Filin nauyi

A cikin ilimin kimiyyar lissafi,filin gravitational ko filin hanzari na gravitational filin vector da ake amfani da shi don bayyana tasirin da jiki ke shimfidawa zuwa sararin da ke kewaye da kansa.^[1] amfani da filin gravitational don yin bayani game da abubuwan mamakikamar filin ƙarfin nauyi da aka yi akan wani babban jiki.Yana da girma na hanzari (L/T ² )kuma ana auna shi a cikin raka'a na newtons kowace kilogiram (N/kg) ko kuma,daidai,a cikin mita a kowace murabba'i na biyu(m/s ² ).^[2]

A cikin ainihin ma'anarsa,nauyi wani ƙarfi ne tsakanin ma'auni.Bayan Ishaku Newton, Pierre-Simon Laplace yayi ƙoƙari ya ƙirƙira nauyi a matsayin wani nau'in filin radiation ko ruwa,kuma tun daga karni na 19, an koyar da bayani game da nauyi a cikin makanikai na gargajiya yawanci dangane da samfurin filin,maimakon jan hankali. Yana haifar da gradient sarari na yuwuwar filin gravitational .

A general relativity,maimakon biyu barbashi jawo juna,da barbashi karkatar da spacetime via da taro,da kuma wannan murdiya shi ne abin da ake gane da kuma auna a matsayin "karfi".^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}</link>A cikin irin wannan samfurin mutum yana faɗin cewa kwayoyin halitta suna motsawa ta wasu hanyoyi don mayar da martani ga karkatar da lokacin sararin samaniya, ^{[ ]<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">cewa</span>} ko dai babu wani ƙarfi na nauyi,ko kuma cewa nauyi wani ƙarfi ne.

Makanikai na gargajiya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin injiniyoyi na gargajiya,filin gravitational adadi ne na zahiri. Ana iya bayyana filin gravitational ta amfani da dokar Newton ta duniya gravitation.^[3] An ƙaddara ta wannan hanya,filin gravitational g a kusa da barbashi ɗaya na mass M filin vector ne wanda ya ƙunshi kowane wuri na vector yana nunawa kai tsaye zuwa ga barbashi.Girman filin a kowane wuri ana ƙididdige shi ta hanyar amfani da dokar duniya,kuma yana wakiltar ƙarfin kowace raka'a akan kowane abu a wannan lokacin a sararin samaniya.Saboda filin karfi yana da ra'ayin mazan jiya,akwai yuwuwar makamashi mai ƙarfi ta kowace naúrar,Φ,a kowane wuri a sararin samaniya da ke hade da filayen karfi;wannan shi ake kira karfin nauyi.Ma'aunin filin gravitational shine

\nabla \cdot \mathbf {g} =-\nabla ^{2}\Phi =-4\pi G\rho

inda F shine ƙarfin gravitational, m shine yawan adadin gwajin gwajin, R shine matsayi na gwajin gwajin (ko don dokar motsi ta biyu na Newton wanda shine aikin da ya dogara da lokaci, saitin matsayi na kwayoyin gwaji kowanne yana mamaye wani musamman. aya a sararin samaniya don farkon gwaji), R̂ shine naúrar vector a cikin radial direction na R, t lokaci ne, G shine akai-akai na gravitational, kuma ∇ shine mai aiki na del .^[4]

Wannan ya haɗa da dokar Newton ta duniya gravitation, da alaƙa tsakanin yuwuwar gravitational da hanzarin filin. Lura cewa

\mathbf {g} ={\frac {\mathbf {F} }{m}}={\frac {d^{2}\mathbf {R} }{dt^{2}}}=-GM{\frac {\mathbf {\hat {R}} }{\left|\mathbf {R} \right|^{2}}}=-\nabla \Phi

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

↑ Feynman, Richard (1970). The Feynman Lectures on Physics. I. Addison Wesley Longman. ISBN 978-0-201-02115-8.
↑ Grøn, Øyvind; Hervik, Sigbjørn (2007). Einstein's General Theory of Relativity: with Modern Applications in Cosmology. Springer Japan. p. 256. ISBN 978-0-387-69199-2.
↑ Feynman, Richard (1970). The Feynman Lectures on Physics. II. Addison Wesley Longman. ISBN 978-0-201-02115-8. A 'field' is any physical quantity which takes on different values at different points in space.
↑ Forshaw, J. R.; Smith, A. G. (2009). Dynamics and Relativity. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-01460-8.^{[page needed]}

[1] Feynman, Richard (1970). The Feynman Lectures on Physics. I. Addison Wesley Longman. ISBN 978-0-201-02115-8.

[2] Grøn, Øyvind; Hervik, Sigbjørn (2007). Einstein's General Theory of Relativity: with Modern Applications in Cosmology. Springer Japan. p. 256. ISBN 978-0-387-69199-2.

[3] Feynman, Richard (1970). The Feynman Lectures on Physics. II. Addison Wesley Longman. ISBN 978-0-201-02115-8. A 'field' is any physical quantity which takes on different values at different points in space.

[4] Forshaw, J. R.; Smith, A. G. (2009). Dynamics and Relativity. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-01460-8.^{[page needed]}

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