Dan sarki Shōtoku

Dan sarki Shōtoku
Crown Prince of Japan (en)
regent (en)
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Tachibana-dera (en) , 7 ga Faburairu, 574
ƙasa	Japan
Mutuwa	Ikaruga no miya (en) , 8 ga Afirilu, 622
Makwanci	Eifukuji Kita Kofun (en)
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi	Yōmei
Mahaifiya	Anahobe no Hashihito no Himemiko
Abokiyar zama	Tojiko no Iratsume (en) ; Kashiwade no Hokikimo no Iratsume (en) ; Tachibana no Ōiratsume (en) ; Princess Uji no Shitsukahi (en)
Yara	view Prince Yamashiro (en) ; Princess Umayako (en) ; Princess Tsukishine (en) ; Prince Shirakabe (en) ;
Ahali	Taima no miko (en) , Kume (en) , Prince Ekuri (en) , Prince Tame (en) , Prince Manda (en) , Satomi no Himemiko (en) da Sukatehime no Himemiko (en)
Karatu
Harsuna	Harshen Japan
Sana'a
Sana'a	ɗan siyasa
Muhimman ayyuka	Sangyō Gisho (en) ; Seventeen-article constitution (en) ; Tennōki and Kokki (en) ; Omi Muraji Tomo no Miyatsuko Kuni no Miyatsuko Momo Amari Yaso Tomonoo Awasete Ōmi Takara Domo no Moto tsu Fumi (en)
Imani
Addini	Buddhism in Japan (en)

Shotoku Yarima Shotoku tare da ƙane (hagu: Prince Eguri) da ɗan fari (dama: Yarima Yamashiro)^[1] Shugaban YamatoRegency593-622 Haihuwar Fabrairu 7, 574Ya mutu Afrilu 8, 622 (shekaru 48) MagidantaUji no Shitsukahi Tojiko no IratsumeIssue Prince Yamashiro House KōshitsuUbaSarki Yomei UwarAnahobe no Hashihito Prince Shōtoku (聖徳太子, Shōtoku Taishi, Fabrairu 7, 574 - Afrilu 8, 622[2]), wanda kuma aka sani da Prince Umayado (厩戸皇子, Umayado no ōjî, Umayado no miko) ko Prince Kamitsumiya (上子宐) ōji, Kamitsumiya no miko), ɗan siyasa ne na ɗan tarihi kuma ɗan siyasa na zamanin Asuka a Japan wanda ya yi aiki a ƙarƙashin Empress Suiko. Shi ɗa ne ga Sarkin sarakuna Yōmei da uwargidansa, Gimbiya Anahobe no Hashihito, wadda ita ma kanwar Yomei ce. Amma daga baya, Yarima Shotoken ya karbe shi. Iyayensa dangi ne na dangin Soga mai mulki^[2] sannan kuma ya kasance yana da hannu wajen cin kashin kabilanci na Mononobe.^[3]

Babban tushen rayuwa

da nasarorin Yarima Shotoku ya fito ne daga Nihon Shoki. Yariman ya shahara wajen zamanantar da gwamnatin gwamnati da kuma inganta addinin Buddah a Japan.^[4]Yana kuma da iyalai biyu daban-daban waɗanda suka yi yaƙi a kan tsare shi. A cikin tsararraki masu zuwa, wata ibada ta ibada ta taso a kusa da siffar Yarima Shōtoku don kariyar Japan, Iyalin Imperial, da kuma addinin Buddah. Manyan mutane masu addini irin su Saichō, Shinran da sauransu sun yi iƙirarin wahayi ko hangen nesa da aka danganta ga Yarima Shotoku.^[5] Abubuwan da ke ciki 1Tsarin asali 2 Tarihin Rayuwa 3 Legends 4 Laƙabi da sunaye 5 Gado 5.1 Kuɗi 6 Gallery 6.1 Zane 6.2 Abubuwan sassaka 7 Duba kuma 8 Bayanan kula 9 Nassoshi 10 Littafi Mai Tsarki 11 Hagu na waje Asalin

