Rabies

 

Rabies
A dog with rabies in the paralytic (post-furious) stage
Specialty	Infectious diseases, veterinary medicine
Symptoms	Fever, fear of water, confusion, excessive salivation, hallucinations, trouble sleeping, paralysis, coma
Causes	Rabies virus, Australian bat lyssavirus
Prevention	Rabies vaccine, animal control, rabies immunoglobulin
Prognosis	Nearly always death after onset of symptoms
Deaths	17,400 (2015)

Rabies cuta ce da ke haifar da kumburin kwakwalwa ga mutane da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa . Alamun farko na iya haɗawa da zazzaɓi da hargitsi a wurin da aka fallasa. Waɗannan alamomin suna biye da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin alamun masu zuwa: motsin tashin hankali, jin daɗin da ba a sarrafa ba, tsoron ruwa, rashin iya motsa sassan jiki, rikicewa, da asarar sani . Da zarar bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana, sakamakon shine kusan mutuwa. Lokacin da ke tsakanin kamuwa da cutar da farkon bayyanar cututtuka yawanci watanni ɗaya ne zuwa uku, amma yana iya bambanta daga ƙasa da mako ɗaya zuwa fiye da shekara ɗaya. Lokaci ya dogara da nisa da kwayar cutar dole ta bi tare da jijiyoyi na gefe don isa tsarin juyayi na tsakiya .

Kwayar cutar lyssavirus ce ke haifar da ita, da suka hada da cutar rabies da kuma bat lyssavirus na Australia . Yana yaduwa a lokacin da dabbar da ta kamu da cutar ta ciji ko ta tozarta mutum ko wata dabba. Har ila yau, saliva daga dabbar da ta kamu da cutar na iya yada cutar hauka idan miya ta hadu da idanu, baki, ko hanci. A duniya, karnuka sune mafi yawan dabbar da ke ciki. A cikin ƙasashen da karnuka ke yawan kamuwa da cutar, fiye da kashi 99% na cututtukan rabies sune sakamakon cizon kare kai tsaye. A cikin Amurka, cizon jemagu shine mafi yawan tushen kamuwa da cututtukan rabies a cikin mutane, kuma ƙasa da kashi 5% na lokuta daga karnuka ne. Ba kasafai ake kamuwa da rodents da rabies ba. Ana iya gano cutar ne kawai bayan fara bayyanar cututtuka.

Shirye-shiryen kula da dabbobi da allurar rigakafi sun rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta daga karnuka a yankuna da dama na duniya. Ana ba da shawarar yin rigakafi kafin a fallasa su ga waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin haɗari, gami da waɗanda ke aiki da jemagu ko kuma waɗanda ke ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo a yankunan duniya da cutar huhu ta zama ruwan dare. A cikin mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ta rabies, allurar rigakafin rabies da kuma wani lokacin rabies immunoglobulin suna da tasiri wajen hana cutar idan mutum ya sami maganin kafin fara bayyanar cututtuka. Wanke cizo da karce na tsawon mintuna 15 da sabulu da ruwa, povidone-iodine, ko wanka na iya rage adadin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana iya zama ɗan tasiri wajen hana watsawa. As of 2016 , mutane goma sha huɗu ne kawai suka tsira daga kamuwa da cutar rabies bayan sun nuna alamun.

ya haifar da mutuwar mutane kusan 17,400 a duk duniya a cikin 2015. Kusan kashi 40 cikin 100 na mace- mace na faruwa ne a yara ‘yan kasa da shekara 15. Rabies yana cikin ƙasashe sama da 150 kuma a duk nahiyoyi amma Antarctica. Fiye da 3 mutane biliyan suna zaune a yankuna na duniya inda cutar ta barkwanci ke faruwa. Yawancin ƙasashe, ciki har da Ostiraliya da Japan, da kuma yawancin Yammacin Turai, ba su da rabies tsakanin karnuka. Yawancin tsibiran Pasifik ba su da cutar hauka kwata- kwata. An rarraba shi azaman cuta na wurare masu zafi da aka yi watsi da su .