Masarautar Lunda

Masarautar Lunda
Wuri
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1665
Rushewa	1884

Lunda
Wuri
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1665
Rushewa	1884

An nuna Lunda a tsakiyar tsakiyar taswirar cikin ruwan hoda.

Kasar Lunda (c. 1665 - c. 1887) ƙungiya ce ta jihohi a yanzu a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, arewa maso gabashin Angola, da arewa maso yammacin Zambiya, jihar tsakiyarta tana cikin Katanga.

Asali

Da farko, ainihin abin da zai zama ƙungiyar Lunda ita ce ƙungiyar da ake kira N'Gaange a cikin yaren kiLunda (kiyaka-kipunu). Wani sarki mai suna Mwane-a-n'Gaange ne ya yi mulkinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan sarakuna, Ilunga Tshibinda, ya fito ne daga ƙasar Luba inda ɗan'uwansa ya yi sarauta kuma ya auri wata mata mai sarauta daga wata ƙasa zuwa kudancin su. Ɗansu ya zama babban sarki na farko na Lunda, ya ƙirƙiri taken Mwane-aY

amvu (c. 1665).

Apex

Masarautar Lunda ta mallaki kusan 150,000 ^km2 da 1680. Jihar ta ninka girmanta zuwa kusan 300,000 ^km2 a tsayinsa a karni na sha tara. Mwane-a Yamvo na Lunda ya zama mai karfin soja daga tushe na mazauna 175,000. Tare da wannan karfin soja ta hanyar adadi mai yawa, Masarautar Lunda ta kuma karbi mashawartan sojoji na musulmi da wasu makaman zamani daga garuruwan Nyangwe da Kabambare. Ta hanyar auratayya da zuriyar sarakunan Luba, sun sami alaƙa ta siyasa.

Mutanen Lunda sun sami damar zama tare da yin mulkin mallaka na wasu yankuna da ƙabilu, ta haka suka faɗaɗa mulkinsu zuwa kudu maso yammacin Katanga zuwa Angola da arewa maso yammacin Zambia, da kuma gabas da Katanga zuwa lardin Luapula na Zambia. Masarautar ta zama ƙungiyar manyan masarautu waɗanda ke jin daɗin ƴancin kai na gida (muddin an biya haraji), tare da Mwata Yamvo a matsayin babban mai mulki da majalisa mai mulki (mai bin tsarin Luba) don taimakawa wajen gudanar da mulki.

wani yanki na lunda

Ƙarfin da masarautar ke da shi ya ba ta damar mamaye yankin sauran ƙabilu, musamman a gabas. A karni na sha takwas, an yi hijira da dama har zuwa yankin kudu da tafkin Tanganyika. Mutanen Bemba na Arewacin Zambiya sun fito ne daga bakin haure na Luba da suka isa Zambia a tsawon karni na sha bakwai. A lokaci guda kuma, wani shugaban Lunda kuma jarumi mai suna Mwata Kazembe ya kafa daular Lunda ta Gabas a cikin kwarin kogin Luapula.

Rushewa

Masarautar Lunda ta zo karshe a karni na sha tara, lokacin da Chokwe suka mamaye ta, waɗanda ke dauke da bindigogi. Daga nan ne Chokwe suka kafa daularsu da yarensu da al'adunsu. Sarakunan Lunda da mutanen sun ci gaba da zama a cikin zuciyar Lunda amma sun ragu a cikin iko.

A farkon zamanin mulkin mallaka (1884), an raba yankin Lunda tsakanin Angola Fotigal, Sarki Leopold na biyu na Jamhuriyar Kongo 'Yanci na Beljiyam da Burtaniya a Rhodesia ta Arewa maso Yamma, wanda ta zama Angola, DR Congo da Zambia bi da bi. Ƙungiyoyin Lunda a Arewacin Rhodesia sun kasance ƙarƙashin jagorancin manyan sarakuna biyu; Ishindi da Kazembe Kazembi), tare da Ishindi ya kafa daularsa a yankin Arewa maso yammacin kasar da Kazembe a Arewa maso Gabas. Daga cikin manyan sarakunan biyu, Ishindi shi ne ɗan fari ga Mwanta Yamvo wanda aka naɗa Kazembe sarki sakamakon ladan biyayyarsa ga Mwanta Yamvo.

Duba kuma

• Jerin sarakunan daular Lunda
• Luba Empire

Manazarta

1. Pogge, Im Reich des Muata Jamwo (Berl. 1880);
2. Buchner, Das Reich des Muata Jamwo (a cikin "Deutsche Geographische Blätter", Brem. 1883

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