Mohammed bin Hamad Al-Sharqi
 Mohammed bin Hamad Al-Sharqi | |||
|---|---|---|---|
1938 - 1975 | |||
| Rayuwa | |||
| Haihuwa |
Emirate of Fujairah (en)  , 1908 | ||
| Mutuwa | 18 Satumba 1974 | ||
| Sana'a | |||
| Sana'a | ɗan siyasa | ||
Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad Al Sharqi (1908 - 6 Satumba 1974) shi ne Sarkin Fujairah, ɗaya daga cikin masarautun da a yau suka kafa Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE), daga 1938-1974.[1] A shekara ta 1952 ya ga mafarkin mahaifinsa na dogon lokaci na 'yancin kai ga Fujairah wanda Burtaniya ta amince da shi, Jihar Trucial ta ƙarshe da za a amince da ita, da kuma jim kadan bayan haka don taimakawa wajen samun' yancin kai ga Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a matsayin al'umma, a shekara ta 1971. Saboda kwarewarsa a diflomasiyya da siyasa an kira shi wolf of the Gulf.[2]
Mai mulkin Fujairah[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Mohammed bin Hamad ya yi nasara a matsayin shugaban kabilar Sharqiyin da Sheikh na Fujairah a 1939 a kan mutuwar babban ɗan'uwansa, Saif bin Hamad, kuma nan da nan ya fara karfafa mallakar Sharqiyin na Fujaira da kewayenta. A shekara ta 1950, ya ci Dibba zuwa Arewa, da kuma ƙauyukan bakin teku na Bidayah da Sakamkam da ƙauyen Al Bithnah da ke da muhimmanci sosai Al Bithna Fort wanda ke mamaye Wadi Ham.[3]
Matsayi na Trucial[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Birtaniya sun ki amincewa da 'yancin Fujairah a cikin shekaru 50 da suka gabata tun lokacin da mahaifin Mohammed ya ayyana shi a 1901. Koyaya, a cikin shekarun 1950 PCL, Petroleum Concessions Limited, yana neman izinin binciken mai a duk faɗin jihohin Trucial kuma kamfanin yana buƙatar wani da za su iya 'yi kasuwanci tare da shi'. Gwamnati (a yanzu al'amuran da ke cikin Jihohin Trucial sun kasance a hannun Ofishin Harkokin Waje a London bayan samun 'yancin kai na Indiya a 1947) ta yanke shawarar ba Mohammed bin Hamad amincewa a matsayin Mai mulkin Trucial kuma ya shiga a 1952 a matsayin Mai mulki na masarautar ta bakwai don a san shi (Kalba, wanda a baya aka amince da shi a matsayin Jihar Trucial a 1939, an sake shi cikin Sharjah a 1951).
'Yancin kai[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Fujairah ita ce ta ƙarshe daga cikin Jihohin Trucial da ta zama mai kariya ta Burtaniya inda gwamnatin Burtaniya ta kula da manufofin kasashen waje da tsaro. Duk da yake wasu sun sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Jirgin Ruwa ta 1820, Harkokin Jirgin Rukunin Ruwa na Dindindin na 1853, da kuma 'Yarjejeniyar Musamman' ta 1892, Fujairah za ta ji daɗin shekaru goma sha shida na kariya ta Burtaniya har sai da Firayim Minista Harold Wilson ya sanar, a ranar 16 ga Janairun 1968, cewa za a janye dukkan sojojin Burtaniya daga 'East of Aden'. Shawarwarin shi ne gabatar da masarautun bakin teku, tare da Qatar da Bahrain, cikin tattaunawa mai tsanani don cika gurbin siyasa wanda janyewar Burtaniya za ta bar baya.
Mohammed bin Hamad ya shiga taron Trucial Sarakuna a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 1968 a Dubai, inda Shugabannin Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, da Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum na Dubai suka kafa ka'idar kafa ƙungiyar masarauta. A cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, tattaunawa da tarurruka na sarakuna sun biyo baya - sau da yawa guguwa - yayin da aka kori wani nau'i na hadin kai. Bahrain da Qatar sun fice daga tattaunawar kuma Ras Al Khaimah sun yanke shawarar kada su shiga Tarayyar, sun bar shida daga cikin tsoffin jihohi bakwai na Trucial don amincewa da hadin kai a ranar 18 ga Yuli 1971.
A ranar 2 ga Disamba 1971, Fujairah, tare da Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman da Umm Al Quwain sun shiga cikin Dokar Tarayya don kafa Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa . Masarautar ta bakwai, Ras Al Khaimah, ta shiga Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu 1972, bayan da Iran ta mamaye tsibirin Tunbs da RAK ta yi ikirarin.[4]
Rikici na kan iyaka a cikin 1972[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tsawon tarihin rikice-rikice da rikice-rikicen tsakanin Fujairah da maƙwabcinta sun sake fitowa bayan aikin Union, lokacin da rikicewar ƙasa ta ɓarke cikin fada. A farkon shekara ta 1972, an kira sabuwar rundunar tsaron Tarayyar da aka kafa don karɓar iko da fada wanda, a lokacin da UDF ta shiga, ta kashe 22 kuma ta ji rauni sosai. A ƙarshe an warware rikicin bayan sulhu tsakanin Sheikh Rashid na Dubai da sauran Shugabannin kuma an aika da wata sanarwa da ke sanar da sulhu a ranar 17 ga Yuli 1972.[5]
Mutuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad Al Sharqi ya mutu a shekara ta 1974.[1] Ɗansa, Sheikh Hamad bin Mohammed Al Sharqi, Sarkin Fujairah na yanzu ya gaje shi.
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Founders of the Union Archived 2019-07-06 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Brandon Friedman (2020). The End of Pax Britannica in the Persian Gulf, 1968-1971. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 63. ISBN 978-3-030-56182-6.
- ↑ Said., Zahlan, Rosemarie (2016). The Origins of the United Arab Emirates : a Political and Social History of the Trucial States. Taylor and Francis. p. 188. ISBN 9781317244653. OCLC 945874284.
- ↑ Ahmadi, Kourosh (2008). Islands and International Politics in the Persian Gulf: The Abu Musa and Tunbs in Strategic Context. London: Routledge. p. 96.
- ↑ Wilson, Graeme (1999). Father of Dubai. UAE: Media Prima. p. 178. ISBN 9789948856450.
Haɗin waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Media related to Mohammed bin Hamad Al-Sharqi at Wikimedia Commons
