Sinima a Kamaru

Sinima a Kamaru
	cinema by country or region (en) da industry (en)
Bayanai
Ƙasa	Kameru
Wuri
	5°08′N 12°39′E / 5.13°N 12.65°E

Sinima a Kamaru ya haɗa da yin fim na Faransanci da Turanci. Wani lokaci ana kiran masana'antar fim ɗin Anglophone da Collywood .

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin shekarar 1919, an saki fim ɗin Haut-Commissariat de la République française au Cameroun a cikin Kamarun Faransa .

A 1960, Kamaru ta zama ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta, kuma tarihin sinima na Kamaru ya fara ne a 1962.

Thérèse Sita Bella da Jean Pierre Dikonguè Pipa sune farkon masu shirya fina -finan Kamaru. Sauran sunaye a farkon sinima na Kamaru sun haɗa da Alphonse Béni wanda ya yi karatun fasahar Fim a Conservatoire libre du cinéma français ( CLCF ), da Daniel Kamwa wanda ya yi karatun fim a Université de Paris 8-Vincennes. Fim ɗin farko da aka ɗauka a Kamaru bayan samun ƴancin kai shine Point de Vue No. 1, wanda Dia Moukouri ya jagoranta, wanda bai fito a kasuwa ba sai 1966.

Kafin 1973, kusan fina -finai 15 na gajere da tsayi aka samar, tare da tallafin kuɗi daga Ma'aikatar Hadin gwiwar Faransa, da tallafin fasaha daga Cibiyoyin Al'adun Faransa (CCF - cibiyoyin al'adun français). A cikin 1972, akwai gidajen silima 32 a duk faɗin Kamaru ta Asusun Raya Masana'antar Fina -Finan (FODIC - Fonds du développement de l'industrie cinématographique) wanda Gwamnatin Kamaru ta ɗauki nauyinsa a lokacin.

A shekarun 1970 zuwa 1980, an samar da fina-finai da yawa a Kamaru, ciki har da Muna Moto ta Jean-Pierre Dikonguè, wanda aka ba shi lambar yabo ta Golden Stallion (The Étalon d'or de Yennenga ita ce babbar kyauta) a bikin Finafinai da Talabijin na Panafrican. na Ouagadougou (FESPACO - panafricain de cinéma et de télévision de Ouagadougou) a 1976.

A cikin 1980s akwai gidajen sinima da yawa a Yaounde da Douala, waɗanda daga baya aka rufe su, kuma a maimakon haka ana nuna fina -finai a gidajen sinima na hannu.

An samar da sadakin Ninah a Sabga Hills, a Bamenda ^] . Ya lashe kyaututtuka sama da 30. Beleh wani fim ne wanda ya sami lambobin yabo sama da 10. ^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}

An fara gudanar da bikin Fim na kasa da kasa na Kamaru a shekarar 2016.

Masana'antar Fim ta Kamaru-CFI[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tarihin yin fim ɗin Kamaru ya koma 1962, shekaru biyu bayan samun 'yancin kai lokacin da babu fasahar dijital kuma samar da fim ya kasance analog kuma yana da tsada sosai, a lokacin manyan masu shirya fina -finai na Faransa masu zaman kansu kamar Jean Paul Ngassa, Dikonge Pipa, Sita Bella, Alphonse Benny da sauran manyan jarumai kamar Gerald Essomba wanda ya kirkiro ƙarni na farko na masu shirya fina -finai a Kamaru sun sami ci gaba mai ban mamaki a cikin ƙasa da ƙasa don farfaɗo da fasaha ta bakwai yayin harbi akan fasahar fim mai tsada da ƙarancin lokaci. Wannan ya biyo bayan tsararraki na biyu na masu shirya fina -finai irin su Jean Marie Tenu, pouss pouss na Daniel Kamwa da finafinan Muna Moto na Dikongue Pipa a cikin 1972/1975 bi da bi sun haɓaka matakin masana'antar cikin gida a lokacin tare da sanin ƙasa da ƙasa. Jean père Bikolo, Baseck Bakobio da wasu fewan wasu su ne ƙarni na ƙarshe na masu shirya fina -finai waɗanda suka harbi fasahar fim ɗin analog kuma har yanzu suna ci gaba da shirye -shiryen fina -finai amma a wannan karon tare da kayan aikin bidiyo na lambobi na zamani wanda ya kawo babban canji a farkon shekarun 90 a Afirka . Wannan ƙarni wanda ya mamaye cikin shekarun fim na dijital har yanzu yana tasiri kan masana'antar fim ta ƙoƙarin su na kowa don a san su a masana'antar a gida da waje. Bayan ci gaba da ci gaba da juyin halitta da neman masu shirya fina -finai na cikin gida don yada fasahar yin fim tare da zuwan gidan talabijin na Kamaru (CTV) a 1985, ya karfafa sabbin masu shirya fina -finai ciki har da masu shirya fina -finan Ingilishi wadanda ta hanyar Victor Pungong na tunawa mai albarka a 1987 suka samar '' Gwaji na so '' fim ɗin Ingilishi na farko da aka watsa a gidan talabijin na ƙasa tare da sigar sa ta biyu (jerin) a cikin 2004 tare da tsoffin mayaƙa kamar Claude Henry Ndenge, Chinepoh Corson, Yijika Solange, Yimbu Emmanuel, Njoya Grace, Chi Anthony, Tita Ernestine ... akasarinsu sun sami shigarsu cikin manyan masana’antu a lokacin.

