Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross da Red Crescent ta kasa da kasa

Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross da Red Crescent ta kasa da kasa
The power of humanity, Le pouvoir de l'humanité da O poder da humanidade
Bayanai
Gajeren suna	IRCRCM
Iri	international non-governmental organization (en) da aid agency (en)
Ƙasa	Switzerland
Aiki
Ma'aikata	300,000
Mulki
Hedkwata	Geneva (en) da Switzerland
Subdivisions	Kungiyar Agaji Ta Red Cross Ta Duniya Kungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya Ta Bada Agajin Gaggawa national Red Cross and Red Crescent society (en)
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira	17 ga Faburairu, 1863
Wanda ya samar	Henry Dunant (en) Théodore Maunoir (en) Gustave Moynier (en) Guillaume Henri Dufour (mul) Louis Appia (en)
Awards received	Nobel Peace Prize  (1917) Nobel Peace Prize  (1944) Nobel Peace Prize  (1963) Four Freedoms Award – Freedom Medal  (2014)
icrc.org

motocin red cross

Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross da Red Crescent ta kasa da kasa kungiya ce ta jin kai tare da masu aikin sa kai kusan miliyan 97, membobi da ma'aikata a duk duniya. An kafa ta ne don kare rayuwar ɗan adam da lafiyar ɗan adam, don tabbatar da mutunta kowane ɗan adam, da kuma hanawa da rage radadin ɗan adam. A cikinsa akwai ƙungiyoyi daban-daban guda uku waɗanda ke da 'yancin kansu daga juna bisa doka, amma sun haɗu a cikin motsi ta hanyar ka'idoji, manufofi, alamomi, dokoki da ƙungiyoyi masu mulki.

Tarihi

Foundation

Red Cross, bayan yakin Gravelotte a 1870

Henry Dunant, marubucin A Memory of Solferino

Har zuwa tsakiyar karni na goma sha tara, babu wani tsari ko ingantacciyar tsarin kula da aikin jinya na sojojin da aka kashe, ko cibiyoyin tsaro ko kariya, don daukar da jinyar wadanda suka jikkata a fagen fama. Wani mai kishin addinin Calvin, dan kasuwa dan kasar Switzerland Jean-Henri Dunant ya tafi kasar Italiya domin ganawa da Sarkin Faransa Napoleon na III a watan Yunin shekarar 1859 da nufin tattauna matsalolin gudanar da kasuwanci a kasar Aljeriya wadda a lokacin Faransa ta mamaye. Ya isa ƙaramin garin Solferino a yammacin ranar 24 ga watan Yuni bayan yakin Solferino, yaƙin Austro-Sardinian. A cikin kwana guda, kusan sojoji 40,000 daga bangarorin biyu sun mutu ko kuma aka bar su da rauni a filin yaki. Dunant ya kadu da munin abin da ya biyo bayan yakin, da irin wahalar da sojojin da suka samu raunuka suka sha, da kuma karancin kulawar likitoci da kuma kulawa ta yau da kullum. Ya yi watsi da ainihin manufar tafiyarsa gaba ɗaya kuma ya kwashe kwanaki da yawa yana ba da kansa don taimakawa da jiyya da kula da wadanda suka jikkata. Ya dauki nauyin shirya wani gagarumin taimakon agaji tare da mutanen kauyen don taimakawa ba tare da nuna bambanci ba.

"Kwamitin Biyar": Gustave Moynier, Guillaume-Henri Dufour, Henry Dunant, Louis Appia, Théodore Maunoir

Tunatarwa na tunawa da farkon amfani da alamar Red Cross a cikin rikici na makamai a lokacin yakin Dybbøl (Denmark) a 1864; Ƙungiyoyin Red Cross na ƙasa na Denmark da Jamus sun kafa a cikin 1989 tare

Takardun asali na Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko, 1864

Komawa a gidansa a Geneva, ya yanke shawarar rubuta littafi mai suna A Memory of Solferino, wanda ya buga ta amfani da kuɗin kansa a 1862. Ya aika kwafin littafin zuwa ga manyan ’yan siyasa da na soja a ko’ina a Turai, kuma mutanen da yake ganin za su iya taimaka masa ya yi canji. Littafinsa ya haɗa da kwatancin abubuwan da ya faru a Solferino a cikin shekarar 1859, kuma ya fito fili ya ba da shawarar kafa ƙungiyoyin agaji na sa kai na ƙasa don taimakawa sojojin jinya da suka ji rauni a yanayin yaƙi, wahayi daga koyarwar Kirista game da alhakin zamantakewa da kwarewarsa bayan fagen fama na Solferino. Ya yi kira da a samar da wata yarjejeniya ta kasa da kasa da za ta ba da tabbacin kare lafiyar likitoci da asibitocin filin ga sojojin da suka samu raunuka a fagen fama.

Cross na Serbian Red Cross Society

A cikin shekarar 1863, Gustave Moynier, lauyan Geneva kuma shugaban kungiyar Geneva Society for Public Welfare, ya karbi kwafin littafin Dunant kuma ya gabatar da shi don tattaunawa a taron wannan al'umma. A sakamakon wannan tattaunawa ta farko, al'umma ta kafa kwamitin bincike don nazarin yiwuwar shawarwarin Dunant kuma a ƙarshe don shirya taron kasa da kasa game da yiwuwar aiwatar da su. Membobin wannan kwamiti, wanda daga baya aka kira shi "Kwamitin biyar", baya ga Dunant da Moynier likita ne Louis Appia, wanda ke da kwarewa mai mahimmanci a matsayin likitan tiyata; Abokin Appia kuma abokin aiki Théodore Maunoir, daga Hukumar Tsabtace da Lafiya ta Geneva; da Guillaume-Henri Dufour, wani janar na sojan Switzerland na babban mashahuri. Bayan kwanaki takwas, mutanen biyar sun yanke shawarar sauya sunan kwamitin zuwa "Kwamitin Taimakawa Masu Raunuka na Duniya".