Sauri Millennium Village
Sauri wani ƙauye ne na ƙauye goma sha ɗaya da ke cikin tsohon Lardin Nyanza na yamma Kenya kuma shine na farko kuma mafi girma a cikin sha huɗu Aikin Kauyen Millennium (MVP) wuraren zanga-zangar da suka gudana daga shekarar alif 2005 zuwa 2015 a yankin Saharar Afirka. Manufar MVP a Sauri ita ce rage talaucin ƙauyen da ke da ƙasa da dalar Amurka 1 tsakanin 2000 zuwa 2015. Babban burin shi ne samun ci gaba mai ɗorewa ta hanyar samun ci gaba a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a, ilimi, kayayyakin more rayuwa, da haɓaka aikin gona.[1]:2
Gwajin da aka yi a Sauri na da nufin samar da karin koyo ga Ma'aikatar Tsare-tsare ta Kasa (MPND) ta Kenya don sake yin ayyukan raya kasa a wasu gundumomi takwas na Kenya. Kazalika, darussan za su taimaka wajen samar da wani cikakken tsari na Vision 2030 na Ci gaban Macro-Tattalin Arziki (KV2030), wanda shi ne alƙawarin gwamnatin Kenya na tabbatar da Manufofin Ci Gaban Ƙarni da kuma kawar da shi. talauci nan da 2030.[1]:2
Ko da yake Kenya ta amince da hanyoyin ci gaban yankunan karkara (IRD) don auna ci gaban tattalin arziki da talauci tun daga shekarun 1970, kusan kashi 80 cikin 100 na al'ummar Sauri suna rayuwa kasa da dalar Amurka 1 a kowace rana a cikin 2004 (kafin amincewa da MVP).[2] Pedro Sanchez et al., "Ƙauyen Millennium na Afirka". [3]:16777 An fara zabar Sauri ne saboda yawan talauci da yunwa. Wasu daga cikin matakan farko na MVP sun haɗa da haɓaka samar da abinci, magance zazzabin cizon sauro, gina asibiti mai aiki da tsaftataccen ruwan sha, da haɓaka ƙarfin al'umma.[1]:21
Aikin Kauyen Sauri Millennium (SMVP) ya fara ne a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2004 tare da zuba jarin dalar Amurka miliyan 2.75 a duk shekara, wanda ya kasance wani adadi mai cike da tarihi da aka yi amfani da shi wajen kawar da talauci a cikin al’ummar Afirka masu karamin girma.[4] Jeffrey Sachs, wanda ya kafa MVP, ya bayyana Sauri a matsayin ƙauye "wanda zai kafa tarihi" da kuma "don kawo ƙarshen talauci" a cikin The Diary of Angelina Jolie da Dr. Jeffrey Sachs a Afirka , wani shirin shirin MTV na 2005.[5] Matsayin nasara ko gazawar da aka samu a cikin SMVP ana daukarsa a matsayin ma'anar juzu'i a cikin muhawarar ci gaba - wajen tantance ko kasashen da suka ci gaba ya kamata su kara zuba jari ko kuma rage taimakon raya kasa na kasashen waje.
Nasarar wannan aikin yana cikin bincike sosai a cikin Kenya. An san cewa MVP ya nuna sakamako na ɗan gajeren lokaci wajen taimaka wa Sauri ya kafa shirye-shiryen noma, ilimi, da kiwon lafiya, da kuma jawo hankalin sauran zuba jari na kudi da kayan aiki daga wasu kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu.[6] A daya bangaren kuma, ana zargin cewa wadannan shirye-shiryen ba su da dorewa na dogon lokaci, suna dakushe sarkakiyar talauci, da samar da sabbin tsare-tsare na wutar lantarki masu rudani, da rashin bayyanannun dabarun ficewa. Wadannan al'amurra suna ƙara ƙalubalanci dadewa na ci gaba a Sauri kuma suna haifar da matsalolin matsala.[1]:191-193
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sauri yana cikin Siaya County kimanin kilomita 50 arewa da birni na uku mafi girma na [Kisumu] a Kenya. Ita kanta gundumar tana cikin tsohon Lardin Nyanza, a yammacin Kenya. Ƙungiyar SMVP ta ƙunshi ƙauyuka 11 da ke da fadin murabba'in kilomita 132, kuma ta ƙunshi al'umma kusan 60,000. kabila a yankin kuma suna magana da yaren Dhooluo.
Yanayin yanayi yana da zafi da zafi a duk shekara a yankin. Sauri yana da yanayin ruwan sama na bimodal tare da dogon lokacin damina daga Maris zuwa Yuni da ɗan gajeren ruwan sama daga Satumba zuwa Disamba. Maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin Sauri sun haɗa da maɓuɓɓugan kariya da marasa kariya, rijiyoyi marasa zurfi, ruwan famfo da kuma girbin ruwan sama.
Noma shine tushen rayuwa na farko ga mazauna, tare da masara, wake, dawa, da rogo sune mafi yawan amfanin gona da ake nomawa a yankin. Ana kuma girbe auduga da taba a matsayin manyan kayan amfanin gona guda biyu.[7]:11 Galibin ayyukan rayuwa da jama'ar gari ke aiwatarwa sun dace da kawar da talauci. Bayan noman abinci, mazauna kuma sun dogara da kuɗaɗen da ake aikowa daga mutanen da ke zaune da aiki a wajen ƙauyen.[1]:66 Sakamakon ƙalubale na yanayi da ƙarancin wadatar ƙasa, Sauri ya kasance. galibi ana samun karancin amfanin gona, wanda ke zama babban dalilin karancin abinci da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. A lokacin da aka fara MVP, an sami yawaitar ƙasƙan ƙasa sakamakon shekaru na rashin abinci mai gina jiki wanda ya faru saboda manoma ba su iya samun takin zamani.[8]:339 Rashin ƙarancin ƙasa ya ƙara dawwama ƙarancin amfanin gona.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Amrik Kalsi, "Tsibiri na Nasara a cikin Tekun Nasara?
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedSanchez - ↑ PNAS 104, no.43 (Oktoba 23, 2007) doi:10.1073/pnas.0700423104.
- ↑ Sam Rich, "Africa's Ƙauyen Mafarki" a cikin Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars , An nakalto a cikin Amrik Kalsi, "Tsibirin Nasara a cikin Tekun Nasara? MDGs da Sauri Millennium Village a Kenya" (PhD diss ., Jami'ar Queensland, 2015), 2.
- ↑ The Diary of Angelina Jolie and Dr. , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uUHf_kOUM74
- ↑ Hellen Kimanthi da Paul Hebinck , Samfuri:"'Castle in the Sky': Sauri Millennium Village in Reality", Cibiyar Nazarin Zaman Lafiya ta Duniya, no.38 (Fabrairu 2016): 2, doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud. 2017.12.019.
- ↑ Billystrom Aronya Jivetti, "Bincika Tasirin Alkawarin Kauyen Millennium akan Cibiyoyin Sadarwar Jama'a: Matsalar Kauyen Sauri Millennium a Yammacin Kenya" (PhD) diss., Jami'ar Missouri, 2012), doi:10.32469/10355/33037.
- ↑ Richard J. Deckelbaum et al., "Tattalin Arziki: Samfuran Aiwatarwa Daga Aikin Ƙauyen Millennium a Afirka". Bulletin Abinci da Nutrition 27, No. 4 (Disamba 2006): doi:10.1177/156482650602700408.