Ferdinand T. Rana
Ferdinand T. "Fred" Day (Agusta 7, 1918 - Janairu 2, 2015) jagoran 'yancin ɗan adam na Amurka ne kuma malami.[1][2][3]
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haife shi a ranar a cikin shekarar 1918 a Alexandria, Virginia kuma ya halarci Makarantar Parker-Gray har zuwa aji takwas. Ya halarci Makarantar Koyon Fasaha ta Armstrong (yanzu ana kiranta Friendship Armstrong Academy) a Washington, DC, yana kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1935. A lokacin, Alexandria ba ta ba da ilimin sakandare na yau da kullun ga Baƙar fata Amirkawa. Ranar ta sami digiri na Kimiyya a fannin ƙasa da tarihi daga Kwalejin Malamai na Miner. [4]
Sana'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yayin da Day ke son zama malami a garinsu, bai iya koyarwa a Iskandariya ba saboda baƙar fata ne.[5][6] Maimakon haka, ya fara aiki da gwamnatin tarayya a shekarar 1948 kuma ya yi hidima a ma'aikatar harkokin waje ta Amurka, ya yi ritaya a 1978.[7][8][9]
Ranar ta ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin Alexandria, yin aikin sa kai don ƙananan ƙungiyoyin Urban League da NAACP.[7][10][11] Ya ba da shawara ga zanga-zangar da aka yi na shagunan ABC na Virginia da Kamfanin Diamond Cab saboda ba za su yi amfani da Baƙar fata Amirkawa ba, kuma sun goyi bayan zanga-zangar Babban Birnin Alexandria saboda sun ci gaba da tashi da tutar Confederate. [12]
Ofishin Jama'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin shekarar 1964, an naɗa Day ga Hukumar Makarantun Birnin Alexandria, shekaru goma kacal bayan hukuncin Kotun Koli ta Brown v. Hukumar Ilimi, ta zama mamban hukumar makarantar Amurka ta farko a Virginia. A shekara ta 1971 an zaɓe shi a matsayin shugaban hukumar, inda ya zama Ba’amurke na farko da aka zaɓa shugaban kwamitin ilimi na jama’a a tarihin Virginia.[7][13][14]
Rana ta kasance mai himma sosai wajen yin aiki don kawar da Alexandria. Ya jagoranci hukumar lokacin da ta yanke shawara mai cike da cece-kuce na haɗa dukkan ɗaliban makarantar sakandare a sabuwar makarantar sakandare ta TC Williams, wanda hakan ya sa fim ɗin ya tuna da Titans. [15]
Daga baya Gwamnan Virginia ya naɗa shi a matsayin memba na Hukumar Kula da Kwalejin Al'umma ta Virginia. A cikin shekarar 1985, Sakataren Ilimi na Virginia ya zaɓi shi don taimakawa a ci gaba da aiwatar da ƙaddamarwa a Virginia.[7][16]
Mutuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ya mutu a shekarar 2015. [12] Bayan mutuwarsa, ɗan majalisa kuma tsohon Laftanar Gwamna na Virginia Don Beyer ya rubuta, "Amurka ta yi rashin nasara a wannan makon. Mista Day ya kasance jagora na farko kuma mai iko a cikin nasarar kokarin haɗe kan shugabancin Alexandria. A matsayin Ba’amurke na farko da aka naɗa a Hukumar Makarantar Alexandria kuma daga baya a matsayin shugabanta Mr. Day yana da mahimmanci don faɗaɗa daidaitaccen damar ilimi ga dukan yaranmu.” [12]
Martaba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani titi a Alexandria, Ferdinand Day Drive, an ba shi suna don girmama shi. Makarantar Sakandare ta Birnin Alexandria ta Ferdinand T. Day Student Commons suma sunansa ne. [15]
Jarumi Lou Walker ne ya nuna ranar a cikin fim ɗin 2000, Ka tuna da Titans. [15]
Ferdinand T. Day Elementary School a Alexandria ana kiranta da ranar. [17] [4] [18]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "ACPS Express | New West End School Named Ferdinand T. Day Elementary School" (in Turanci). 25 February 2018. Retrieved 2022-11-09.
- ↑ Bah, Char McCargo; Watters, Christa; Davis, Audrey P.; Brown-Henderson, Gwendolyn; Sr, James E. Henson (2013-07-09). African Americans of Alexandria, Virginia: Beacons of Light in the Twentieth Century (in Turanci). Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1-62584-091-2.
- ↑ "ACPS Express | New West End School Named Ferdinand T. Day Elementary School" (in Turanci). 25 February 2018. Retrieved 2022-11-09.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Meet Ferdinand T. Day Who Battled Segregation – Living Legends of Alexandria" (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-09. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "ACPS Express | New West End School Named Ferdinand T. Day Elementary School" (in Turanci). 25 February 2018. Retrieved 2022-11-09.
- ↑ Bah, Char McCargo; Watters, Christa; Davis, Audrey P.; Brown-Henderson, Gwendolyn; Sr, James E. Henson (2013-07-09). African Americans of Alexandria, Virginia: Beacons of Light in the Twentieth Century (in Turanci). Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1-62584-091-2.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:0 - ↑ State, United States Department of (1968). Newsletter (in Turanci).
- ↑ State, United States Dept of (1972). News Letter (in Turanci). p. 56.
- ↑ State, United States Department of (1968). Newsletter (in Turanci).
- ↑ State, United States Dept of (1972). News Letter (in Turanci). p. 56.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "Alexandria Civil Rights Pioneer Ferdinand Day Dies". www.connectionnewspapers.com. Retrieved 2022-11-09. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ State, United States Department of (1968). Newsletter (in Turanci).
- ↑ State, United States Dept of (1972). News Letter (in Turanci). p. 56.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "The Uncommon Fred Day". www.connectionnewspapers.com. Retrieved 2022-11-09. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":4" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Pulliam, Ted (2011). Historic Alexandria: An Illustrated History (in Turanci). HPN Books. p. 59. ISBN 978-1-935377-41-2.
- ↑ "Ferdinand T. Day - Ferdinand T. Day Elementary School". ftd.acps.k12.va.us (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-09.
- ↑ Schrott, Missy (2018-09-06). "Ferdinand T. Day opens its doors". Alexandria Times (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-09.