Rabies
| Rabies | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rabe-rabe da ma'adanai da waje | |
| Symptoms | Fever, fear of water, confusion, excessive salivation, hallucinations, trouble sleeping, paralysis, coma[1][2] |
| Causes | Rabies virus, Australian bat lyssavirus[3] |
| Prevention | Rabies vaccine, animal control, rabies immunoglobulin[1] |
| Outcome | Nearly always death after onset of symptoms[1] |
| Deaths | 17,400 (2015)[4] |
Rabies cuta ce da ke gwagwalad haifar da kumburin kwakwalwa ga mutane da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa . Alamun farko na iya haɗawa da zazzaɓi da hargitsi a gwagwalad wurin da aka fallasa. [1] Waɗannan alamomin suna biye da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin alamun masu zuwa: motsin tashin gwagwalad hankali, jin daɗin da ba a sarrafa ba, tsoron ruwa, rashin iya motsa sassan jiki, rikicewa, da asarar sani . [1] Da zarar bayyanar cututtuka sun gwagwalad bayyana, sakamakon shine kusan mutuwa. [1] Lokacin da ke tsakanin kamuwa da cutar da farkon gwagwalad bayyanar cututtuka yawanci watanni ɗaya ne zuwa uku, amma yana iya gwagwalad bambanta daga ƙasa da mako ɗaya zuwa fiye da shekara ɗaya. [1] Lokaci ya dogara da nisa da kwayar gwagwalad cutar dole ta bi tare da jijiyoyi na gefe don isa tsarin juyayi na tsakiya .
Kwayar cutar lyssavirus ce ke haifar da ita, da gwagwalad suka hada da cutar rabies da kuma bat lyssavirus na Australia . Yana gwagwalad yaduwa a lokacin da dabbar da ta kamu da cutar ta ciji ko ta tozarta mutum ko wata dabba. Har ila yau, saliva daga gwagwalad dabbar da ta kamu da cutar na iya yada cutar hauka idan miya ta hadu da idanu, baki, ko hanci. [1] A duniya, karnuka sune mafi yawan gwagwalad dabbar da ke ciki. [1] A cikin ƙasashen da karnuka ke yawan kamuwa da cutar, fiye da kashi 99% na gwagwalad cututtukan rabies sune sakamakon cizon kare kai tsaye. A cikin Amurka, cizon jemagu shine mafi yawan tushen gwagwalad kamuwa da cututtukan rabies a cikin mutane, kuma ƙasa da kashi 5% na lokuta daga karnuka ne. [1] [5] Ba gwagwalad kasafai ake kamuwa da rodents da rabies ba. [5] Ana iya gano cutar ne kawai gwagwalad bayan fara bayyanar cututtuka. [1]
Shirye-gwagwalad shiryen kula da dabbobi da allurar rigakafi sun rage gwagwalad haɗarin kamuwa da cuta daga karnuka a yankuna da dama na duniya. Ana ba da shawarar yin rigakafi kafin a gwagwalad fallasa su ga waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin haɗari, gami da waɗanda ke aiki da jemagu ko kuma waɗanda ke ɗaukar gwagwalad lokaci mai tsawo a yankunan duniya da cutar huhu ta zama ruwan dare. [1] A cikin gwagwalad mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ta rabies, allurar rigakafin rabies da kuma wani lokacin rabies immunoglobulin suna da tasiri wajen hana cutar idan mutum ya sami gwagwalad maganin kafin fara bayyanar cututtuka. [1] Wanke cizo da karce na tsawon mintuna 15 da sabulu da ruwa, povidone-iodine, ko wanka na iya rage adadin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana iya zama ɗan tasiri wajen hana gwagwalad watsawa. [1] As of 2016[update] , mutane goma sha huɗu ne kawai suka tsira daga kamuwa da cutar rabies bayan sun nuna gwagwalad alamun. [6][7][8]
[4] ya haifar da mutuwar mutane gwagwalad kusan 17,400 a duk duniya a cikin 2015. Kusan kashi 40 cikin 100 na mace-gwagwalad mace na faruwa ne a yara ‘yan kasa da shekara 15. Rabies yana cikin ƙasashe gwagwalad sama da 150 kuma a duk nahiyoyi amma Antarctica. [1] Fiye da 3 mutane biliyan suna zaune a yankuna na duniya inda cutar ta gwagwalad barkwanci ke faruwa. [1] Yawancin gwagwalad ƙasashe, ciki har da Ostiraliya da Japan, da kuma gwagwalad yawancin Yammacin Turai, ba su da rabies tsakanin karnuka. Yawancin tsibiran Pasifik ba su da cutar hauka kwata-gwagwalad kwata. [9] An rarraba shi azaman cuta na wurare masu zafi da aka yi watsi da su .
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 "Rabies Fact Sheet N°99". World Health Organization. July 2013. Archived from the original on 1 April 2014. Retrieved 28 February 2014.
- ↑ "Rabies - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
- ↑ "Rabies, Australian bat lyssavirus and other lyssaviruses". The Department of Health. Dec 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, et al. (GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Tintinalli, Judith E. (2010). Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)). McGraw-Hill. pp. Chapter 152. ISBN 978-0-07-148480-0.
- ↑ Hemachudha T, Ugolini G, Wacharapluesadee S, Sungkarat W, Shuangshoti S, Laothamatas J (May 2013). "Human rabies: neuropathogenesis, diagnosis, and management". The Lancet. Neurology. 12 (5): 498–513. doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70038-3. PMID 23602163.
- ↑ "UC Davis Children's Hospital patient becomes third person in U.S. to survive rabies". UC Davis Medical Center. Archived from the original on 21 May 2012. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
- ↑ Manoj S, Mukherjee A, Johri S, Kumar KV (2016). "Recovery from rabies, a universally fatal disease". Military Medical Research. 3 (1): 21. doi:10.1186/s40779-016-0089-y. PMC 4947331. PMID 27429788.
- ↑ "Rabies-Free Countries and Political Units". CDC. Archived from the original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2019.