Peter II na Yugoslavia
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Peter II Karađorđević ( Serbian Cyrillic </link> ; 6 ga Satumba 1923 – 3 Nuwamba 1970) shi ne sarki na ƙarshe na Yugoslavia, yana mulki daga Oktoba 1934 har zuwa lokacin da aka hambare shi a watan Nuwamba 1945. Shi ne memba na ƙarshe da ke sarauta na daular Karađorđević .
Babban ɗan Sarki Alexander I da Maria na Romania, Peter ya hau gadon sarautar Yugoslavia a shekara ta 1934 yana ɗan shekara 11 bayan da aka kashe mahaifinsa a wata ziyarar aiki a Faransa. An kafa wani mulki karkashin dan uwansa Yarima Paul . Bayan da Bulus ya ayyana Yugoslavia ta shiga cikin Yarjejeniyar Tripartite a ƙarshen Maris 1941, juyin mulkin Burtaniya mai goyon bayan Biritaniya ya kori mai mulki kuma ya ayyana Peter yana da shekaru.
A martanin da sojojin Axis suka mamaye Yugoslavia bayan kwanaki goma kuma suka mamaye kasar cikin sauri, suka tilasta wa sarki da ministocinsa gudun hijira. An kafa gwamnati a gudun hijira a watan Yuni 1941 bayan zuwan Bitrus a Landan. A cikin Maris 1944, ya auri Gimbiya Alexandra ta Girka da Denmark . Dan su tilo, Alexander, an haife shi bayan shekara guda. A cikin Nuwamba 1945, Majalisar Mazabar Yugoslavia ta hambarar da Peter a hukumance kuma ta ayyana Yugoslavia a matsayin jamhuriya.
Peter ya zauna a Amurka bayan ajiye shi. Ya sha wahala daga bakin ciki da shaye-shaye daga baya a rayuwarsa, ya mutu sakamakon cutar cirrhosis a watan Nuwamba 1970 yana da shekaru 47. An binne gawarsa a Cocin Monastery na Saint Sava a Libertyville, Illinois, kafin a tura shi zuwa Royal Mausoleum na Oplenac a cikin 2013.
Rayuwar farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Peter II a ranar 6 ga Satumba 1923 a Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Shi ne babban ɗan Alexander I na Yugoslavia da Maria ta Romania . Iyayensa su ne Sarauniya Elizabeth ta Girka, Sarki Ferdinand na Romania da kuma Sarki George V na Burtaniya, wanda dansa, Duke na York, ya tsaya a matsayin wakili.
An fara koyar da Yarima Peter a fadar sarauta, Belgrade, kafin ya halarci Makarantar Sandroyd sannan a Cobham, Surrey inda Makarantar Reed take yanzu. Lokacin da yake dan shekara 11, Yarima Peter ya gaji sarautar Yugoslavia a ranar 9 ga Oktoban 1934 bayan kisan mahaifinsa a Marseille a wata ziyarar aiki a Faransa. Dangane da matashin sabon sarkin, an kafa wani mulki a karkashin dan uwan mahaifinsa Yarima Paul .
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Prince Regent Paul ya ɗauki ra'ayin cewa ba dole ba ne ya canza mulkin daga hanyar da Sarki Alexander ya bar ta don ɗansa ya mallaki shi ba tare da canza shi ba lokacin da ya cika shekaru 18 a watan Satumba 1941, kuma ya yi tsayayya da duk wani ƙoƙari na sake fasalin tsarin mulki na 1931 . [1] A kan 20 Agusta 1939, Bulus ya ba da izinin Firayim Minista, Dragiša Cvetković, don sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tare da Vladko Maček, shugaban jam'iyyar Ƙarƙashin Ƙasar Croatian, wanda ya haifar da sabon Banovina na Croatia tare da cin gashin kai mai mahimmanci da girman girman girma, yana rufewa. da yawa daga cikin abin da ke yanzu Bosnia da Herzegovina, da kuma gamsar da aƙalla a wani ɓangare na dogon buƙatun Croat . [1]
Sabiyawan ba su yarda da yarjejeniyar ba sosai, musamman ma lokacin da rahotanni suka bayyana cewa hukumomin banovina mai cin gashin kansa na nuna wariya ga Sabiyawan prečani . [1] Halin da ake ciki na kasa da kasa na watan Agusta 1939 tare da rikicin Danzig wanda ya tura Turai zuwa yakin yaki yana nufin Bulus yana so ya sasanta daya daga cikin rikice-rikice na cikin gida da ya fi raunana don ya sa Yugoslavia ta sami damar tsira daga hadari mai zuwa. [1]
Yarjejeniyar ta zo ne a kan farashin Paul da Cvetković da ra'ayin jama'a na Serbia ya la'anci saboda "sayar da" ga Croats, duk da haka kamar yadda yawancin Croat ya bayyana a fili cewa suna ganin banovina na Croatia a matsayin wani tsani kawai don samun 'yancin kai. . [1] Rashin amincewa da yarjejeniyar da gwamnatin Cvetković, yana daya daga cikin dalilan juyin mulkin 27 Maris 1941 kamar yadda yawancin Serbs suka yi imanin cewa Bitrus, ɗan Sarki Alexander, zai ci gaba da manufofin mahaifinsa lokacin da ya kasance. ya kai rinjayensa. [1]