asali

Iyaye Uba: Emperor Yōmei (用明日皇, 517 – 21 ga Mayu 587) Uwa: (Empress) Princess Anahobe no Hashihito [ja] (穴穂部間人皇女, d 622) Matan aure Gimbiya Uji no Kaitako (菟道貝蛸皇女, b.570), diyar Emperor Bidatsu and Empress Suiko Tachibana-no-Oiratsume, daughter of Prince Owari (橘大郎女) Son: Prince Shiragabe (白髪部王; d.30 Disamba 643), Daughter: Princess Tejima (手島女王; 30 Disamba 643) Tojiko no Iratsume, daughter of Soga no Umako and Lady Mononobe (刀自古郎女) Sun: Prince Yamashiro (山背大兄王; 30 Disamba 643) Daughter: Princess Zai (財王; 30 Disamba 643) Sun: Prince Hioki (日置王; 30 Disamba 643) 'Yar: Gimbiya Kataoka (礼岡女王; 30 Disamba 643) Lady Kawahide no Iratsume (膳大郎女) Son: Prince Hatsuse no Okimi (泊瀬王; 30 Disamba 643) Sun: Prince Saegusa (三枝王; 30 Disamba 643) Sun: Prince Tomoshiko (伊止志古王; 30 Disamba 643) Sun: Prince Asaryoko (麻呂古王; 30 Disamba 643) Yarinya: Sarauniya Tsukishine (舂米女王; 30 Disamba 643) ta auri YarimaYamashiro Daughter: Princess Kunami (久波太女王; 30 Disamba 643) 'Yar: Gimbiya Torybushi (波止利女王; 30 Disamba 643) Daughter: Princess Umayako (馬屋古女王; 30 Disamba 643)

Tarihin Rayuwa

Shotoku a matsayin mahajjacin addinin Buddah yana dan shekara sha hudu. Launuka akan siliki. Muromachi Period, karni na 14. Bisa ga al'ada, an nada Shōtoku mai mulki (Sesshō) a cikin 593 ta Empress Suiko (554-628), mahaifiyarsa. Shotoku, wanda koyarwar Buddha ya yi wahayi, ya yi nasara wajen kafa gwamnati ta tsakiya a lokacin mulkinsa. A cikin 603, ya kafa tsarin Cap da Rank Level a kotu. An yaba masa da kaddamar da kundin tsarin mulki mai kunshe da sha bakwai. Shōtoku ɗan Buda ne mai ƙwazo kuma a al'adance ana danganta shi da marubucin Sangyō Gisho ko "Annotated Commentaries on the Three Sutras" (Lotus Sutra, da Vimalakirti Sutra, da Śrīmālādevī Siṃhanāda Sūtra). Na farko daga cikin wadannan sharhin, Hokke Gisho, an rubuta shi a al'ada zuwa 615 kuma don haka ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin "rubutun Jafananci na farko", wanda hakan ya sa Shotoku ya zama sanannen marubucin Jafananci na farko. A ƙarshen karni na 6, Shōtoku ya jagoranci babban aikin ƙasa don haɓaka addinin Buddha kuma ya ba da umarnin gina Shitennō-ji.^[6] ^[7] An gina haikalin addinin Buddah ne a lardin Settsu (Osaka na yanzu) bayan nasarar da ya samu na soja a kan dangin Mononobe mai karfi, domin an ce [da wane ne?] ya kira su don murkushe abokan gabansa. An danganta sunan Shotoku da Hōryū-ji, wani haikali a lardin Yamato, da sauran haikali da yawa a yankin Kansai. Takaddun shaida a Hōryū-ji sun yi iƙirarin cewa Suiko da Shōtoku sun kafa haikalin a shekara ta 607. Binciken archaeological a 1939 ya tabbatar da cewa fadar Yarima Shotoku, Ikaruga no miya (斑鳩宮), ta tsaya a gabashin rukunin haikalin na yanzu, inda To-in (東院) yana zaune a yau.^[8]Duk da cewa an lasafta shi a matsayin wanda ya kafa addinin Buddha na Japan, an kuma ce Yarima yana mutunta Shinto kuma bai taba ziyartar haikalin addinin Buddah ba tare da ziyartar wuraren ibada na Shinto ba.^[9]Shahararriyar magana da aka danganta ga Shotoku wanda ya zama tushen tushen imani na Buddha a Japan an fassara shi da "Duniya banza ce kuma yaudara, kuma mulkin Buddha kadai gaskiya ne."[10]. A cikin wasiƙarsa da Sarkin sarakuna Yang na Sui, wasiƙar Shōtoku ta ƙunshi sanannun rubutaccen misali wanda a cikinsa ake kiran tsibirin Jafananci da kalmar ma'ana "ƙasar fitowar rana." Sarkin Sui ya aika da sako a cikin 605 wanda ya ce, "masaraucin Sui ya yi tambaya cikin girmamawa game da mai mulkin Wa," kuma Shotoku ya amsa ta hanyar daukar nauyin manufa ta Ono no Imoko a cikin 607, wanda ya kawo tare da karantawa: "Daga mai mulkin qasar fitowar rana (hi izuru tokoro) zuwa ga mai mulkin qasar faɗuwar rana.” ^[10] ^[11] ^[12] An ce an binne shi a Shinaga da ke lardin Kawachi (Lardin Osaka na zamani).^[13]

