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Sarauniyar Tanganyika

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.

Elizabeth II ita ce Sarauniya ta Tanganyika daga 1961 zuwa 1962, A lokacinda da Tanganyika ta kasance ƙasa mai zaman kanta kuma mai mulkin mallaka. Ta kuma kasance mai mulkin wasu jihohi masu zaman kansu, gami da Ingila . Matsayinta na tsarin mulki a Tanganyika galibi an bada izini ga gwamna-janar na Tanganyika . [1]

Tanganyika_Independence_Act_1961" id="mwFA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tanganyika Independence Act 1961">Dokar yancin Kai ta Tanganyika ta 1961 (10 & 11 Eliz. 2. c. 1) wacce ta canza Yankin amincewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Tanganyika zuwa mulkin mallaka mai zaman kansa.

Yarima Philip, Duke na Edinburgh ya wakilci Sarauniya ta Tanganyika a bikin samun 'yancin kai. A ranar 9 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1961, Duke ya gabatar da kayan aikin 'yancin kai na Tanganyika ga Julius Nyerere, wanda daga nan ya zama Firayim Minista na Tanganyika mai zaman kanta. An sanya Dar es Salaam birni, lokacin da duke ya gabatar da takardar shaidar sarauta da takardun shaida. Daga nan aka sanya shi Freeman na farko na Dar es Salaam, kuma dagabaya ya gaya wa taron: "Sabon tufafi na mutunci da alhakin ya fadi a kan 'yan kasarDar es Salaum". A ranar 11 ga watan Disamba, duke ya bude zaman farko na majalisar dokokin Tanganyika mai zaman kanta, a madadin Sarauniya, a gaban taron mutane da diflomasiyya, a wani bikin da aka yi da ladabi da launi.[2] Richard Turnbull, Gwamna-Janar, ya yi jawabi ga duke, yana rokonshi ya buɗe majalisa ta hanyar karanta Magana daga kursiyin.

Fadar Gwamna-Janar ta Tanganyikan da ke nuna kambin St Edward.

Tanganyika tana ɗaya daga cikin yankuna Commonwealth of Nations waɗanda suka raba mutum ɗaya da Mai mulki da shugaban ƙasa.

Ya yi tasiri tare da dokar'Yancin Kai ta Tanganyika ta 1961, babu wani ministan gwamnatin Burtaniya da zai iya ba da shawara ga mai mulki a kan duk wani al'amari da ya shafi Tanganyika, ma'ana cewa a kan dukkan al'amuran Tanganyika, ministocin Tanganyikan ne kawai suka ba da shawara. Dukkanin takardun kudi na Tanganyikan suna bukatar amincewar sarauta.[3] Gwamna-Janar na Tanganyika ne ya wakilci Sarkin Tanganyikan a cikin mulkin, Wanda Sarkin ya nada shi bisa ga shawarar Firayim Minista Tanganyikan.[4]

Gwamnatin Tanganyika an santa a hukumance da Gwamnatin Mai Girma.

Sarkin Tanganyikan da Majalisar Dokokin Tanganyika sun kafa Majalisar Dokokin Tanganyika . [4] Dukkanin ikon zartar da hukunci na Tanganyika sun kasance tare da mai mulki.[5] Dukkanin dokoki a Tanganyika an kafa su ne kawai tare da bayar da amincewar masarauta, wanda Gwamna-Janar ya yi a maimakon mai mulki.[3] Gwamna-Janar yana iya adana lissafin "don jin daɗin Sarauniya"; wato hana amincewar ga lissafin kuma gabatar da shi ga mai mulki don yanke shawara; ko kuma zai iya soke shi gaba ɗaya ta hanyar hana amincewarsa daga sama.[3] Gwamna-Janar kuma yana da alhakin kiran, ƙaddamarwa, da rushe majalisar.[6] Gwamna Janar yana da ikon zaɓar da kuma nada Majalisar Ministoci kuma zai iya korar su a ƙarƙashin ikonsa. Dukkanin ministocin Tanganyikan na Crown sun rike mukamin ne a yardar Gwamna-Janar.[7]

Crown da Kotuna

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kotun daukaka kara mafi girma a Tanganyika ita ce Kwamitin Shari'a na Majalisar Privy. Sarkin sarakunan , kuma ta hanyar fadada gwamnan-janar, na iya ba da kariya daga gurfanar da shi, yayin da bashi da ikon jinƙai na sarauta, da kuma gafarta wa Crown, ko kuma kafin, lokacin, ko kuma bayan shari'a.[8]

