Harshen gtaʼ
Harshen Gtaʼ (kuma Gataʼ, Gataʔ, da Gtaʔ), wanda aka fi sani da Gta Asa, Didei ko Didayi (
Yana da sananne ga sautin sesquisyllabic da tsarin lambobi na vigesimal.
Yawan jama'a[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Mutane ,000 ne ke magana da Gtaʼ da farko a Gundumar Malkangiri, Odisha da kuma yankunan da ke kusa da Gundumar Koraput. A cewar Anderson (2008), kasa da mutane 4,500 ne ke magana da shi.
Ethnologue ya ba da rahoton wurare masu zuwa:
- Odisha (ƙauyuka 47): Kudumulgumma block da Chitrakonda block na Gundumar Koraput da Gundumar Malkangiri, kudu da Bondo Hills; wasu a cikin Khairput block
- Gundumar Godavari ta Gabas, Andhra Pradesh
Rarraba da yaruka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Harshen Gtaʼ na cikin rukunin Munda na Kudu na reshen Munda na dangin yaren Austroasiatic. A cikin Kudancin Munda, Gtaʼ galibi ana ɗaukarsa reshe na farko daga wani maɓallin da ya haɗa da yarukan Remo da Gutob; wannan rukuni na Kudancin Kudancin da aka sani da Gutob-Remo-Gataq. Yana bambanci da bambanci a cikin wannan reshe.
Gtaʼ yana da manyan nau'o'i biyu, wato Filayen Gtaʼ da Hill Gtaʼ .
Fasahar sauti[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Gtaʼ yana da wasula 5 /a, e, i, o, u/, kuma wani lokacin wasula ta shida /æ/. Ga wannan za a iya ƙara takwarorinsu da yawa: /ã, õ, ũ/ kuma wani lokacin /ĩ/ . Gtaʼ yana da waɗannan ƙwayoyin:
| Biyuwa | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Gishiri | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dakatar da | <small id="mwXA">ba tare da murya ba</small> | p | [t] | Sanya | c | k | ʔ |
| <small id="mwbA">murya</small> | b | [d] | Abin da ya faru | ɟ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | s | h | |||||
| Hanci | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Kusanci | l | ||||||
| Flap | ɾ | Sanya | |||||
Harshen harshe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Sunaye[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Sun a cikin Gtaʼ suna da alama da farko don shari'a, lamba da mallaka.
Har ila yau, sunaye suna da siffofi biyu, ɗayan cikakkiyar tsari, ɗayan kuma gajeren tsari. Wadannan na ƙarshe suna faruwa ne kawai lokacin da aka haɗa sunan tare da wani suna ko aikatau don dalilai na asali, kuma saboda haka ana kiransu "haɗin siffofi". Hanyar haɗuwa yawanci ta haɗa da cire wani adadi ko taƙaita sunan ta wata hanya.
| Hanyar kyauta | Haɗuwa da nau'i | Haske |
|---|---|---|
| ncu | -cu- | mai |
| gsi | -si- | louse |
| gbe | -zama- | bear |
| gnar | -gar- | Yankin bamboo |
| remwa | -sake- | mutum |