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Kifi

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Kifi
Scientific classification
KingdomAnimalia
SubkingdomBilateria (mul) Bilateria
PhylumChordata
SubphylumVertebrata (mul) Vertebrata
class (en) Fassara Pisces
,
General information
Movement fish locomotion (en) Fassara da ninƙaya
Tsatso Kifi a cikin Abinci, roe (en) Fassara, cod liver oil (en) Fassara, fish intestine (en) Fassara, umi no foagura (en) Fassara, shagreen (en) Fassara, fish tail (en) Fassara da fish fossil (en) Fassara
Habitat Jikin Ruwa, fresh water (en) Fassara, ocean (en) Fassara, brackish water (en) Fassara, open water (en) Fassara, deep sea (en) Fassara, river ecosystem (en) Fassara da lake ecosystem (en) Fassara

Kifi dabba ce mai ƙusa, mai suna anamniotic, mai ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta tare da fuka-fukan rayuwa da gashin kai mai wuya, amma ba shi da gaɓoɓin da ke da lambobi. Ana iya haɗa kifi a cikin Kifi mara wutsiyar phylogenetics)" id="mwGQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Basal (phylogenetics)">asali da kifi mai ƙashi na yau da kullun, wanda ya haɗa da duk kifi mai rai da ƙashi, da kuma placoderms 'Yan Acanthodians. A cikin hutu daga doguwar al'adar haɗa dukkan kifaye a cikin aji ɗaya (Pisces), ilimin zamani na zamani yana kallon kifi a matsayin rukuni na paraphyletic wanda ya haɗa da dukkan dabbobi ban da tetrapods.

Yawancin kifaye suna da jini mai sanyi, zafin jikin su ya bambanta da ruwan da ke kewaye da su, kodayake wasu manyan Masu iyo masu aiki kamar fararen shark da tuna na iya kula da zafin jiki mafi girma. Kifi da yawa na iya sadarwa tare da juna, kamar a lokacin nune-nunen soyayya. Nazarin kifi an san shi da ichthyology .

Akwai fiye da nau'ikan kifi 33,000, sauƙin rukuni mafi girma na vertebrates kuma fiye da duk nau'ikan sauran nau'ikan gargajiya, wato amphibians, dabbobi masu rarrafe, tsuntsaye, da dabbobi masu shayarwa, hade. Yawancin kifi suna cikin aji Actinopterygii, kifin ray-finned, wanda ke da kusan rabin dukkan rayayyun dabbobi.

Kifi na farko ya bayyana a lokacin Cambrian a matsayin ƙananan masu ciyar da matattarar; sun ci gaba da canzawa ta hanyar Paleozoic, suna rarraba cikin siffofi da yawa. Kifi na farko tare da gills na numfashi da ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa, ostracoderms, suna da faranti na ƙasusuwa masu nauyi waɗanda suka yi aiki a matsayin ƙwayoyin kariya daga masu cin nama. Kifi na farko tare da jaw, placoderms, ya bayyana a cikin Silurian kuma ya bambanta sosai a lokacin Devonian, "Age of Fishes".

Kifi mai ƙashi, wanda aka rarrabe ta wurin kasancewar ƙwayoyin ruwa da kuma ƙwayoyin cuta daga baya, sun fito ne a matsayin babban rukuni na kifi bayanƘarshen Devonian ya shafe Masu cin nama, placoderms. Ana ci gaba da raba kifi na kasusuwa zuwa kifi na lobe-finned da ray-finned. Kimanin kashi 96% na dukkan nau'ikan kifi masu rai a yau sune teleosts- Ƙungiya kambi na kifi mai fuka-fuki wanda zai iya fitowa daga jawansu. tetrapods, mafi yawan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙasa waɗanda suka mamaye matakan trophic a cikin yanayin ruwa da na ƙasa tun daga Late Paleozoic, sun samo asali ne daga kifi mai laushi a lokacin Carboniferous, suna haɓaka huhu mai numfashi daidai da na ruwa.

Kifi ya kasance muhimmiyar albarkatun halitta ga mutane tun zamanin da ba a san su ba, musamman a matsayin abinci. Masu kamun kifi na Kasuwanci da na rayuwa gona girbe kifi a cikin kamun kifin daji ko noma su a cikin tafkuna ko gidaje masu kiwo a cikin teku. Ana kama kifi don nishaɗi ko kuma Masu kifi suna kiwon su a matsayin kayan ado don nune-nunen masu zaman kansu da na jama'a a cikin akwatunan kifaye da tafkunan lambu. Kifi sun taka rawa a Al'adun ɗan adam ta hanyar shekaru, suna aiki a matsayin alloli, alamomin addini, kuma a matsayin batutuwan fasaha, littattafai da fina-finai.

Kalmar kifi ta samo asali ne daga Proto-Jamusanci, kuma tana da alaƙa da Jamusanci Fisch, Latin piscis, da Tsohon Irish īasc, kodayake ainihin tushen ba a sani ba; wasu hukumomi sun sake gina tushen Proto-Indo-Turai *peysk-, wanda aka tabbatar kawai a cikin Italic, Celtic, da Jamusancin. [1] [2][3]

Kodayake sau da yawa ana amfani da su sau da yawa, a cikin ilmin halitta 'Kifi' da 'Kifi' suna da ma'anoni daban-daban. Ana amfani da kifi a matsayin sunan mutum ɗaya, ko kuma a matsayin jam'i don bayyana mutane da yawa daga jinsin guda ɗaya. Ana amfani da kifi don bayyana nau'o'i daban-daban ko nau'o-nau'in.[4]  

Dunkleosteus babban makami ne na Devonian, c. 400 mya.

Kimanin shekaru miliyan 530 da suka gabata a lokacin Cambrian_explosion" id="mwrg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cambrian explosion">Fashewar Cambrian, dabbobi masu kama da kifi tare da notochord da idanu a gaban jiki, kamar Haikouichthys, sun bayyana a cikin tarihin burbushin.[5] A lokacin marigayi Cambrian, wasu siffofin da ba su da jaw kamar conodonts sun bayyana.[6][7]

  1. "DWDS – Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache". DWDS (in Jamusanci). Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 2023-01-21.
  2. "fish, n.1". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-01-21.
  3. Empty citation (help)
  4. Helfman, Collette & Facey 1997.
  5. Shu, D. G.; Conway Morris, S.; Han, J.; Zhang, Z. F.; Yasui, K.; Janvier, P.; et al. (2003). "Head and backbone of the Early Cambrian vertebrate Haikouichthys". Nature. 421 (6922): 526–529. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..526S. doi:10.1038/nature01264. PMID 12556891. S2CID 4401274.
  6. Donoghue, Philip C. J.; Purnell, Mark A. (2009). "The Evolutionary Emergence of Vertebrates From Among Their Spineless Relatives". Evolution: Education and Outreach. 2 (2): 204–212. doi:10.1007/s12052-009-0134-3.
  7. Miller, James F.; Clark, D. L. (1984). "Cambrian and earliest Ordovician conodont evolution, biofacies, and provincialism". Geological Society of America Special Paper. Geological Society of America Special Papers. 196 (196): 43–68. doi:10.1130/SPE196-p43. ISBN 978-0-8137-2196-5.