Kusa da hangen nesa
| Kusa da hangen nesa | |
|---|---|
 | |
Description (en)  | |
| Iri |
Kuskuren ratsawa, Makanta cuta |
| Specialty (en) |
optometry (en) |
| Genetic association (en) |
SNTB1 (en) , VIPR2 (en) , PLPPR5-AS1 (en) , CAPN9 (en) , FHIT (en) , CLSTN2 (en) , DHX15 (en) , BMP6 (en) , SRPK2 (en) , PTPRN2 (en) , GATA4 (en) , PTPRD (en) , ABCA1 (en) , DENND1A (en) , TACC2 (en) , CNTN5 (en) , FLI1 (en) , PML (en) , DNAH9 (en) , ZNF536 (en) , SPTBN1 (en) , PARP8 (en) , CTNND2 (en) , PRIMPOL (en) , LRPAP1 (en) , SLC39A5 (en) , ZNF644 (en) , P3H2 (en) da SCO2 (en) |
| Identifier (en) | |
| ICD-10-CM | H52.1 |
| ICD-9-CM | 367.1 |
| OMIM | 160700, 255500, 300613, 310460, 603221, 608367, 608474, 608908, 609256, 609257, 609258, 609259, 609994, 609995, 610320, 612554, 612717, 613969, 614166, 614167, 615420, 615431 da 615946 |
| DiseasesDB | 8729 |
| MedlinePlus | 001023 |
| eMedicine | 001023 |
| MeSH | D009216 |
| Disease Ontology ID | DOID:11830 |
Kusa da hangen nesa, wanda kuma aka sani da gajeriyar hangen nesa da myopia, cuta ce ta ido inda haske ke mai da hankali a gaban, maimakon kan retina.[1][2] Wannan yana sa abubuwa masu nisa su zama dishi-dishi yayin da abubuwa kusa suke bayyana al'ada.[1] Sauran alamomin na iya haɗawa da ciwon kai da ciwon ido.[1] Matsanancin hangen nesa na kusa yana da alaƙa da ƙara haɗarin ɓarnawar ido, cataracts, da glaucoma.[2]
An yi imanin dalilin da ya haifar da haɗuwa da kwayoyin halitta da abubuwan muhalli.[2] Abubuwan haɗari sun haɗa da yin aikin da ya haɗa da mayar da hankali kan abubuwa na kusa, mafi yawan lokacin da aka kashe a gida, da tarihin iyali na yanayin.[2][3] Hakanan yana da alaƙa da babban aji na zamantakewa.[2] Tsarin tushen ya ƙunshi tsayin ƙwallon ido yana girma da tsayi ko ƙasa da haka ruwan tabarau yana da ƙarfi sosai.[1][4] Wani nau'in kuskure ne na refractive.[1] Ana gano cutar ta hanyar duban ido.[1]
Shaidu na yau da kullun sun nuna cewa ana iya rage haɗarin hangen nesa ta hanyar sa yara ƙanana su ciyar da lokaci mai yawa a waje.[5][6] Wannan na iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da bayyanar haske na halitta.[7] Ana iya gyara hangen nesa kusa da gilashin ido, ruwan tabarau, ko tiyata.[1] Gilashin ido shine hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi aminci na gyarawa.[1] Tuntuɓi ruwan tabarau na iya samar da faffadar hangen nesa, amma suna da alaƙa da haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.[1] Tiyata mai jujjuyawa tana canza siffar cornea har abada.[1]
Kusantar gani ita ce matsalar ido da aka fi sani kuma an kiyasta tana shafar mutane biliyan 1.5 (kashi 22 na yawan jama'a).[2][8] Farashin ya bambanta sosai a yankuna daban-daban na duniya.[2] Farashin tsakanin manya yana tsakanin 15% zuwa 49%.[3][9] Farashin yana kama da mata da maza.[9] Daga cikin yara, yana shafar kashi 1% na mutanen karkara Nepal, 4% na Afirka ta Kudu, 12% na Amurkawa, da 37% a wasu manyan biranen China.[2][3] Farashin ya karu tun daga shekarun 1950.[9] Kusantar gani da ba a gyara ba yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da nakasar gani a duniya tare da cataracts, macular degeneration, da rashi na bitamin A.[9]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 "Facts About Refractive Errors". NEI. October 2010. Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Foster PJ, Jiang Y (February 2014). "Epidemiology of myopia". Eye. 28 (2): 202–8. doi:10.1038/eye.2013.280. PMC 3930282. PMID 24406412.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Pan CW, Ramamurthy D, Saw SM (January 2012). "Worldwide prevalence and risk factors for myopia". Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics. 32 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1111/j.1475-1313.2011.00884.x. PMID 22150586.
- ↑ Ledford, Al Lens, Sheila Coyne Nemeth, Janice K. (2008). Ocular anatomy and physiology (2nd ed.). Thorofare, NJ: SLACK. p. 158. ISBN 9781556427923. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
- ↑ Ramamurthy D, Lin Chua SY, Saw SM (November 2015). "A review of environmental risk factors for myopia during early life, childhood and adolescence". Clinical & Experimental Optometry (Review). 98 (6): 497–506. doi:10.1111/cxo.12346. PMID 26497977.
- ↑ Xiong S, Sankaridurg P, Naduvilath T, Zang J, Zou H, Zhu J, et al. (September 2017). "Time spent in outdoor activities in relation to myopia prevention and control: a meta-analysis and systematic review". Acta Ophthalmologica. 95 (6): 551–566. doi:10.1111/aos.13403. PMC 5599950. PMID 28251836.
- ↑ Hobday R (January 2016). "Myopia and daylight in schools: a neglected aspect of public health?". Perspectives in Public Health. 136 (1): 50–5. doi:10.1177/1757913915576679. PMID 25800796.
- ↑ Holden B, Sankaridurg P, Smith E, Aller T, Jong M, He M (February 2014). "Myopia, an underrated global challenge to vision: where the current data takes us on myopia control". Eye. 28 (2): 142–6. doi:10.1038/eye.2013.256. PMC 3930268. PMID 24357836.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Pan CW, Dirani M, Cheng CY, Wong TY, Saw SM (March 2015). "The age-specific prevalence of myopia in Asia: a meta-analysis". Optometry and Vision Science. 92 (3): 258–66. doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000516. PMID 25611765.