Tatsuniyoyi

Sashin Sharhin Lotus Sutra, wanda aka ce a rubuta a hannun Shotoku. Wani almara ya yi iƙirarin cewa lokacin da Bodhidharma ya zo Japan, ya sadu da Yarima Shotoku yayin da yake fakewa da maroƙi mai yunwa. Yarima ya nemi marokin da ya bayyana kansa, amma mutumin bai amsa ba. Maimakon Shotoku ya ci gaba, sai ya ba shi abinci, ya sha, ya lullube shi da rigar purple, ya ce masa ya kwanta lafiya. Shotoku sai ya rera waka ga mai yunwa. Kash! Domin Dan hanya yana karya Kuma yunwar shinkafa A kan tudun Kataoka (Sunshine) Shin ka zama Mara iyaye? Ba ka da ubangiji Gari kamar bamboo? Kash! Domin Dan hanya yana karya Kuma yunwar shinkafa! A rana ta biyu, Shotoku ya aika manzo zuwa ga mutumin da ke fama da yunwa, amma ya riga ya mutu. Anan yayi baƙin ciki sosai kuma ya ba da umarnin a binne shi. Daga baya Shotoku ya dauka mutumin ba talaka ba ne tabbas, sai ya aika wani manzo, ya gano kasa ba ta damu ba. A bude kabarin babu gawa a ciki, sai rigar Yarima mai ruwan shunayya ta kwanta a jikin akwatin. Sai Yarima ya sake aika wani dan aike domin ya nemi rigar, ya ci gaba da sawa kamar da. Cikin firgici mutane suka yabawa Yarima: "Gaskiya ne mai hikima ya san mai hikima." Wannan almara yana da alaƙa da haikalin Daruma-ji a cikin Ọji, Nara, inda aka sami wani dutse mai tsauri a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, wanda ba kasafai ba ne.

Lakabi da sunaye

Ana san Shōtoku da laƙabi da yawa, kodayake ainihin sunansa Yarima Umayado (厩戸皇子, Umayado no oji, a zahiri 'bariman mai tsayayye') tun lokacin da aka haife shi a gaban wata bargo[15]. Ana kuma san shi da Toyosatomimi (豊聡耳) ko Kamitsumiyaō (上宮王). An kuma san shi da ɗaukar sunan Sanskrit Dharma Bhavyaśīla [16] wanda Bodhidharma ya ba shi. A cikin Kojiki, sunansa ya bayyana a matsayin Kamitsumiya no Umayado no Toyosatomimi no Mikoto (上宮之厩戸豊聡耳命). A cikin Nihon Shoki, ban da Umayado no oji, ana kiransa Toyosamimi Shōtoku (豊聡耳聖徳), Toyosatomimi no Nori no Ōkami (豊聡耳法大王), kuma kawai Nori no Ushi no ). Sunan da aka fi saninsa da shi a yau, Prince Shotoku, ya fara bayyana a Kaifūsō, wanda aka rubuta fiye da shekaru 100 bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 622 AD.

Gado

Shotoku ya fito akan takardar banki ¥ 10,000, wanda aka buga a cikin 1958. Shotoku akan tambarin 1948. Yawancin cibiyoyi ana kiran su da sunan Shōtoku, kamar Jami'ar Shotoku Gakuen da ƙaramar kwalejin da ke da alaƙa (dukansu a Gifu). Harshen farko na sunansa (聖), ana iya karanta sho a cikin Go-on kuma ana iya karanta sei cikin Kan-on. Ana samun karatun daga baya a Jami'ar Seitoku da karamar kwalejin da ke da alaƙa (dukansu a Matsudo, Chiba) da kuma tsohuwar Kwalejin Gina Jiki ta Seitoku Junior (kuma a kaikaice ta maye gurbin Kwalejin Seiei). Kudi [gyara tushe] Hoton Yarima Shotoku ya bayyana akan kudi yen 100, 1,000, 5,000 da 10,000 yen.^[14]Biyu takardar kudi da aka yi daAn kuma ba da nau'ikan kayayyaki daban-daban da tawada na musamman masu darajar fuskar 100,000,000 ( yen miliyan ɗari). Siffar waɗannan kuɗaɗen ita ce suna da iyaka a kusa da su don hana canjinsa. A matsayin halaye, yana da hatimi da adadi a wurare daban-daban waɗanda suka fara daga tsakiya zuwa waje. Ma'auni na waɗannan batutuwa 2 na takardun kuɗi sune 35.3 cm x 16 cm kuma ɗayan tare da ƙaramin bambancin 34.3 ta 16.5 cm. An yi amfani da waɗannan tikitin tufafi don musayar mahimman dabi'u.

