Matsalolin muhalli a United Kingdom

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Matsalolin muhalli a United Kingdom
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli
Ƙasa Birtaniya
Ƙididdigar Ƙididdigar Burtaniya - Muhalli

Wannan shafin yana lissafin batutuwan da Burtaniya ke da su a halin yanzu waɗanda ke da alaƙa da muhalli, kamar gurɓatawa da gurɓatawa .

Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli suna da illa na ayyukan ɗan adam akan muhallin halittu. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, yanayin muhalli a Burtaniya ya tabarbare sosai a birane da karkara. Tare da yawan jama'a kusan miliyan 67, irin wannan ƙasa mai yawan jama'a da ci gaban fasaha na haɓaka matsalolin muhalli. Sannan kuma A cewar Hukumar NEA ta Burtaniya, gurbacewar iska da kuma ƙarfin sauyin yanayi ya shafi yankunan tsaunuka na Burtaniya sosai. Saboda sauyin yanayi; hauhawar yanayin ruwan teku da kuma amfani da albarkatun ruwa ya haifar da mummunar asarar inganci a cikin yanayin yanayin ruwa na Burtaniya. [1] Gurbacewar iska, canjin yanayi, datti, sharar gida, da Kuma gurɓacewar ƙasa duk wani ɓangare ne na ayyukan ɗan adam da ke haifar da waɗannan batutuwan muhalli a Burtaniya.

Batutuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

1 Gurbacewar iska[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Gas da ke haifar da gurɓacewar iska sun haɗa da carbon, nitrogen da sulfur oxides. Yayin da wasu daga cikin wadannan iskar gas ke faruwa ta ɗabi'a, sannan kamar kamar carbon dioxide a cikin fitar da iska daga huhu, masu gurbataccen gurbataccen yanayi suna fitowa ne daga konewar makamashin burbushin halittu: gawayi, mai da iskar gas. Ana fitar da iskar gas mai guba a cikin iska ta hanyar hayaƙin da masana'antu da masana'antun sinadarai ke fitarwa.

An san gurɓacewar iska a matsayin cakuda abubuwa na halitta da na mutum a cikin iskar da muke shaka. Wasu misalan abubuwan da ke haifar da gurbacewar iska a Burtaniya sun haɗa da kura da pollen yayin da misalan abubuwan da mutum ya kera ke haifar da matsalar iskar gas da ke fitowa daga motoci da hayaƙin mota. Bugu da ƙari kuma, gurɓacewar iska ita ce sanadin kashi 10% na duk mace-mace a Burtaniya da ke zuwa na biyu bayan China da kashi 17%, wannan ƙididdigar ce mai ban mamaki idan aka yi la'akari da yawan mutanen China sun fi Burtaniya girma. Mutanen da ke da cututtukan zuciya da na huhu sun fi shafar gurɓatar iska, amma kuma ana danganta kamuwa da cutar shanyewar jiki, ciwon sukari, kiba da ciwon hauka. [2] An ba da rahoton a cikin kanun labarai da yawa cewa gurɓatacciyar iska tana kashe mutane 29,000 a shekara a Burtaniya. Waɗannan ƙididdigar sun nuna yadda gurɓacewar iska ke da hadari da kuma kisa amma kuma yadda hakan zai iya shafa da kuma haifar da wasu munanan matsalolin kiwon lafiya a tsakanin mutane.

2 Canjin yanayi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cewar Lord Stern na Brentford, ambaliyar ruwa da hadari a Birtaniya a cikin shekarata 2014 sun kasance alamun sauyin yanayi. Marubucin 2006 Stern Review ya ce yanayi na shekarar 2013-2014 wani bangare ne na tsarin ƙasa da ƙasa kuma yana nuna bukatar gaggawa na yanke hayakin carbon.

Sauyin yanayi yana faruwa ne lokacin da yanayin yanayin duniya ya canza, wanda ke haifar da sabbin yanayin yanayi na tsawon lokaci. Canjin yanayi yana da babban tasiri a kan halittun ruwa da na ƙasa. A cikin ruwan Burtaniya, sauyin yanayi da na teku na iya yin tasiri da yin tasiri ga nau'ikan da ke barazana ta hanyar yin tasiri kan ingancin matakan da aka tsara don kare su. Fitar da iskar gas kuma sanannen dalili ne na wasu manyan ci gaban sauyin yanayi a duniya cikin shekaru. Sannan Biranen da ke bakin ruwa, wadanda su ne akasarin Birtaniyya, an ba da rahoton cewa, suna da babban kalubale a gabansu ta fuskar juriyar sauyin yanayi . Wannan ya sa biranen da ake da su kamar waɗannan garuruwan da ke bakin ruwa za su sake farfado da su tare da inganta su don magance tasirin sauyin yanayi.

