Kashta
 Kashta | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||
| |||||
| Rayuwa | |||||
| Haihuwa | 8 century "BCE" | ||||
| ƙasa |
Kush (en)  Sudan | ||||
| Mutuwa | 745 "BCE" | ||||
| Makwanci |
El-Kurru (en) | ||||
| Ƴan uwa | |||||
| Abokiyar zama |
Pebatjma (en) | ||||
| Yara |
view
| ||||
| Sana'a | |||||
| Sana'a |
statesperson (en) | ||||
Kashta shi ne karni na 8 KZ sarkin daular Kushite a tsohuwar Nubia kuma magajin Alara . Sunansa k3š-t3 (an fassara shi da Kashta, mai yiyuwa ana kiransa /kuʔʃi-taʔ/ ) "ƙasar Kush" ana fassara ta kai tsaye da "Kushite". [1] Piye ne ya gaje shi, wanda zai ci gaba da cinye ƙasar Masar ta dā kuma ya kafa daular Ashirin da biyar a can.
Iyali
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana tunanin Kashta ko dai dan'uwan magajinsa ne Alara, ko kuma ba shi da alaka. Dukansu Alara da Kashta an yi zaton sun auri kannensu. Wadannan ra'ayoyin sun samo asali ne daga aikin Dunham da Macadam, amma Morkot ya nuna cewa babu wata bayyananniyar shaida da za ta goyi bayan waɗannan zato.
Matar Kashta daya tilo da aka sani ita ce Pebatjma . An rubuta yara da yawa da yara masu yuwuwa:
- Sarki Piye - Tunanin zama ɗan Kashta. Yiwuwa ɗan Pebatjma
- Sarki Shabaka - An ambace shi a matsayin ɗan'uwan Amenirdis I, don haka ɗan Kashta da Pebatjma. [2] [3]
- Sarauniya Khensa - Matar Piye, ana tunanin ita 'yar Kashta ce [3] kuma mai yiwuwa Pebatjma. [2]
- Sarauniya Peksater (ko Pekareslo) - An yi auren Piye kuma an binne ta a Abydos . Wataƙila ta mutu yayin da take raka Piye a yaƙin neman zaɓe zuwa Masar. Laming da Macadam sun ba da shawarar cewa ita 'yar Pebatjma ce. [4]
- Matar Allah Amun Amenirdis I. Wani mutum-mutumi na Amenirdis ya ambaci ita 'yar Kashta da Pebatjma ce.
- Neferukakashta - Tunanin zama 'yar Kashta [3] kuma mai yiwuwa Pebatjma. [2]
Mulkin Kushite na Upper Egypt a karkashin Kashta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yayin da Kashta ke mulkin Nubia daga Napata, wanda shine 400 km arewa da Khartoum, babban birnin kasar Sudan ta zamani, ya kuma yi wani gagarumin iko a kan Upper Egypt ta hanyar sarrafa 'yarsa, Amenirdis I, a matsayin matar Allah na Amun a Thebes a cikin layin don ya gaji hidimar Divine Adoratrice na Amun, Shepenupet I, Osorkon III 'yar. Wannan ci gaban shi ne "muhimmin lokacin da ake aiwatar da tsawaita ikon Kushi'a a kan yankunan Masar" a karkashin mulkin Kashta tun lokacin da ya halasta mamaye yankin Thebaid a hukumance. [5] Masanin Kushite na Hungary, László Török, ya lura cewa tabbas an riga an riga an riga an kafa sansanin Kushite a Thebes kanta a lokacin mulkin Kashta duka don kare ikon wannan sarki akan Upper Masar da kuma dakile yiwuwar mamaye yankin nan gaba daga Ƙasar Masar . [6]
