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Harshen Tungag

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Harshen Tungag
'Yan asalin magana
12,000 (1990)
9,500 (1981)
Baƙaƙen boko
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-1 no value
ISO 639-2 no value
ISO 639-3 lcm
Glottolog tung1290[1]


Tungag, ko Lavongai, yare ne na Austronesian na Lardin New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, wanda ke New Hanover, sunan asalinsa shine Lavongai

Tun da Lavongai yare ne na Austronesian, yana bin halaye na musamman na wannan rukuni na harshe. Misalan sun haɗa da takamaiman nau'i don mutum ɗaya, biyu, gwaji da jam'i, bayyanar sanin idan an haɗa ko cire mutumin da aka yi magana da shi a cikin sau biyu, gwaji kuma jam'i da yawa, da kuma ma'anar ma'anar mallaka da aka bayyana ta hanyar ƙarshen da aka kara wa sunan. , ba kamar yarukan da ake magana a Papua New Guinea ba, ba a karɓa ba kuma an haɗa shi da wasu harsuna.

Ana magana da shi a tsibirin New Hanover da tsibirai makwabta. Akwai yare daban-daban na yaren Lavongai. Babban bambanci tsakanin yarukan harshe yana tsakanin ƙauyukan kudancin gabar teku da ƙauyuka daga gefen yamma zuwa tsibirai a gefen arewa. ila yau, akwai ƙananan bambance-bambance tsakanin ƙauyuka, amma ba shi da babban tasiri a kan sadarwa tsakanin waɗannan ƙauyuka.

Matsayinta mai haɗari (bisa ga Ethnologue) shine 5, wanda ke nufin harshe ne da ake amfani dashi akai-akai, don haka babu tsoron cewa zai kasance cikin haɗari, amma ba a dauke shi babban harshen New Guinea ba.

Fasahar sauti

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Lissafin sauti na harshen Tungag: [2]

Sauti na ma'ana
Labari Alveolar Velar
Plosive ba tare da murya ba p pː t tː k kː
murya / sautin b d g ɡː
Hanci m mː n nː ŋːŋ
Rhotic r
Fricative ba tare da murya ba Sanya s sː (x, ɣ)
murya β v
Hanyar gefen l lː

/x, ɣ/ sune allophones na /k, ɡ/ .

Sauti na sautin
A gaba Komawa
Babba i u
Tsakanin ɛ Zuwa Owu
Ƙananan Ƙarshen

Tsarin sauti

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

(Lura: Wadannan nassoshi ba su haɗa da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ba)  

Harshen haruffa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin harshen Lavongai, akwai haruffa 21 - wasula shida da ƙamus goma sha biyar. W haruffa sune a, b, d, e, f, g, h, i, k, l, m, n, ŋ, o, p, r, s, t, u, v.

Sautin sautin

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin harshen Lavongai, akwai wasula shida: a, e, i, o, u, ʌ .

The /ʌ/ is pronounced as the /uh/ in butter. The other vowels, /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/, are pronounced the same as their pronunciation in the Latin language. Thus they all can be pronounced as a long vowel or a short vowel. However, the /i/ retains its /i/ sound unlike the Latin language, in which the /i/ is pronounced as /y/ if the i is behind another vowel.

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

cikin harshen Lavongai, akwai ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta 15: b, d, f, g, h, k, l, m, n, ŋ, p, r, s, t, v.

Za'a iya maye gurbin / share consonants da yawa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wasu suna 'akari da hf f da h a cikin haruffa, amma wasu ba su yi ba.

Haraf f yawanci ana iya maye gurbinsa da harafin p.

  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Tungag". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Karin E. Fast. 2015. Spatial language in Tungag. (Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, 4.) Canberra: Asia-Pacific Linguistics.