Qurabiya

Qurabiya
	shortbread (en) , cookie (en) da pastry (en)
Kayan haɗi	almond meal (en)

'Gurbiya' (Arabic) kuma ghraybe, ghorayeba, ghoriba, ghribia, ghraïba, gurabija, Griyyaba,,, kurabiye, ko ko kourabiedes (Greek) da sauran maganganu da furci da yawa, irin kek ne na gajeren burodi, yawanci ana yin shi da almonds na ƙasa. Ana samun nau'ikan a yawancin abinci na Larabawa, Balkan da Ottoman, tare da nau'ikan daban-daban da girke-girke. Suna kama da polvorones daga Andalusia.^[1]^[2]

A cikin Maghreb da Masar, galibi ana ba da su tare da shayi na Libya, Kofi na Larabci ko shayi na mint na Maghrebi.

Tarihi

An ba da girke-girke don gajeren burodi mai kama da ghorayebah amma ba tare da almond ba, wanda ake kira a cikin Larabci khushkanānaj gharīb (kookie mai ban sha'awa), a cikin littafin dafa abinci na Larabci na farko da aka sani, Kitab al-Ṭabīīīī . [1] Kurabiye ya bayyana a cikin Abincin Ottoman a karni na 15.

Akwai muhawara game da asalin kalmomin. Wasu ba su ba da wata asali ga kalmar kurabiye ta Turkawa ba sai Turkawa, wasu kuma sun ba da Larabci ko Farisa. Daga cikin wasu, masanin ilimin harsuna Sevan Nişanyan ya ba da asalin Larabci, a cikin littafinsa na 2009 na ƙamus na Turkiyya, daga ġurayb ko ğarîb (exotic). Koyaya, ya zuwa 2019, ƙamus na kan layi na Nişanyan yanzu yana ba da farkon sanannun yin amfani da rubuce-rubuce a cikin Turkanci kamar ƙarshen karni na 17, wanda ya samo asali daga gulābiya na Farisa, kuki da aka yi da ruwan fure, daga gulāb, mai alaƙa da furanni. Ya lura cewa kalmomin Larabci na Siriya ġurābiye / ġuraybiye wataƙila sun samo asali ne daga Turkawa. ^[3]

Bambancin yanki

Crimea

Tatars na Crimea (mutane na Crimea) suna kiran kukis "khurabie" (qurabiye, qurabye, къурабье, къурабие

Tatar na Crimea "kurabye" yana da siffofi da yawa, amma a zahiri yana kama da rhombus, ko haɗuwa da rhombuses biyu ko uku don samar da furen, ko kuma an yanke shi a cikin siffar crescent.

Tatars na Crimea suna shirya kurabye kamar haka: ana gauraya sukari mai foda da ghee, sannan kuma ana ƙara gari.

An gama "khurabye" gaba ɗaya tare da sukari mai foda a kowane bangare.^[4]

Albania

[1]

Gurabija

Aljeriya

Ghribia (Algerian Arabic)

Ghribia tare da almond
Ghribia tare da peanutsƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta
Ghribia tare da walnuts
Ghribia tare da Pistachios

Armenia

ashi kamar burodi, kunnen alkama, ko takalmin doki wanda ke nuna lafiya, wadata, da wadata. An fi cinye shi a lokacin Easter, Kirsimeti da bukukuwan sabuwar shekara. Daga baya, an kara karin sinadaran, kamar ƙwai, cinnamon, da walnuts.

Bulgaria

Kurabii, sunan abincin Bulgarian da nau'ikan kuki da yawa, sanannen nau'ikan mai dadi. Musamman a lokacin hutu, kuma jams iri-iri da aka samar ta hanyar sabuwar shekara tare da kukis mai sukari da aka yi wa ado da siffofi masu kyau ana kiransu "maslenki".

Girka da Cyprus

Fassarar Girkanci, wanda ake kira "''kourabiethes''" κουραμπιές ko "kourabethes" (Girkanci: ckbando), yayi kama da gajeren gurasa mai sauƙi, yawanci ana yin shi da almonds. Kourabiedes wani lokacin ana yin su da brandy, yawanci Metaxa, don dandano, kodayake vanilla, mastika ko ruwan fure suma sanannu ne. A wasu yankuna na Girka, ana yin ado da kourabiedes na ƙusaKirsimeti tare da ƙuƙwalwar ƙanshi guda ɗaya da aka saka a cikin kowane kuki.^[5] Kourabiedes ana siffanta su ko dai a cikin crescents ko balls, sannan a dafa su har zuwa dan kadan zinariya. Yawancin lokaci ana mirgine su cikin sukari yayin da suke da zafi, suna samar da man shanu mai sukari.^[6] Kourabiedes sananne ne ga lokatai na musamman, kamar Kirsimeti ko baftisma.

Kalmar Helenanci "kourabiedes" ta fito ne daga kalmar Turkiyya kurabiye, wanda ke da alaƙa da qurabiya, dangin kukis na Gabas ta Tsakiya.

A Cyprus, ana ba da su a matsayin kyauta ga masu halartar bikin aure bayan bikin.

