Jean-Pierre de Charit
Jean-Pierre de Casamajor de Charritte (ko Charitte,Charite ; Satumba 1648 - 17 Oktoba 1723) wani mai kula da mulkin mallaka na Faransa ne wanda ya kasance gwamnan rikon kwarya na Saint-Domingue sau biyu a lokacin Yaƙin maye gurbin Mutanen Espanya (1701-1714).
Iyali[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Casamajor de Charritte tsohon Basque - dangin Béarnaise ne.Kakansa Guicharnaud de Casamajor, wani notary wanda ya zama ma'aji kuma mai karɓar janar na Masarautar Navarre,Henry III na Navarre ya karɓe shi a cikin 1583,wanda daga baya ya zama Henry IV na Faransa . Kakansa Josué de Casamajor ya auri Jeanne de Charritte a shekara ta 1608.[1]Yana ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya takwas na Isaac de Casamajor de Charritte da Marie de Maytie.[2] Jean-Pierre de Casamajor de Charritte an haife shi a cikin château de Charritte kuma ya yi masa baftisma a ranar 10 ga Satumba 1648 a cocin cocin Charritte.[2]
Aikin farko (1673-1705)[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Charritte ya shiga Gardes de la Marine yana da shekaru 25,kuma ya yi yakin neman zabe tare da su a Kanada, a gabar tekun Afirka da tsibirin Leeward.[1]Ya zama alamar jirgin ruwa ( enseigne de vaisseau ) a cikin Janairu 1689,kuma bayan dogon lokaci a cikin teku an ci gaba da zama laftanar a ranar 1 ga Yuni 1693.A shekara ta gaba aka ba shi umarni na jirgin ruwa na sarki Lutin tare da umarnin ya yi tafiya a cikin Île d'Yeu .[2]
Yayin da yake jagorantar rundunar Lutin,an umarce shi da ya raka ayarin jirgin ruwa kusan 150.Wani jirgin ruwan kasar Holland ne daga Vlissingen na cannons 22 da kuma kwarya-kwaryan sifaniya guda biyu na igwa 10-12 kowanne.[2]Sau uku ta hanyar sauri da ƙwararrun motsa jiki Charitte ya guje wa shiga. A harin na hudu,wanda shi ma aka fatattaki,harbin falconet ya ratsa wuyan Carritte daga gefe zuwa gefe,kuma an karye masa kafada da muƙamuƙinsa da wuta daga musket.Daga wannan ranar, Charritte na iya hadiye abinci mai ruwa kawai.Sai dai ya ceci ayarin motocin.[2]An kai labari na bajintar makamai da sauri zuwa kotun Faransa a Versailles,inda a ranar 1 ga Janairu 1697 Sarki Louis XIV na Faransa ya ba Carritte fansho na shekara-shekara na 500.[2]
Bayan 'yan watanni Charritte aka nada shi a matsayin Laftanar sarki a tsibirin Saint Croix,kuma an ba shi umarni na Pressante,wani jirgin ruwa mai dauke da bindigogi 12 da ma'aikatan jirgin 50.Da farko an umarce shi da ya kare wani muhimmin ayari na jiragen ruwa daga La Rochelle zuwa Bordeaux.[2] An ga jiragen ruwa guda uku suna tashi daga tutocin kasashen waje a ranar farko ta tafiyar.Charitt ta faɗi a baya don yin maganin su.Ɗayan jirgin ruwa ne mai ɗauke da igwa 22 da mutum 100,sauran biyun kuma ƴan kwarya-kwarya ne,ɗaya yana da igwa guda 8 da mutane 70,ɗayan kuma yana da igwa 6 da mutum sittin.[3] Charitte ya yi tir da harin da aka yi wa ’yan sandan uku,duk da cewa an fi su da yawa,kuma sun kunna wuta mai tsanani lokacin da suka yi yunkurin rufewa sau uku.An tunkude su kowane lokaci, kuma a ƙarshe sun rabu.[3]A shawarar Louis Phélypeaux,comte de Pontchartrain, Charitte an yi masa ado da Order of Saint Louis don wannan aikin sojan ruwa.[3][lower-alpha 1]
A 1698 Charritte ta auri Marie Louise de La Doubart de Beaumanoir. Suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu.[1]Charritte ya ɗauki mukaminsa a matsayin hafsan sarki a tsibirin Saint Croix.[2]Sa'an nan kuma aka nada shi laftanar sarki a Tortuga da Le Cap .[5]