3 Littattafai[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sharar gida shine aikin zubar da kowane irin kayan da ba daidai ba, zubar da shara a Burtaniya matsala ce mai mahimmanci. Kungiyar kiyaye ruwa ta Marine Conservation Society (MCS) ta bayyana cewa rahotonta na shekara-shekara na sharar rairayin bakin teku ya nuna karuwar sharar datti a gabar tekun Burtaniya sama da shekaru 20, don haka suka yanke cewa a fili babu isasshen abin da gwamnatin Burtaniya ke yi wajen kokarin. don rage wannan matsala. Sakamakon baya-bayan nan daga babban taron Tsabtace Tekun Biritaniya ya nuna cewa ɓangarorin filastik sune abubuwan da aka fi samu akai-akai akan rairayin bakin teku na Burtaniya, ba wai kawai sakamakon ba amma sakamakon ya nuna cewa filastik ya kai sama da kashi 50% na duk zuriyar da aka yi rikodin. [3] Baya ga wannan, datti a cikin tekunan Burtaniya sun yi tasiri sosai a rayuwar tekun. Kuma Sharar gida yana da matukar damuwa da teku saboda yana lalata matsuguni na rayuwar ruwa kuma shine dalilin kisa ga halittun teku marasa adadi. Kuma Gwamnatin Scotland ta amince da sharar gida a matsayin babbar matsala a cikin tekunan su kuma ta fara wani tsari na ciyar da dabarun da za su yi aiki don hana cutar da rayuwar ruwa da muhalli.

4 Sharar gida[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sharar gida wani bangare ne na yanayin rayuwa; sharar gida yana faruwa ne lokacin da kowace halitta ta dawo da abubuwa zuwa muhalli. 'Yan Adam suna samar da ragowar abubuwan sharar da suka wuce kima wanda ke wuce gona da iri na hanyoyin sake yin amfani da su. Yin takin zamani muhimmin abu ne a cikin kula da sharar gida mai ɗorewa ga Burtaniya kuma yana iya samun muhimmiyar rawar da za ta taka wajen biyan wajibcin Dokar Fill. A halin yanzu Burtaniya tana cika tan 27,000,000 na sharar gida a shekara tare da kashi 60 cikin 100 na iya zama mai lalacewa . Za a rage yawan abubuwan da za a iya lalatar da su a cikin wuraren da ake zubar da ƙasa sosai ta hanyar yin takin, ta yadda za a samar da ƙarancin iskar gas da leach . Ko da yake ba duk abubuwan da za a iya lalata su sun dace da takin zamani ba, farawa ne na samun sarrafa shara a cikin Burtaniya. Sanna Lalacewa ga muhalli saboda rashin kula da sharar gida abu ne da za a iya kauce masa ta hanyar aiwatar da dabaru ta hanyar ka'idar zaɓin yanayi mafi kyawun aiki (BPEO). Rage sharar gida, sake amfani da su, sake amfani da su, da dabarun dawo da su duk hanyoyin da za a rage buƙatun wuraren zubar da ƙasa cikin wannan ƙa'idar. [4] Sake amfani da/sake amfani da takin zamani sun zama manyan hanyoyin sarrafa sharar gida a Burtaniya, wanda ya kai kashi 42.2% na jimillar MSW. A cikin shekarata 2012, tan miliyan 13.1 na MSW aka takin ko kuma aka sake yin fa'ida a cikin United Kingdom, wanda ke wakiltar karuwar 27.3% tun daga 2002. [5]

5 Gurbacewar ƙasa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Gurɓacewar ƙasa wani bangare ne na gurɓacewar ƙasa wanda ke haifar da kasancewar sinadarai kuma wannan gurɓataccen abu yana da matuƙar haɗari ga ɗan adam. Kuma Gurbacewar ƙasa a Burtaniya ya kasance al'amari mai gudana a wasu yankuna kuma ba kwanan nan ba ne ke tasowa ba, rikodin Hg na samfurori da aka ɗauka daga Diss Mere, United Kingdom ya nuna cewa ƙasa ta gurɓata tun shekaru dubu da suka gabata, wannan yana ƙara haɗarin yuwuwar gurɓata yanayi don shiga cikin yanayi. Gurɓatar ƙasa, kamar sharar gida, yana faruwa ne ta hanyar zubar da kayan da ba daidai ba. Bugu da ƙari kuma, an sami rahotannin gurɓacewar ƙasa da tsire-tsire masu yawa a sassan Ingila waɗanda a da ake kira wuraren hakar ma'adinai, [6] wanda ke haifar da lalata ƙasa.

Dazuzzuka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ƙasar Burtaniya tana da ma'aunin daidaiton yanayin gandun daji na shekarar 2018 yana nufin maki 1.65/10, wanda ya yi mata matsayi na 161 a duniya cikin kasashe 172.

Duba wasu abubuwan[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Sabuwar Yarjejeniyar Koren
  • Makamashi a Burtaniya
  • Ayyukan muhalli kai tsaye a cikin Burtaniya
  • Rashin daidaiton muhalli a Burtaniya

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Smith20150608
  2. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Russell-Jones2017
  3. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named MCSBBW2010
  4. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named jstor40573107
  5. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Growing old or Growing Clean?
  6. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Li & Thornton 1993

Ci gaba da karatu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

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