Harshen Nuaulu

Nuaulu
Native to	Indonesia (Maluku Islands)
Region	Seram
Native speakers	(2,000 cited 1990–1995)
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian (MP) Central–Eastern MP Central Maluku East Central Maluku Nunusaku Patakai–Manusela Sawai–Nuaulu Nuaulu
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Either: nxl – South nni – North
Glottolog	nuau1240

Nuaulu yare ne na asali a Tsibirin Seram Island a Indonesia, kuma Mutanen Nuaulu suna magana da shi. Harshen ya kasu kashi biyu, yaren arewa da na kudanci, tsakanin su akwai shingen sadarwa. Yaren Nuaulu aka ambata a wannan shafin shine yaren kudanci, kamar yadda aka bayyana a Bolton 1991.

cikin 1991, binciken da aka yi a wasu ƙauyuka na bakin teku na Kudancin Seram ya nuna cewa a lokacin akwai kusan masu magana da yaren Kudancin 1000.

Addini yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kididdigar harshe. Wadanda suka manne wa ayyukan addini na asali suna amfani da yaren asali, yayin da waɗanda suka tuba zuwa wani addini suna amfani da Ambonese Malay, yaren da ake buƙata don dalilai na ilimi, sau da yawa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda rarrabewar addini, ya raba addinin gargajiya na gida daga wasu ta hanyar aika masu aikatawa zuwa wani yanki mai zaman kansa na ƙauyen. Wannan yana rage amfani Nuaulu a cikin ɓangaren da aka raba na babban ƙauyen.

Fasahar sauti

Fonoems

cikin ƙungiyar yaren Malayo-Polynesian ta Tsakiya-Gabas, Nuaulu tana da ƙarancin phonemes, tare da jimlar ƙididdigar 16, waɗanda aka gabatar a cikin teburin don consonants da wasula da ke ƙasa.

Ma'anar

	Labari	Alveolar	Velar	Gishiri
Tsayawa	p	t	k
Hanci	m	n
Rashin jituwa		s		h
Flapes		l
Yankunan gefe		r
Semivowels	w	j

Sautin

	A gaba	Tsakiya	Komawa
Babba	i		u
Tsakanin	da kuma		o
Ƙananan		a

Nuaulu kuma tana da tsayawa, amma Bolton (1991) ya dauke shi ba sauti ba. Ana ganin shi galibi a farkon kalma, yana ɗaukar wurin ma'ana.

Fonotactics

Nuaulu ya bi tsarin syllable (C) V (N), kuma mafi yawan haɗuwa da wannan tsarin syllabe suna da kyau. Akwai wasu banbanci ga wannan tsari; ana iya amfani da syllable N da kansa, kuma consonants [w] da [y] suna da ƙuntatawa. Binciken Rosemary Ann Bolton (1991) ya kammala cewa halin da ake ciki game da syllable N ya faru "kawai a matsayin syllable na farko na kalma wanda ke da jimla biyu ko fiye. " A cikin 1991, binciken ƙamus na Nuaulu ya nuna cewa babu kalmomi inda tsarin syllable CV yana da ma'anar [w] tare da babban wasali. [y] [y] yayi kama da wannan, inda ba ya haɗuwa da babban wasali [i] a cikin tsarin CV. [y], [y] yana aiki tare da [u].

Yanayin Yanayi

Nuaulu ba ta da adjectives, amma ana amfani da sunaye da aikatau don maye gurbin aikinsu. A mafi yawan lokuta, waɗannan sunaye ne sabanin aikatau. "Adjectives" ba su da wasu kaddarorin na musamman ban da kasancewa mai bayyanawa; suna aiki iri ɗaya da sauran sunaye / kalmomi.

Kalmomin

Nuaulu yana bin daidaitattun nau'ikan kalma masu wucewa da marasa wucewa, tare da ƙari ga kalmomin da ke tsaye. Kalmomin a Nuaulu suma suna ƙarƙashin juyawa. Canjin yana faruwa da shiga da adadin.

Magana Verb Proclitics

		Mai banbanci	Yawancin mutane
Mutum na farko	Na Musamman	u-	a-
	Haɗuwa		i-
Mutum na biyu		a-	o-
Mutum na Uku	tare da Mutum	i-	o-
	ba tare da Mutum ba	(e) sake-	(e) ra-

Lura cewa mutum na farko mai ban sha'awa mai suna proclitic da mutum na biyu mai suna proclic iri ɗaya ne. Wannan prolitic, tare da sauran prolitics da ake raba tsakanin ra'ayoyi biyu, ana iya amfani da su don wakiltar ra'ayi ɗaya ko ɗayan. 'ayi na mai gabatar da kara yana nunawa an rarrabe shi ne kawai bisa ga amfani da kalmar dangane da dukan jumlar.