Hakkin Ɗan Adam a Albaniya

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Hakkin Ɗan Adam a Albaniya
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Batutuwa na yanzu game da haƙƙin ɗan adam a Albaniya sun haɗa da tashin hankali a cikin gida, shari'o'in azabtarwa keɓewa, da zaluncin 'yan sanda, yanayin gidajen yari gabaɗaya, fataucin ɗan adam da jima'i da yancin LGBT.[1]

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A lokacin mulkin Enver Hoxha (1944-1985), Albaniya ta gurguzu ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan ƙasashe a Gabashin Turai. Duk da haka, tun daga 1992, karkashin jagorancin jam'iyyar Democrat, an aiwatar da sauye-sauye masu sassaucin ra'ayi da dama.[2]

Fataucin mutane[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An sami karuwar wayar da kan jama'a game da fataucin bil'adama a matsayin batun 'yancin ɗan adam a Turai (duba babban labarin: fataucin ɗan adam a Albaniya). Ƙarshen gurguzu ya taimaka wajen karuwar fataucin mutane, inda akasarin wadanda abin ya shafa mata ne da aka tilasta musu yin karuwanci.[3]

Albaniya ƙasa ce ta asali kuma ƙasar jigilar mutane, musamman mata da yara, waɗanda aka yi safarar su don yin lalata da su. Gwamnatin Albaniya ta nuna wani kuduri na yaki da fataucin mutane amma an soki lamirin rashin cika ka’idojin kawar da fataucin da kuma kasa samar da ingantattun matakai na kare shaida. [4]

azabtarwa da kisa daga hukumomi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tun daga farkon shekarar 1994, kungiyar kare hakkin bil’adama ta Amnesty International ta samu rahotannin faruwar al’amura da ake zargin ‘yan sandan Albaniya da cin zarafin mutane a lokacin kama su ko kuma tsare su, wasu ma sun mutu sakamakon wannan magani. Rahotanni sun ce fursunonin sun sha samun raunuka, raunukan da suka samu sun hada da raunuka, karyewar hakora ko yanke wadanda ke bukatar kulawa ko ma a kai su asibiti. Wasu lokuta na rashin kulawa sun kai ga azabtarwa. Yawancin wadannan cin zarafi an yi su ne a kan mambobi ko magoya bayan jam'iyyar Socialist. Sauran wadanda abin ya shafa sun hada da 'yan luwadi, 'yan tsirarun Girka da kuma tsoffin fursunonin siyasa. Da alama ba kasafai ake tuhumar jami'an 'yan sanda kan azabtarwa ko cin zarafi ba. [5]

Cin zarafi da nuna wariya ga mata[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kusan kashi 60 cikin 100 na mata a yankunan karkara suna fama da tashin hankali na jiki ko na tunani kuma kusan kashi 8% na fama da cin zarafi. Ana yawan keta odar kariya. A shekara ta 2014 Kwamitin Albaniya Helsinki (AHC) ya ba da rahoton cewa adadin mata da aka kashe har yanzu yana da yawa.[6]

Kwamishinan kariya daga nuna wariya ya nuna damuwa game da dokar rajistar iyali da ke nuna wariya ga mata. A sakamakon haka, shugabannin gidaje, waɗanda mazaje ne da yawa suna da damar canja wurin zama na iyali ba tare da izinin abokan zamansu ba.

Cin zarafin yara[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A shekara ta 2015 UNICEF ta ba da rahoton cewa kashi 77% na yara ana fuskantar wani nau'i na tashin hankali a gida. Daruruwan yara ne ake tilastawa yin bara ko kuma a yi musu wasu nau’ukan aikin tilas a cikin kasar da ma kasashen waje.

Harin ramuwar gayya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Akalla iyalai 70 ne ke cikin gidan kaso saboda fargabar harin ramuwar gayya.

Tauye hakkin dan adam akan tsirarun Girka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Gwamnati ta keta haƙƙin ɗan adam a Albaniya waɗanda gwamnati ta yi wa tsirarun al'ummar Girka hari ta hanyar 'yan sanda da sabis na sirri a cewar ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin ɗan adam.[7] Ayyukan ci gaba sun yi niyya ga al'ummomin Girka kuma an rusa gidajensu bisa zargin kabilanci da ake yi wa Girkawa daga Kudancin Albaniya, [8] inda ake ruguza gidaje bisa tsari. Har ila yau, a cewar Amnesty International akwai shari'o'in cin zarafi na 'yan tsiraru na Girka da hukumomi suka yi. [5]

Har ila yau, 'yan tsiraru na Girka sun koka game da rashin amincewa da gwamnati ta yi na gane garuruwan 'yan kabilar Girka da ke wajen "yankin 'yan tsiraru" na zamanin kwaminisanci, don yin amfani da Girkanci a cikin takardun hukuma da kuma a kan alamun jama'a a yankunan Girkanci na Girka, ko kuma shigar da karin 'yan kabilar Girka a cikin harkokin gwamnati. [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17]

Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • 'Yancin addini a Albaniya
  • Binciken Intanet da sa ido a Albaniya
  • Lëvizja Zgjohu
  • Hakkokin LGBT a Albaniya

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "Countries" . www.amnesty.org . Retrieved 2019-06-19.
  2. ↑ Fred., Abrahams (1996). Human rights in post-communist Albania . Human Rights Watch/Helsinki (Organization : U.S.). New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 1564321606 . OCLC 34677470 .
  3. ↑ Council of Europe Archived 2008-02-14 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ↑ U.S Department of State,"ALBANIA (TIER 2) Albania is a source country for women and children trafficked for the purposes of sexual exploitation and forced labor, largely to Greece and Italy, where many victims are then further transited to the United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands. Albanian children, especially ethnic Roma and Egyptian, continue to be trafficked externally for forced begging. Regional and international experts consider Albania to have significantly decreased as a transit country for trafficking in Western Europe. The Government of Albania does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so. The government remained committed to monitoring and preventing trafficking at the country's main ports and produced successful interdictions. However, implementation of Albania's anti-trafficking tools remained inadequate and a critical area of concern. Greater, proactive steps in the areas of protection and reintegration are needed to ensure the safety of victims. The government must apply available laws and programs, in addition to improving prevention for vulnerable groups. Trafficking-related corruption must also be addressed.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 ALBANIA: FAILURE TO END POLICE ILL-TREATMENT AND DEATHS IN CUSTODY
  6. ↑ "Human Rights in Albania" . Archived from the original on 2018-01-14. Retrieved 2017-11-02.
  7. ↑ "Albania: The Greek Minority" . www.hrw.org . Retrieved 2019-06-19.
  8. ↑ "Οι Αλβανοί αρπάζουν σπίτια από τους Βορειοηπειρώτες" . www.himara.gr (in Greek). Retrieved 2019-06-19.
  9. ↑ United States Department of State ALBANIA 2008 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT]
  10. ↑ United States Department of State ALBANIA 2009 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT]
  11. ↑ ALBANIA 2010 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT
  12. ↑ ALBANIA 2011 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT Archived 2017-11-07 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ↑ ALBANIA 2012 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT Archived 2017-11-07 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ↑ ALBANIA 2013 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT Archived 2017-11-07 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ↑ ALBANIA 2014 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT Archived 2017-11-07 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ↑ ALBANIA 2015 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT
  17. ↑ ALBANIA 2016 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT
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