Jump to content

Harshen Berta

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Harshen Berta
'Yan asalin magana
367,000
Latin alphabet (en) Fassara da Baƙaƙen boko
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3 wti
Glottolog bert1248[1]

Berta, da ya dace, a.k.a. Gebeto, Berta, (kuma Bertha, Barta, Burta) ne ke magana a Sudan da Habasha. zuwa shekara ta 2006 Berta tana da kusan masu magana 180,000 a Sudan.


Harsunan Berta guda uku, Gebeto, Fadashi da Undu, galibi ana ɗaukar su yare ɗaya. Berta da ya dace ya haɗa da yarukan Bake, Dabuso, Gebeto, Mayu, da Shuru; ana iya faɗaɗa sunan yaren Gebeto zuwa duk Berta da ta dace.

Fasahar sauti

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Labari Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Gishiri
Dakatar da voiced b d ɟ g
ejective (cʼ) (ʔ)
implosive ɗ
Fricative voiceless f θ s ʃ h
ejective
Hanci m n (Ra'ayi) ŋ
Rhotic r
Hanyar gefen l
Kusanci j w
  • Ana iya jin murya /b, d, ɡ/ a matsayin mara murya [p, t, k] a cikin bambancin kyauta, kalma-da farko ko kalma-a ƙarshe.
  • A glottal tsayawa [ʔ] galibi yana faruwa tsakanin wasula, kuma ana iya jin sautin wasula na farko.
  • Tsarin tsayawa a cikin hanci na iya faruwa a matsayin [mb, nd, ŋɡ,表演ʼ].
  • /ŋ/ ana jin sa a matsayin [ɲ] lokacin da yake gaba da wasula ta gaba /i/ ko /e/.
  • /kʼ/ ana jin sautin baki [cʼ] lokacin da yake gaban wasula na gaba.
  • /ɡ/ ana iya jin sautin murya [ɟ] ko kuma sautin muryar murya [c] lokacin da yake gaban wasula na gaba.
  • /h/ a cikin matsayi na ƙarshe ana iya jin sa a matsayin fricative [x].
  • /s, θ/ na iya faruwa a wasu lokuta kamar yadda aka bayyana [z, ð] a cikin murya ko yanayin hanci.

Sautin sautin

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A gaba Tsakiya Komawa
Kusa i iː u uː
Tsakanin ɛ ɛː ɔː
Bude a aː
  • I sautin da ba a rufe shi ba, /ɛ/ ko /ɔ/, suna kusa da sautin sautin da aka rufe kamar /i/ ko /u/ a cikin jituwa na sautin, ana jin su kamar yadda aka rufe [e, o].
Phoneme Allophone
/i/ [i], [ɨ~]
/a/ [a], [ə], [æ], [ɜ], [ɐ]
/u/ [u], [ʉ], [ʊ]

Wakilan sunaye

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wakilan Berta sune kamar haka:

Batun da aka yi amfani da shi Batun bayan magana Abubuwan da ke bayan magana
Na àl(ì) -lɪ́ɪ̀ -ɟì
kai (sg.) (à)ŋɡó -ŋó -ŋɡó
shi, ita, ɲìnè -né ɲìnè, -né
mu χàtâŋ -ŋàa χàtâŋ
kai (pl.) χàtú χátú χàtú
su mèrée mérée mèrée

Bayanan da aka ambata

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Berta". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

Bayanan littattafai

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  • Torben Andersen. "Abubuwan da ke tattare da ilimin sauti na Berta". Afrika und Übersee 76: shafi na 41-80. 
  • Torben Andersen. "Absolutive and Nominative in Berta". ed. Nicolai & Rottland, Na biyar Nilo-Saharan Linguistics Colloquium. Nice, 24-29 ga watan Agusta 1992. Ayyuka. (Nila da Sahara 10). Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag. 1995. shafi na 36-49. 
  • Mista Lionel Bender "Berta Lexicon". A cikin Bender (ed.), Topics in Nilo-Saharan Linguistics (Nilo-Sacharan 3), shafuffuka na 271-304.  Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag 1989.
  • E. Cerulli "Harsunan Berta guda uku a yammacin Habasha", Afirka, 1947.
  • Susanne Neudorf & Andreas Neudorf: Bertha - Turanci - Amharic Dictionary. Addis Ababa: Shirin Ci gaban Harshe na Benishangul-Gumuz 2007.
  • A. N. Tucker & M. A. Bryan. Nazarin Harshe: Harsunan da ba Bantu ba na Arewa maso gabashin Afirka . London: Jami'ar Oxford Press 1966.
  • A. Triulzi, A. A. Dafallah, da M. L. Bender. "Berta". A cikin Bender (ed.), Harsunan da ba na Semitic na Habasha ba. East Lansing, Michigan: Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka, Jami'ar Jihar Michigan 1976, shafi na 513-532. 

Haɗin waje

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]