Dorothy M. Reeder
Dorothy Mae Reeder(21 ga Yuni,1902 - Maris 15,1957)ma'aikaciyar dakin karatu ce Ba'amurkiya wacce ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ta sana'a ga gwamnati da hidimar jama'a.Ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Laburaren Amurka a Paris(1936–1941) kuma a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman ga Laburaren Kasa da Ma'aikatar Ilimi a Bogotá, Kolombiya inda ta shirya ɗakin karatu na ba da lamuni na farko na ƙasar (1941-1943).Ta kuma yi hidima ga Red Cross ta Amurka a Turai(1943 – 1947)kuma ta yi aiki a ɗakin karatu na Majalisa.
Ilimi da farkon rayuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Dorothy M.Reeder a Philadelphia,Pennsylvania a ranar 21 ga Yuni,1902.Ita ce 'yar Samuel Bye Reeder da Lillian Mae Lingo Reeder,kuma tana da ƙane,Samuel Bye Reeder,Jr. Shekara ɗaya bayan haihuwarta,dangin Reeder sun ƙaura zuwa Washington,DC inda mahaifinta ya fara aiki a matsayin farantin karfe. ga Ofishin Zane da Bugawa.Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya a Columbia Heights[1]kafin ta kammala karatunta a watan Mayu 1919 daga Cibiyar Paul,[2] makarantar kwana ta 'yan mata wacce lauya, farfesa na shari'a,marubuciya,kuma mai ba da shawara Nanette B.Paul,ta yi karatun Kimiyyar Laburare Faransanci.[3]
Sana'a[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Shekarun Farko[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Reeder ya tafa aiki a matsayin magatakarda na Sashen Baitulmali.Sannan ta zama ma’aikaciyar dakin karatu da Library of Congress ta yi aiki daga 1925 zuwa 1929.A cikin 1929,Library of Congress ya aika da ita zuwa ga Ibero-American Exposition (Mayu 9, 1929 - Yuni 21,1929)a Seville, Spain don ba da taimako a ginin Amurka,wanda ya ƙunshi babban ɗakin karatu na littattafai na adabi da al'adun Amurka.
American Library a Paris[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Reeder ya kasance a Turai kuma ya shiga cikin ma'aikatan ɗakin karatu na Amurka a Paris a watan Satumba,1929, a matsayin mataimaki a sashen rarrabawa,yana aiki a karkashin Darakta Burton E.Stevenson.[4] Dakin karatu na Amurka ya kasance a wurinsa na asali a lamba 10 rue de l'Élysée a cikin unguwa ta 8 ta Paris,kusa da fadar shugaban Faransa.Reeder ya zauna ba da nisa da Laburare a 50 rue Jacob a cikin unguwar Saint-Germain-des-Prés a cikin 6th arrondissement.
A cikin 1930,Reeder ya zama shugaban Sashen lokaci-lokaci a ɗakin karatu na Amurka kuma ya koma 220 Boulevard Saint-Germain. Matsayinta da ayyukanta a Laburare sun ƙaru akan lokaci.A shekara ta 1934,ta zama memba na kwamitin da ya ƙayyade kasafin kudin sayen littattafai da na lokaci-lokaci.A cikin 1935,ta ɗauki duk tallata don Laburare kuma ta zama Babban Sakatare.Ta kuma shirya abubuwa irin su Makon Littafi.A shekara mai zuwa,Hukumar Amintattun Laburare ta nada mata Mukaddashin Darakta,kuma Reeder ta lura da ƙaura zuwa 9 rue de Téhéran a cikin gundumomi 8 na Paris.An buɗe sabon ginin Laburare a Ranar Godiya,1936.An nada Reeder Daraktan Laburare a 1938.
Yaki da Ma'aikata na Paris[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kwanaki bayan da aka ayyana yaƙi,Reeder ya shirya Sabis na Sojoji na Laburare na Amurka,wanda ya aika littattafai sama da 100,000 ga sojojin Burtaniya da Faransa a ƙarshen Yuni 1940.An dakatar da Sabis na Sojoji yayin da Jamus ta mamaye birnin Paris,kuma Reeder ta bukaci ma'aikatanta da su bar birnin.Reeder ya kasance a birnin Paris,yana kula da ɗakin karatu da kuma taimaka wa Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka a matsayin wakilinsu a Otal ɗin Bristol.Ta zauna a Bristol daga Yuni 14 zuwa 1 ga Disamba, 1940,da alhakin tabbatar da cewa masu fasfo na Amurka ne kawai aka shigar da su,da kuma sanar da duk wasu ba za su iya zama a can ba.
Reeder ta bar mukaminta a matsayin Darakta na Laburaren Amurka a Paris a watan Yuni 1941,kuma ta gabatar da wani dogon rahoto na sirri ga Kwamitin Amintattu da ke ba da cikakken bayani game da rayuwa a ɗakin karatu tun Satumba 1939.Franco-American Countess Clara Longworth de Chambrun,doguwar doguwar doguwar rikon dakin karatu,an nada shi darekta mai riko.
Mai ba da shawara na musamman ga Laburaren Ƙasa na Colombia[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan Reeder ta dawo Amurka a ranar 19 ga Yuli,1941,ɗakin karatu na Majalisa ya aika da ita zuwa Biblioteca Nacional a Bogotá,Colombia a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin haɗin gwiwar tsakanin Amirkawa tsakanin Ƙungiyar Labura ta Amirka da ɗakunan karatu a Colombia, Peru,da kuma Mexico.An tallafa wa shirin ta hanyar tallafi daga Gidauniyar Rockefeller.A cikin 1942,Reeder ya kula da ƙirƙira da buɗe ɗakin karatu na farko na Colombia,wanda aka tsara bayan ɗakin karatu na jama'a na Amurka tare da duk littattafan da aka rarraba a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Dewey Decimal System . Ta kuma shirya tarin buɗaɗɗen shelfu na farko na National Library.
Red Cross ta Amurka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Reeder ya yi aiki tare da Red Cross ta Amurka a Turai daga 1943 zuwa 1947,na farko a Ingila ya kafa kungiyoyin Red Cross ga sojojin Amurka.Ta koma birnin Paris kwanaki kadan bayan da aka kwato birnin don kafa ofisoshin sadarwa na kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross War zuwa yammacin Turai.
Library of Congress[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Bayan shekaru da yawa na aiki a cikin "sabis na gwamnati" (1948-1954),an sake nada Reeder a matsayin mataimakin mataimaki a Library of Congress a farkon 1956.[5]
Mutuwa da gado[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An kwantar da Reeder a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kasa a cikin Disamba 1956,kuma ta mutu a ranar 15 ga Maris,1957.[6]An yi jana'izar ta a Miami,FL a ranar 19 ga Maris,1957.
Abubuwan da Reeder ya samu a lokacin Sana'a an ƙirƙira su a cikin littafin littafin Laburaren Paris na marubuciyar Ba'amurke Janet Skeslien Charles.