Török ya lura cewa bayyanar Kashta a matsayin Sarkin Sama da Ƙasar Masar da kuma mamaye Upper Masar cikin lumana ana nuna su duka biyu "ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa zuriyar Osorkon III, Takelot III da Rudamun sun ci gaba da samun babban matsayi a Thebes a rabi na biyu na mulkin mallaka. na 8th da a farkon rabin karni na 7th" [BCE] kamar yadda aka nuna ta wurin binne su a wannan birni da kuma ayyukan haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Divine Adoratrice Shepenupet I da Matar Allah ta Amun Zaɓaɓɓen Amenirdis I, 'yar Kashta. [7] An samo wani stela daga zamanin Kashta a Elephantine ( Aswan na yau) - a haikalin gida da aka keɓe ga allahn Khnum - wanda ya tabbatar da ikonsa na wannan yanki. [8] Yana ɗauke da sunansa na sarauta ko prenomen: Nimaatre . Masana ilimin Masar a yau sun gaskata cewa ko dai shi ko fiye da haka Piye shi ne Sarkin Nubian na shekara ta 12 da aka ambata a cikin wani sanannen rubutu a Wadi Gasus wanda ke danganta Adoratice god's Amun, Amenirdis, ɗiyar Kashta tare da Shekara 19 na hidimar Matar Allah ta Amun., Shepenupet. Ba a san tsawon mulkin Kashta ba. Wasu majiyoyin suna danganta Kashta a matsayin wanda ya kafa daular 25 tun lokacin da ya kasance sarkin Kushi na farko da aka sani ya fadada ikon mulkinsa zuwa Upper Masar. [9] Karkashin mulkin Kashta, al'ummar Kushit na masarautarsa, da ke tsakanin Cataracts na uku da na hudu na kogin Nilu, sun zama 'Masar' cikin hanzari kuma suka rungumi al'adun Masar, addini da al'adun Masar. [10] Magajin Kashta shine Piye.
Binne
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dala na el-Kurru sun ƙunshi kaburburan Kashta da da yawa daga cikin magajinsa. Mafi girman ɓangaren makabartar ya ƙunshi kaburburan tumulu 4 (Tum.1,2,4 da 5). A gabashin kaburburan tumulus muna samun jeri na akalla dala takwas. Daya daga cikinsu ya yi kutsawa wani bangare a kan kabarin tumulu (Tum.19). Kudanci na wannan layin dala na Kashta ne (mai yiwuwa ga) matarsa Pebatjma. Kafin wannan jere akwai wani layi na dala wanda ya haɗa da na Piye, Shabaka da Tanutamani .</br> Zuwa kudancin dala (wanda ake zaton) na Pebatjma dole ne mutum ya haye warin kudu don isa ga dala ta kudu. Waɗannan su ne dala na Sarauniya: Naparaye (K.3), Khensa (K.4), Qalhata (K.5), da Arty (K.6). [11]
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Sitting mutum-mutumi na Divine Adoratrice na Amun, Amenardis I, 'yar Fir'auna Kashta da Sarauniya Pebatjma. Gidan kayan tarihi na Alkahira (CG 42198) -
Misira - Situla Mai kungiyoyin da suna Kashta da Amenirdis -
Rubutun Scarab Tare da Cartouches na Kashta da Amenirdis MET EG124
Nassoshi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Nicholas Grimal, A History of Ancient Egypt (Oxford: Blackwell Books), 1992.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Aidan Dodson & Dyan Hilton: The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedMorkot - ↑ Dows Dunham and M. F. Laming Macadam, Names and Relationships of the Royal Family of Napata, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol.
- ↑ László Török, The Kingdom of Kush: Handbook of the Napatan-Meroitic Civilization.
- ↑ Török, p.150
- ↑ Török, p.149
- ↑ Grimal, p.335
- ↑ The New Encyclopædia Britannica: Micropædia, Vol.8, 15th edition, 2003.
- ↑ Britannica, p.817
- ↑ D. M. Dixon, The Origin of the Kingdom of Kush (Napata-Meroë), The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol.
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