Brasilia

Brasilia
	babban birni, birni, planned national capital (en) , political city (en) da federal capital (en)
Bayanai
Farawa	21 ga Afirilu, 1960
Sunan hukuma	Brasília
Suna a harshen gida	Brasília
Suna saboda	Brazil
Demonym (en)	Brasiliense, Braziljano, Brasilienne, Brasilien da brasiliense
Take	Anthem to Brasilia (en)
Motto text (en)	Venturis ventis
Nahiya	Amurka ta Kudu
Ƙasa	Brazil
Babban birnin	Brazil, Fourth Brazilian Republic (en) da Federal District (en)
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC−03:00 (en)
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Paranoá River (en) da Paranoá Lake (en)
Mamba na	União das Cidades Capitais Luso-Afro-Américo-Asiáticas (en) , Creative Cities Network (en) da Organization of World Heritage Cities (en)
Zanen gini	architectural ensemble (en)
Heritage designation (en)	Muhimman Guraren Tarihi na Duniya
Lambar aika saƙo	70000–70999
Shafin yanar gizo	brasilia.df.gov.br
Patron saint (en)	John Bosco (en) da Our Lady of Aparecida (en)
World Heritage criteria (en)	(i) da (iv) (en)
Local dialing code (en)	061
Wuri
	15°47′38″S 47°52′58″W / 15.7939°S 47.8828°W
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Brazil
Federal district of Brazil (en)	Federal District (en)

Brasilia babban birnin tarayya ne na Brazil kuma wurin zama na gwamnatin Tarayyar Brazil.^[1] Babban birnin yana cikin yankin Midwest na ƙasar, tare da yankin yanki da ake kira Central Plateau. Dangane da kiyasin Cibiyar Nazarin Geography da Kididdiga ta Brazil (IBGE) na 2021, yawanta ya kasance 3,094.325 da 4,284.676 a cikin babban birni, wanda ya mai da shi birni na uku mafi yawan jama'a a cikin ƙasar.^[2] Ba za a iya raba Gundumar Tarayya zuwa gundumomi ba, bisa ga Tsarin Mulkin Tarayya na 1988. Duk da haka, don dalilai masu amfani, Brasília ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin birni.^[3]^[4] Brasilia kuma ita ce ta biyar mafi yawan yawan garin a Brazil. Babban birnin Brazil shine birni mafi girma a duniya da aka gina a karni na 20.^[5]

Garin yana da mafi girman GDP ga kowane mutum dangane da manyan birane,^[6] na huɗu mafi girma a tsakanin manyan biranen Latin Amurka kuma kusan sau uku sama da matsakaicin kudin shiga na Brazil.^[7] A matsayinta na babban birnin ƙasa, Brasília gida ce ga hedikwatar rassa uku na reshen zartarwa na jamhuriya, reshen majalisar dokoki da reshen shari'a da ofisoshin jakadancin ƙasashen waje 127.^[8] An raba kasa birni zuwa wurare da yawa, gami da wuraren aiki da aka keɓe kamar ɗakunan otal, bankuna ko ofisoshin jakadanci. Asalin shirin birane na babban birnin, wanda aka fi sani da "Pilot Plan" (sunan da za a baiwa yankin gudanarwa inda yake), wanda mai tsara shirin birane da masanin gine -gine Lúcio Costa ya shirya, wanda, yana amfani da damar yankin. Paranoá, an yi shi ne a cikin 1893 ta Cruls balaguro. Lúcio Costa, wanda kuma masanin gine -gine ne Oscar Niemeyer da injiniyan gine -gine Joaquim Cardozo ne suka fara shirya shi da haɓaka shi a cikin 1956.^[9]^[10] An kafa shi a ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1960, lokacin shugaban Juscelino Kubitschek, Brasília a hukumance ya zama babban birnin Brazil na uku, bayan Salvador da Rio de Janeiro. Idan aka duba daga sama, galibi ana bayanin babban yankin birnin yana da siffar jirgin sama, amma shawarar farko ta Lúcio Costa ita ce ta yi kama da alamar giciye.^[11]^[12] Garin yana da halaye na musamman a Brazil, saboda gundumar gudanarwa ce ta musamman, mai kama da Washington, DC, a Amurka, da Canberra, a Ostiraliya. Garin, wanda galibi ake kira "Babban Tarayyar Tarayya" ko "BSB", UNESCO ta dauke shi a matsayin Gidan Tarihi na Duniya, saboda ginin gine -ginensa da birni,^[13] kuma yana da yanki mafi girma da aka jera a duniya, tare da murabba'in murabba'in kilomita 112.5.^[14]