Ta hanyar sanarwar da aka yi a cikin Tanganyika Gazette a watan Janairun 1962, an ba sarki taken Tanganyikan daban a matsayinta na Sarauniya ta Tanganyika . [9]

Elizabeth II tana da salon da ke biyowa a matsayinta na sarauniyar Tanganyika:

  • 9 Disamba 1961 - 12 Janairu 1962: Elizabeth ta Biyu, ta hanyar ikon Allah, ta Ƙasar ingila ta Burtaniya da Arewacin Ireland da sauran masarautar da Yankunta Sarauniya, Shugaban Commonwealth, Mai Tsaron Bangaskiya [9]
  • 12 Janairu 1962 - 9 Disamba 1962: Elizabeth ta Biyu, Sarauniya ta Tanganyika da Sauran Yankin ta, Shugaban Commonwealth [9]

The Round Table: Jaridar Commonwealth ta harkokin Kasa da kasa ta rubuta:

On December 9, 1961, when Tanganyika became independent, it suddenly became a monarchy with the monarch as Queen of Tanganyika. But the British monarchy was regarded as a foreign institution and the new position increased the sense of alienation from the Crown. It is made clear, however, that the proposal to become a republic does not imply any disrespect towards the person of the Queen, whose position as Head of the Commonwealth is readily acknowledged ... The chief, as the leader of the tribe, still holds a position of great importance in most areas ... by and large the chiefs have retained the affection and loyalty of their people and since it is a monarchical system, it might be thought that the idea of monarchy was acceptable to the people and that in some areas it was strongly entrenched. There is, however, a difference between the monarchical idea of chieftainship and that of an alien monarch who is a European and who lives thousands of miles away and is never seen. The days have gone when the English sovereign can be expected to command the personal loyalty of African subjects in the same way as people of British origin.[10]

An soke mulkin mallaka na Tanganyikan a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1962, kuma Tanganyika ta zama jamhuriya a cikin Commonwealth tare da shugaban Tanganyika a matsayin shugaban kasa.

Sarauniyar ta aika da wasika zuwa ga sabon shugaban kasar Julius Nyerere, inda ta ce:

I send you my warmest good wishes on the occasion of the inauguration of the Republic of Tanganyika and your assumption of office as the first President. I have followed your country's development with close attention and shall always watch the friendliest interest Tanganyika's endeavours and achievements in the years ahead. It is a source of great satisfaction to me that your country remains within the Commonwealth, and I am confident that the many bonds of friendship and understanding between our peoples will be maintained and strengthened.[11]

Tanganyika ta hadu da Zanzibar a 1964 bayan Juyin Juya Halin Zanzibar don kafa Tanzania . Sarauniya Elizabeth ta ziyarci Tanzania a ranar 19-22 ga Yuli 1979, ta ziyarci Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar, da Kilimanjaro.[12]

  1. ↑ Mangasini Atanasi Katundu; Neema Penance Kumburu (August 2015). "Tanzania's Constitutional Reform Predicament and the Survival of the Tanganyika and Zanzibar Union" (PDF). The Journal of Pan African Studies. 8 (3): 104–118.
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named annual
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "THE Tanganyika (CONSTITUTION) ORDER IN COUNCIL, 1961" (PDF). p. 20. Retrieved 5 September 2021. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "cons20" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "THE Tanganyika (CONSTITUTION) ORDER IN COUNCIL, 1961" (PDF). p. 14. Retrieved 5 September 2021. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "cons14" defined multiple times with different content
  5. ↑ "THE Tanganyika (CONSTITUTION) ORDER IN COUNCIL, 1961" (PDF). p. 21. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
  6. ↑ "THE Tanganyika (CONSTITUTION) ORDER IN COUNCIL, 1961" (PDF). p. 21. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
  7. ↑ "THE Tanganyika (CONSTITUTION) ORDER IN COUNCIL, 1961" (PDF). p. 22. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
  8. ↑ "THE Tanganyika (CONSTITUTION) ORDER IN COUNCIL, 1961" (PDF). p. 25-26. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Tanganyika: Heads of State: 1961-1962". archontology.org. Retrieved 22 May 2021. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "tang" defined multiple times with different content
  10. ↑ "The Republic of Tanganyika: A Break with the Colonial Past". The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs. 52 (208): 339–347. 1962. doi:10.1080/00358536208452388.
  11. ↑ African World, African Publications, 1963, p. 15
  12. ↑ "Commonwealth visits since 1952". Official website of the British monarchy. Royal Household. Archived from the original on 12 April 2015. Retrieved 8 November 2015.
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