Iran

A Tabriz, ana yin Qurabiyas da garin almond, sukari, farin kwai, vanilla, margarine da kuma murfin da aka niƙa da almond. Ana ba da shi da kansa ko tare da shayi, al'ada ana sanya shi a saman shayi don sa ya zama mai laushi kafin cin abinci.^[7]^[8]^[9]

Bambance-bambance ciki har da: ^[10]

Ghoriba tare da Cardamom
Ghoriba tare da pistachio
Ghoriba tare da saffron

Gabatarwa

Ghoriba tare da pistachio
Ghoriba tare da ruwan RoseRuwa mai ruwan hoda

Libya

Ghraïba Fassarar Larabci na Libya

Ghoriba tare da peanuts
Ghoriba tare da almond
Ghoriba tare da walnuts

Maroko

Ghoriba (Moroccan Arabic: غْرِيبَة) a Maroko da sauran sassan Maghreb, shahararrun kukis galibi suna amfani da semolina maimakon fararen gari, suna ba da ƙwayoyin cuta na musamman.

asalin Ghriba an yi shi ne daga gari kuma an ɗanɗano shi da lemun tsami ko orange zest da cinnamon, ana yawan ba da wannan zaki a jam'iyyun, tare da shayi ko kofi.^[11]

Mlouwza, an yi shi da almond da sukari da aka ɗanɗano da ruwan orange
Ghoriba bahla
Ghoriba dyal zite
Ghoriba mramla

Saudi Arabia

Ghurēba / Ghrēba (Arabic), bambance-bambance sun hada da:

Ghurēba tare da pistachio
Ghurēba tare da almond
Ghurēba tare da cardamom

Turkiyya

Ana amfani da kalmar kurabiye don nunawa ga biscuits iri-iri a Turkiyya, ba lallai ba ne na cikin gida, kodayake ana yin nau'ikan kurabiye daban-daban na gida; gami da necessitatbadem kurabiyesi da un kurabiyesi.

Duba sauran bayani

Kaki na almond
Wani kurabiyesi
Hallongrotta
Kukis na Kavala Almond
Murabbalı mecidiye
Nankhatai
Osmania Biscuit
Alamun
Ruwan wuta
İzmir Bomb Kurabiye
Bethmännchen
Şekerpare
Jerin abincin almond
Jerin gajeren burodi da kukis

Manazarta

↑ Williams, Stephanie (5 August 2012). "Lost and loving it in Morocco". Herald Sun. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
↑ Kragen, Pam (19 March 2013). "Cookbook a love letter to Morocco". U-T San Diego. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
↑ Nişanyan, Sevan. "Kurabiye". Nişanyan Sözlük. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
↑ "Кхураб'є". yizhakultura.com. Retrieved 2023-06-30.
↑ Sam Sotiropoulos (2009-12-23). "Greek Food Recipes and Reflections, Toronto, Ontario, Canada". Greekgourmand.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2014-03-16.
↑ "Irene's Kourabiedes (Kourabiethes) (Greek Butter Cookies)". Thursdayfordinner.com. Retrieved 2015-02-27.
↑ "GHORABIEH TABRIZ قرابیه تبریز" (in Turanci). 2016-03-16. Retrieved 2024-07-27.^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ "Qurabiya ( Ghorabiye )". Tishineh (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-07-27.
↑ Admin (2022-06-01). "Best Persian Desserts and Sweets to Try in Iran". Legendaryiran (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-07-27.
↑ "حوليات الآداب والعلوم الاجتماعية". مجلس النشر العلمي، جامعة الكويت. Issues 317-321: 118.
↑ "15 favorite Moroccan culinary specialties" (in Turanci). 16 April 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-19.

[1] Williams, Stephanie (5 August 2012). "Lost and loving it in Morocco". Herald Sun. Retrieved 1 April 2015.

[2] Kragen, Pam (19 March 2013). "Cookbook a love letter to Morocco". U-T San Diego. Retrieved 1 April 2015.

[3] Nişanyan, Sevan. "Kurabiye". Nişanyan Sözlük. Retrieved 2019-01-04.

[4] "Кхураб'є". yizhakultura.com. Retrieved 2023-06-30.

[5] Sam Sotiropoulos (2009-12-23). "Greek Food Recipes and Reflections, Toronto, Ontario, Canada". Greekgourmand.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2014-03-16.

[6] "Irene's Kourabiedes (Kourabiethes) (Greek Butter Cookies)". Thursdayfordinner.com. Retrieved 2015-02-27.

[7] "GHORABIEH TABRIZ قرابیه تبریز" (in Turanci). 2016-03-16. Retrieved 2024-07-27.^{[permanent dead link]}

[8] "Qurabiya ( Ghorabiye )". Tishineh (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-07-27.

[9] Admin (2022-06-01). "Best Persian Desserts and Sweets to Try in Iran". Legendaryiran (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-07-27.

[10] "حوليات الآداب والعلوم الاجتماعية". مجلس النشر العلمي، جامعة الكويت. Issues 317-321: 118.

[11] "15 favorite Moroccan culinary specialties" (in Turanci). 16 April 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-19.

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