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Hadisin alkalami da takarda

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Hadisin alkalami da takarda
Asali
Characteristics

Hadisin Alkalami da Takarda: yana nuni ne da wani lamari da Annabi Muhammad (S A W) ya bayyana fatansa na fitar da sanarwa jim kadan kafin rasuwarsa, amma aka hana shi yin hakan. Abin da bayanin ya kunsa, da yadda aka yi rigakafin da kuma yadda Annabi Muhammad (SAW) ya mayar da martani game da ita, abubuwa ne da ke da sabani a tsakanin majiyoyi daban-daban.

Ana kuma kiran wannan waki’ar da musibar ranar alhamis (Larabci: رزية يوم الخميس, romanized: Raziyat Yawm al-Khamis), in ba haka ba, da tsarin tarihi ya bambanta.[1][2]

Labari

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Annabi Muhammad ya yi rashin lafiya a shekara ta 11 bayan hijira (632 Miladiyya) kuma lafiyarsa ta yi tsanani a ranar Alhamis, inda ya nemi a ba shi abin rubutu: "Ina bukatan rubuta wani abu don kada ku bace idan na tafi."[3][4][5] An ruwaito Omar, wani sahabi Muhammad, ya shiga tsakani, inda ya shaida wa wadanda suke wurin cewa Muhammadu yana ta zage-zage, ya kuma kara da cewa, “Kuna da Alkur’ani, littafin Allah ya ishe mu."[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Hayaniyar da alama ta ɓaci Muhammadu, wanda ya tsawatar wa waɗanda ke gefen gadonsa: "Ku tafi ku rabu da ni."[14][15]

Wasu rahotanni sun kara da cewa Muhammad daga baya ya bar umarni uku ga musulmi. A cikin Tabaqat al-Kubra, ibn Sa’ad ya rubuta cewa, guda biyu daga cikin waxannan umarni sune a kori mushrikai daga larabawa, da karvar tawaga kamar yadda ya yi. Nasiha ta uku ba ta nan wadda a cewar ibn Sa’ad mai yiwuwa majiyarsa ta manta da ita. Haka nan sauran marubuta irin su al-Tabari da ibn Kathir, su ma sun yi bayanin abin da ya faru.[16] A madadin haka, wata ruwaya a cikin littafin ibn Sa’ad ta lissafo hukunce-hukuncen guda uku kamar sallah, zakka da [tausasawa] ma malakat aymanukum (bayi). Wannan sigar ta ƙare da mutuwar Annabi Muhammadu (S) akan cinyar Ali.[17] Haka nan ruwayoyi daban-daban na wannan hadisi sun sha bamban wajen tantance wadanda suke wurin, inda aka sanya wasu adadi, kamar su Zainab bint Jahsh, Ummu Salama da Abdullahi bn Abi Bakr, an sanya su ko kuma a cire su gwargwadon fifikon maruwaita.[16]

A cewar malamin Shi'a Tabarsi, umarni na uku (bace) game da Ahlul-baiti (iyalan Muhammad).[18][19] A cikin fassarar Tabarsi na abubuwan da suka faru, lokacin da aka tambayi Muhammad daga baya ko yana son rubuta wani abu, sai ya amsa da cewa:[18][19]

A'a, ba bayan abin da kuka faɗa ba! Maimakon haka, ka kiyaye ni da kyau ta wurin alheri ga mutanen gidana. Ka kyautatawa mutanen Dhimmi [wato yahudawa da kiristoci], ka ciyar da miskinai da ma malakat aymanukum [bayi].

Tattaunawa

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Maluman Sunnah galibi suna kallon damuwa game da wuce gona da iri kan Muhammadu mara lafiya a matsayin dalilin faruwar wannan lamari.[3] Wasu kamar su al-Baladhuri, kuma suna da'awar cewa Muhammadu yana nufin ya ayyana Abubakar a matsayin magajinsa.[16] A madadin, marubucin L. Hazleton, ya nuna cewa mai yiwuwa Annabi Muhammad (S) ya so ya faɗa nufinsa, kuma "idan Ali ya zama magajin da aka naɗa, babu wani mutum a cikin ɗakin da ya so a rubuta shi."[3]

Ana kallon kin biyan bukatar Annabi Muhammadu (S) a matsayin sabawa koyarwar addini na Alkur’ani, wanda ya hada da nassosi kamar: “Duk abin da Manzo (Muhammad) ya ba ku, ku karba, abin da ya hane ku ku bar shi”. ko kuma "Ma'abcinku (Muhammad) bai ɓata ba, kuma bai ɓata ba, kuma bã ya yin magana daga son rai."[20][21][22] A madadin, a cewar marubuci G. Miskinzoda, wannan taron na iya ba da shawarar cewa Annabi Muhammadu (S) ya yarda da yadda al'ummar musulmi za su yi aiki idan babu shi.

