Ron harsuna
Harsunan Ron, Ronic ko Ron-Fyer, rukunin A.4 na reshen yammacin Chadi na dangin harshen Afro-Asiatic, ana magana da su a jihar Plateau, arewa ta tsakiyar Najeriya
Harsunan Ron sun sami tasiri mai yawa daga Tarok .
Harsuna
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Harsunan Ron, da alakar su ta asali, sune: [1] [2]
- Ron
- Fyer, Tambas
- (reshe)
- Central Ron
- Daffo-Mbar-Butura
- Bokkos
- Monguna (Shagawu) [watakila a zahiri kusa da Sha]
- Sha
- Mangar
- Mundat-Karfa
- Mundat
- Karfa (Duhwa)
- Kulere (Richa)
- Central Ron
Blench (2019) ƙungiyoyi masu zuwa a cikin (Tsakiya) Tarin yare na Ron/Run: Bokkos, Mbar, Daffo–Butura, Manguna, Mangar, Sha.
Yayin da yake lura cewa Ron a haƙiƙanin haɗin gwiwa ne mai rikitarwa, Blench (2003) ya ƙi biyu daga cikin haɗin gwiwar da aka gabatar a Seibert (1998) [Sha tare da Mundat-Karfa da Mangar tare da Kulere/Richa]: [3]
- Arewa : Fyer, Tambas
- Tsakiya : Bokkos, Daffo-Mbar-Butura, Monguna
- Western : Sha, Mundat, Karfa
- Kudu : Richa, Mangar
Sunaye da wurare
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ƙasa akwai cikakken jerin sunayen yaren Ron, yawan jama'a, da wurare daga Blench (2019).
| Harshe | Tari | Yaruka | Madadin rubutun kalmomi | Sunan kansa don harshe | Wasu sunaye (dangane da wuri) | Sauran sunaye na harshe | Exonym (s) | Masu magana | Wuri(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fyer | Tsanani | 1,500 (1970); 10,000 (Blench 1999) | Jihar Filato, Mangu LGA | ||||||
| Karfa | Shagau | Kerifa | Duhwa | Karfa | Duhwa | Challa | 800 (SIL 1973) | Jihar Plateau, Bokkos LGA | |
| Kulere | Tof, Richa, Kamwai: na karshen ya hada da Marahai (Marhai) | Akande (Kamwaĩ, Àkandí (Tof), Kande (Richa) | Tof, Richa, Kamwai | Korom Ɓoye | 6,500 (1925 Tawali'u); 4,933 (1943 Ames); 8,000 (1973 SIL) | Jihar Plateau, Bokkos LGA | |||
| Mundat | Mundat | Ron | Mundat | Mundat | Mundat | Jihar Plateau, Bokkos LGA | |||
| Shagawu | Shagau | Anguna, Hurti, Ahurum, Ambwash, Gbwendeng, Nzuhwe (Duhwa) | Anguna Shagau | 20,000 (SIL) | Jihar Plateau, Bokkos LGA | ||||
| Tambas | Tembis | 3,000 (SIL) | Plateau State, Pankshin LGA | ||||||
| Gudu tari | Gudu | Bokkos da Daffo–Mbar-Butura sun fi Sha | Ron | Gudu | Challa, Cala, Chala, Challawa | 13,120 (1934 Ames); 60,000 (1985 UBS) | Jihar Plateau, Bokkos LGA | ||
| Run Bokkos | Gudu | Bokos, Baron | Lis ma Run | Boko | Challa, Cala | ||||
| Run Daffo–Mbar-Butura | Gudu | Daffa, Mba, Butura | Ron | Alis I Run | Batura | Mba-wuh | Challa | ||
| Manguna | Gudu | Manguna, Hurti, Dambwash, Mahurum, Gwande, Karfa(Duhwa) | Ron | Shagau | Anguna, Hurti, Duhwa, Agbwendeng, Ambwash, Ahurum | Anguna Shagau | Challa | 20,000 (SIL) | Jihar Plateau, Bokkos LGA |
| Mangar | Gudu | Jihar Plateau, Bokkos LGA | |||||||
| Sha | Gudu | 500 (SIL); kusan 1,000 (1970 Jungraithmayr) | Jihar Plateau, Bokkos LGA |
Sake ginawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tun da harsunan Ron suna samar da alaƙa iri-iri, sake gina Ron ba kai tsaye ba ne saboda rashin ingantaccen sautin wasiku . Akwai lamuni da yawa daga harsunan Niger-Congo Plateau maƙwabta waɗanda Ron ya haɗa su ko yana hulɗa da su. [2]
| A'a. | Turanci | Proto-Ron |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | mutum | *nafi |
| 7. | aboki | **mwin |
| 19. | suna | *suma |
| 45. | nama | * ku |
| 46. | kai | *hajiya |
| 49. | kashi | *ka |
| 53. | kunne | *kumu |
| 54. | hanci | ** wani |
| 57. | baki | *fo |
| 59. | harshe | *liʃ |
| 61. | hakori | * hajji |
| 62. | molar | *ɓukum |
| 64. | cin duri | *mutum |
| 69. | makogwaro | *goro |
| 72. | nono (mace) | *fofo |
| 73. | kirji | *cin |
| 79. | cibiya | **mutuk |
| 83. | gwiwar hannu | *kukwat |
| 91. | cinya | *don |
| 107. | yau, tofa | *lyal |
| 110. | fitsari | *sar |
| 190. | I | *yin |
| 238. | kada | ** haramun |
| 1072. | busa (baki) | *fuɗ |
| 1089. | kira (taro) | *lahiya |
| 1157. | fada | *fur |
| 1218. | ƙasa | **ndoro |
| 1241. | hadu | *tof |
| 1249. | bude (kofa) | * ɓwali |
| 1276. | saka | *yan uwa |
Ilimin Halitta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yawancin sunaye a cikin yarukan Ron ana yin su ne tare da - a - infixes. [4]
Names and locations
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ƙasa akwai cikakken jerin sunayen yaren Ron,yawan jama'a,da wurare daga Blench (2019).
| Anguna Shagau | |||||||||
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Blench, Roger. Comparative Ron wordlist.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Blench, Roger M. 2003. Why reconstructing comparative Ron is so problematic. In Wolff, Ekkehard (ed.), Topics in Chadic linguistics: papers from the 1st biennial international colloquium on the Chadic language family (Leipzig, July 5–8, 2001), 21-42. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
- ↑ Seibert, Uwe. 1998. Das Ron von Daffo (Jos-Plateau, Zentralnigeria): morphologische, syntaktische und textlinguistische Strukturen einer westtschadischen Sprache. (Europäische Hochschulschriften: Reihe XXVII: Asiatische und Afrikanische Studien, 66.) Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang
- ↑ Blench, Roger. 2021. The erosion of number marking in West Chadic Roger Blench. WOCAL, Leiden.
This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 3.0 license.