Gwamnan riko na Saint-Domingue (1705-1707)[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Lua error a Module:Location_map/multi, layi na 27: Unable to find the specified location map definition: "Module:Location map/data/Haiti" does not exist. Charles Auger,gwamnan Saint-Domingue,ya mutu a Léogâne a ranar 13 ga Oktoba 1705.[5] Charite ya karbi mulki a matsayin gwamna na wucin gadi.[6]A cikin 1706,duk da Faransa da Spain suna yaƙi,Faransawa da Mutanen Espanya a Santo Domingo sun kasance tare cikin lumana.[6] Ministan ya rubuta wa Charitte yana gaya masa ya daina kasuwanci tare da Mutanen Espanya ta amfani da ƙananan jiragen ruwa na Holland daga Curacao . Nasarar d'Iberville da Chavagnac a cikin farmakin da suka kai a Saint Kitts da Nevis na iya sa turawa su kai hari,kuma Charitte ya kamata ya ɗauki duk matakan da ake buƙata don shirya don tsayayya da su.[6]A wannan lokacin Charitte na fama da matsala wajen magance tashe-tashen hankula a yankin da ya biyo bayan mutuwar Auger.Charitte yana da yanayi mai ban sha'awa, kuma ya shiga cikin wasu zamba na kasuwanci,wanda ya haifar da gunaguni a kansa.[6]
D'Iberville ya isa Léogane kuma ya sami 'yan buccaneers a can suna shirye su kai hari Jamaica,amma ya mutu a Havana a watan Yuli 1706 kafin ya sami damar aiwatar da wannan shirin.Chavitte ya iyakance kansa da wasu matakan kare gabar tekun Saint-Domingue daga turawan Ingilishi.Ya kuma karfafa masu bukatu da su kai wa turawan hari.[6]A cikin 1706 ya ba wa mai zaman kansa mai shekaru 20 Pierre Morpain amanar umarnin Intrépide.[7][lower-alpha 2]Daga baya ya shiga rikici tare da Pierre Morpain da buccaneers lokacin da ya kama wani jirgin ruwa da Morpain ya kama kuma ya sake sayar da shi da riba mai yawa.[1]
François-Joseph,comte de Choiseul-Beaupré an nada shi gwamna a ranar 1 ga Agusta 1706,kuma majalisar Le Cap ta karbe shi a ranar 28 ga Disamba [5].kimanta kudaden sannan ake amfani da su a tsibirin,wanda dole ne a mika shi ga minista don warwarewa.Ya kuma yi rigima da Charitte,wacce ta kai kara ga ministar.Wataƙila za a tuna da Choiseuil idan ba don dangantakarsa a kotu ba.[6]
Gwamnan riko na Saint-Domingue (1711-1712)[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A ranar 22 ga Satumba 1710 aka tuna da Choisel kuma aka nada Laurent de Valernod gwamnan riko.An karbe shi a Le Cap ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1711. Ya mutu a Petit-Goâve a ranar 24 ga Mayu 1711,kuma Charite ya sake zama gwamnan rikon kwarya na Saint-Domingue.A ranar 1 ga Satumba 1711 aka nada Charite gwamnan Martinique. Ya ƙi mulkin Martinique don ya iya kula da gonar sa a Saint-Domingue.[6]A ranar 1 ga Satumba 1711 Nicolas de Gabaret (1641-1712) an nada shi gwamnan Saint-Domingue a madadin Choiseul,amma bai dauki tayin ba kuma ya mutu a Martinique a ranar 25 ga Yuni 1712.Sannan aka nada Paul-François de La Grange d'Arquien gwamnan riko a ranar 18 ga Yuni 1712 kuma majalisar Le Cap ta karbe shi a ranar 29 ga Agusta 1712.[5]Charitte ya sami kansa ba shi da aikin yi.[6]
A cikin 1716 an nada Charitt a matsayin mukaddashin gwamna janar na Saint-Domingue,kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har mutuwarsa.[1] Charritte ya mutu a ranar 17 ga Oktoba 1723 yana da shekaru 75.[1] [8] Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye ya gaje shi a matsayin gwamnan Saint Croix da Le Cap.A cewar Médéric Louis Élie Moreau de Saint-Méry, Charritte ya kasance mai laushi kuma sananne,abokin gaba na rashin tausayi, amma halinsa ya lalace ta hanyar rashin jin dadi.
Bayanan kula[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Communay, in the Revue de Gascogne: bulletin bimestrial de la Société historique de Gascogne (1889), gives accounts of two battles, one in the Lutin and the second in the Pressante.[4] In both, he was escorting a convoy and was attacked by a 22-gun frigate and two corvettes. It seems possible that there was a single battle.
- ↑ While cruising on the New England coast in 1707 Morpain captured a slave ship and the merchant frigate Bonetta, which was loaded with food. He towed his prizes into Port-Royal harbor in Nova Scotia on 13 August 1707. The delivery of food was an important factor in letting the garrison hold out against an Anglo-American assault. The Intrépide left for Saint-Domingue on 20 September 1707, since Morpain wanted to sell his cargo of slaves.[7]