Har ila yau Miskinzoda ya danganta wannan lamari da bullowar maganar da aka jingina wa Muhammad cewa, “Al’ummata ba za ta taba yarda da kuskure ba”, ra’ayin da malaman tauhidi irin su ibn Hazm da ibn Sayyid al-Nās suka dawwama. Wannan ra'ayin na zamani yana kama da ya saba wa koyarwar Kur'ani wanda, alal misali, "shawarar da masu aminci su warware wasu batutuwa ta hanyar shawarwari, amma ba maye gurbin annabawa ba. Cewa, bisa ga Kur'ani, an daidaita shi ta hanyar zaɓin Allah," kamar yadda aka lura. da W. Madelung.[23]

A cewar Miskinzoda, ainihin jigon labarin, tambaya ce ta ikon addinin Muhammad, wanda aka misalta shi da furucin Omar: "Kana da Al-Qur'ani, littafin Allah ya ishe mu."[16] Hazleton, duk da haka, ya karyata wannan da'awar kuma ya nuna cewa, "[Qur'ani] ba zai wadatar ba," ya ci gaba da cewa, "Alqur'ani za a kara masa (bayan mutuwar Muhammad) ta hanyar Muhammad, misalinsa a cikin komai daga mafi girman al'amura. zuwa ga mafi ƙanƙantar bayanan rayuwar yau da kullun, kamar yadda na kusa da shi suka danganta.[14]

Wani hadisi ingantacce ya nakalto Muhammad cewa, “Na bar muku abubuwa biyu masu nauyi, Littafin Allah da zuriyata, su biyun ba za su taba rabuwa da juna ba har sai sun dawo gare ni a bakin tafkin [Kausar a sama]."[24][25] A cewar ‘yan Shi’a, wannan hadisi ya nuna cewa wasu daga cikin zuriyar Muhammad da aka fi sani da limaman ‘yan Shi’a, Allah ya ba su ikon fassara Alqur’ani daidai. H. Mavani ya rubuta cewa, “Shi [limamin Shi’a] shi ne rayayyun siffar Alqur’ani, mai tafsirinsa kuma mai zartar da shi.[26] Mahdi, na karshen wadannan limaman Shi'a 'yan Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunnah ne suke jira don ya cika duniya da adalci da zaman lafiya.[27]

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Abbas, Hassan (2021). The prophet's heir: The life of Ali ibn Abi Talib. Yale University Press. p. 89. ISBN 9780300229455.
  2. ↑ Muhammad al-Tijani al-Samawi, Black Thursday, trans. S. Athar (Qum: Ansarian, n.d.).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Samfuri:Harvtxt
  4. ↑ Hazleton, Lesley (2009). After the Prophet: The epic story of the Shia-Sunni split in Islam. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 48. ISBN 9780385532099.
  5. ↑ Samfuri:Hadith-usc
  6. ↑ Samfuri:Harvtxt
  7. ↑ Madelung, Wilferd (1997). The succession to Muhammad: A study of the early caliphate. Cambridge University Press. p. 41. ISBN 9780521646963.
  8. ↑ Samfuri:Harvtxt
  9. ↑ صحيح بخاري vol. 1. p. 34.
  10. ↑ صحيح بخاري vol. 6. p. 9.
  11. ↑ صحيح بخاري vol. 9. p. 111.
  12. ↑ مسند أحمد vol. 5. p. 135.
  13. ↑ الطبقات الكبرى vol. 2. p. 188.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Samfuri:Harvtxt
  15. ↑ Miskinzoda, Gurdofarid (2014). Farhad Daftary (ed.). The Story of Pen & Paper and its interpretation in Muslim Literary and Historical Tradition. The Study of Shi‘i Islam: History, Theology and Law. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-0-85773-529-4.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Samfuri:Harvtxt
  17. ↑ Samfuri:Harvtxt
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Samfuri:Harvtxt
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 الشيخ الطبرسي. إعلام الورى بأعلام الهدى ط- الحديثة vol. 1. pp. 265, 266.
  20. ↑ Samfuri:Harvtxt
  21. ↑ "Quran 59:7". Archived from the original on 2004-01-01. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
  22. ↑ "Quran 53:2". Archived from the original on 2004-01-01. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
  23. ↑ Samfuri:Harvtxt
  24. ↑ Mavani, Hamid (2013). Religious authority and political thought in Twelver Shi'ism: From Ali to post-Khomeini. Routledge. p. 90. ISBN 9781135044732.
  25. ↑ Samfuri:Harvtxt
  26. ↑ Samfuri:Harvtxt
  27. ↑ Arjomand, Said Amir (Dec 2007). "Islam in Iran vi., the Concept of Mahdi in Sunni Islam". Encyclopaedia Iranica. XIV (Fasc. 2): 134–136.
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