Manazarta

↑ A History of Japan, R.H.P. Mason & J.G. Caiger, Charles E. Tuttle Co., Tokyo 1977, 0221-000349-4615
↑ Patron kings". Khyentse foundation. Archived from the original on 2010-09-16. Retrieved 2010-03-01.
↑ Como, Michael I. (2006). Shōtoku: ethnicity, ritual, and violence in the Japanese Buddhist tradition. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-518861
↑ "Turtle-shaped stonework at Osaka temple dates to 7th century: study". Mainichi Daily News. April 27, 2019. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020
↑ Como, Michael I. (2006). Shōtoku: ethnicity, ritual, and violence in the Japanese Buddhist tradition. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-518861
↑ Shōtoku
↑ Como, Michael I. (2006). Shōtoku: ethnicity, ritual, and violence in the Japanese Buddhist tradition. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-518861
↑ Hall, John Whitney (1988). "The Asuka Enlightenment". The Cambridge History of Japan. Cambridge University. p. 175. ISBN 978-0-52122352-2. Retrieved 2007-04-03.
↑ Shōichi Watanabe (Professor Emeritus at Sophia University) (2014), 教育提言：私が伝えたい天皇・皇室のこと[My opinion concerning education: What I must hand down regarding the Emperor and the Imperial Family of Japan]. In Seiron, 508, 204–11.
↑ Kasahara, Kazuo; McCarthy, Paul, eds. (2007). A History of Japanese religion (6. print ed.). Tokyo: Kosei. ISBN 978-4-333-01917-5.
↑ Varley, Paul. (1973). Japanese Culture: A Short History. p. 15
↑ "遣隋使". Chinese Encyclopedia Online. Original text: 日出處天子致書日沒處天子無恙 (Book of Sui, Volume 81)
↑ Guth, Christine. "The Divine Boy in Japanese Art." Monumenta Nipponica 42:1 (1987). p. 12.
↑ Security Features of Bank of Japan Notes". Bank of Japan

[1] A History of Japan, R.H.P. Mason & J.G. Caiger, Charles E. Tuttle Co., Tokyo 1977, 0221-000349-4615

[2] Patron kings". Khyentse foundation. Archived from the original on 2010-09-16. Retrieved 2010-03-01.

[3] Como, Michael I. (2006). Shōtoku: ethnicity, ritual, and violence in the Japanese Buddhist tradition. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-518861

[4] "Turtle-shaped stonework at Osaka temple dates to 7th century: study". Mainichi Daily News. April 27, 2019. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020

[5] Como, Michael I. (2006). Shōtoku: ethnicity, ritual, and violence in the Japanese Buddhist tradition. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-518861

[6] Shōtoku

[7] Como, Michael I. (2006). Shōtoku: ethnicity, ritual, and violence in the Japanese Buddhist tradition. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-518861

[8] Hall, John Whitney (1988). "The Asuka Enlightenment". The Cambridge History of Japan. Cambridge University. p. 175. ISBN 978-0-52122352-2. Retrieved 2007-04-03.

[9] Shōichi Watanabe (Professor Emeritus at Sophia University) (2014), 教育提言：私が伝えたい天皇・皇室のこと[My opinion concerning education: What I must hand down regarding the Emperor and the Imperial Family of Japan]. In Seiron, 508, 204–11.

[10] Kasahara, Kazuo; McCarthy, Paul, eds. (2007). A History of Japanese religion (6. print ed.). Tokyo: Kosei. ISBN 978-4-333-01917-5.

[11] Varley, Paul. (1973). Japanese Culture: A Short History. p. 15

[12] "遣隋使". Chinese Encyclopedia Online. Original text: 日出處天子致書日沒處天子無恙 (Book of Sui, Volume 81)

[13] Guth, Christine. "The Divine Boy in Japanese Art." Monumenta Nipponica 42:1 (1987). p. 12.

[14] Security Features of Bank of Japan Notes". Bank of Japan

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