayaka da ke zuwa yake-yake da kuma wurin saukar sojojin da suka dawo daga yaƙe-yaƙe)[5] inda kamfanonin Asafo suke. su kafa fayil guda guda a gefen kogin sannan su kona volleys guda uku a jere a cikin kogin, su tsoma kafafunsu a cikinsa, su wanke hannayensu don nuna daukewar dukkan mugayen al'amura na shekaru da kuma sa ido ga dukkan alherin da ke cikin tanadin shekaru masu zuwa. Duk mabiyan Kamfanonin Asafo suna bin al'adar tsoma ƙafafu da wanke hannu. Muzaharar ta watse kowa ya koma gidansa cikin wakar murna.[7]
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Festivals in Ghana". www.ghanaweb.com. Retrieved 27 December 2011.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "The GaDangme". thegadangme.com. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "ADA-ASAFOTUFIAM". ga-adangbe.com. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
- ↑ "Asafotufiami Festival | Things to do in Accra". Time Out Accra (in Turanci). Retrieved 2021-03-04.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Asafotufiam Festival: Remembering The Soldiers With War Festival". Jetsanza.com (in Turanci). 2019-11-04. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
- ↑ "Festivals in Ghana". touringghana.com (in Turanci). 2016-02-24. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Mensah, Joseph Nii Abekar (2013). Traditions and customs of Gadangmes of Ghana : descendants of authentic Biblical Hebrew Israelites. Houston, TX. ISBN 1-62857-104-7. OCLC 863157099.