Dokar Tsaftace Muhalli
 Dokar Tsaftace Muhalli | |
|---|---|
area of law (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Dokar muhalli |
| Muhimmin darasi |
environmental remediation (en) |
Dokokin tsaftace muhalli, gudanar da kawar da gurɓatacce ko gurɓatawa daga kafofin watsa labarai kamar ƙasa, laka, ruwan saman ƙasa, ko ruwan ƙasa. Ba kamar dokokin kula da ƙazanta ba, dokokin tsaftacewa an tsara su don amsa bayan da hakikanin gurɓacewar muhalli, saboda haka dole ne sau da yawa a ayyana ba kawai ayyukan mayar da martani da suka dace ba, har ma ƙungiyoyin da ke da alhakin aiwatarwa (ko biyan kuɗi) irin waɗannan ayyukan. Abubuwan da ake buƙata na tsari na iya haɗawa da dokoki don amsa gaggawa, rabon alhaki, kimantawar rukunin yanar gizo, bincike na gyara, nazarin yuwuwar, aikin gyara, sa'ido bayan gyara, da sake amfani da rukunin.
Dokoki daban-daban na iya yin mulkin tsaftacewa ko gyara na kafofin watsa labarai daban-daban. Za a iya aiwatar da amsawar zube ko buƙatun tsaftacewa azaman dokoki na tsaye, ko kuma a matsayin sassan manyan dokokin da aka mayar da hankali kan takamaiman yanayin muhalli ko gurɓatawa.
Amsar gaggawa da kuma rigakafi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dokokin tsaftace muhalli na iya ƙunsar buƙatu don ganowa da amsa ta gaggawar muhalli. A irin waɗannan lokuta, dokoki na iya ayyana lokacin da ake buƙatar matakan mayar da martani na gaggawa, ko sharuɗɗan da hukumar gudanarwa za ta iya yanke irin wannan shawarar. [1] Ana iya buƙatar matakan mayar da martani na gaggawa, misali, lokacin da sakin gurɓataccen abu a cikin muhalli ya haifar da barazana nan take ga lafiyar ɗan adam ko ƙimar muhalli. Abubuwan da suka faru kamar zubewar mai da kuma fitar da sinadarai masu girman gaske sukan haifar da martanin gaggawa.
Gyaran muhalli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gyaran mahalli shine tsarin cirewa, ko ware gurɓataccen iska a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na muhalli. Dokokin tsaftace muhalli na iya ƙunsar ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin gyara abubuwan da ake bukata, ko kuma suna iya ƙunsar ƙa'idodi da matakai waɗanda hukumar gudan za ta iya tantance maganin da ya dace.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ See, e.g., US EPA materials on Imminent and Substantial Endangerment under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and CERCLA.