Shekaru goma sha ɗaya bayan haka, bayan yawancin masu shirya fina -finai masu sha'awar nuna turanci kamar Nfuh ebenezer, Njiforti Victor, da Thomas Belton suna ci gaba da ciyar da wannan fim ɗin gaba. Tasirin masana'antar fina-finan Najeriya a tsakiyar shekarun '90 kuma ya ba da gudummawa sosai a tsarin ginin zane na 7 a yammacin mungo ta hanyar manyan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa waɗanda masu shirya fina-finai na gida suka fara tare da Nollywood tare da babban niyyar haɓaka ayyukan gida. kuma ba masana'antar fim ta gida tururi. A cikin wannan lokacin furodusan fim/darekta na gida kamar Thomas Beltin na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai albarka ya samar kuma ya ba da umarnin Aljanna ta hana (2000), canza zuciya (2002), Ofishin Jakadancin zuwa Damunza (2003) wanda kuma ya haska taurarin jarumai na gida a lokacin kamar Moma Pascal (Bob), Fanny Fungong, Mbuta Sylvie, Chatoh Collins, and Lyno Lovet. Akonte Cyril na Splash network ya ƙaddamar da babban aikin fim na Kamaru-Najeriya, Kyautar Zaman Lafiya, wanda suka samar kuma Amayo Phillips ya jagoranta, tare da taurarin Nollywood/Kamaru kamar Patience Ozukwo, Fabien Adibe Nonso Diobi, Tangie suh Nfor, Menye Patra, Cy Wanki kuma jerin sun ci gaba. Wannan fim ɗin ya yi wahayi zuwa ga sauran masu sha'awar fim kamar Agbor Gilbert Ebot da Felix Alote sun ƙaddamar da wani aikin Kamaru/Najeriyar a wannan shekarar tare da wani ɗan Najeriya wanda aka haifa/darekta Oscar Benson a cikin fim ɗin mai taken Dawowar Mbombo wanda ya ƙunshi Vugar Samson, Nsuh George, Ngeh Gerald, Agbor Gilbert, tare da Nguffo Serge N. Fim ɗin Ghis ya ƙare a cikin fiasco tare da koma baya da yawa da aka fuskanta yayin aiwatarwa ; munanan abubuwan da suka fuskanta sun tursasa su yin tunani a kan hanyar su ta dawo da halittar 'gabobin' wanda zai iya kula da muhimman batutuwa game da haƙƙin 'yan wasan da walwalar da aka samu bayan shekara guda a cikin 2004 yau da aka sani da suna National Actors Guild of Cameroon tare da shugabanta na kafa Vugar Samson. . A cikin wannan lokacin, wasu abubuwan samarwa na cikin gida sun kuma taso a yankin kudu maso yamma kafin babban fashewar Agbor Gilbert Ebot a 2005 tare da budurwar sa ta Kamaru/Najeriya mai taken Kafin fitowar rana wanda ya samar kuma Fred Amata ne ya jagoranci fim ɗin 'Giant' 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo na Nollywood kamar Clarion Chukwura, Olu Jacobs, Dakore da kuma nuna masu wasan kwaikwayo na gida a lokacin kamar Ivanne Namme, Quinta Eyoung Ashu, Agbor Magdalene, Jean Père Esome da Lyno lovet.

Shekaru biyu akan daidai a cikin 2006, Joe Walkie na Gidauniyar Joe Walkie a Kumba shima ya samar da '' Sacrament '' 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na gida a lokacin kamar Alene Menget (wanda kwanan nan aka yi masa ado da lambar jarumta na babban jarumi ta shugaban jihar tare da Quinta Eyong Ashu) kuma Daraktan Najeriya ya bada umarni tunda masana'antar ba ta da daraktan gida wanda aikinsa zai iya gamsar da masu samar da gida a lokacin don ba da irin wannan babban alhakin. Yana da kyau a yarda cewa waɗannan ƙoƙarin na farko sun ba da gudummawa sosai ga masana'antar cikin gida kamar yadda waɗannan majagaba suka yi niyya kuma a cikin 2008 bayan ziyarar tashar fim ɗin Afirka a lokacin African Magic bisa gayyatar Agbor Gilbert Ebot don ganowa da fallasa hazaƙar gida a cikin. masana'antar nishaɗi. A cikin wannan lokacin ne masu ruwa da tsaki waɗanda ba su sami damar haɗuwa tare da yin magana game da masana'antar fim mai kishi wanda ya kasance mafi ƙima a lokacin a makwabciyar Najeriya ya yanke shawarar fito da wani tsari wanda babu shi wanda zai iya zama a cikin gida ko bayan, magance yanayin rashin aiki, ƙarancin albashi, rashin ƙwarewar fasaha. Tudun duwatsun da suka wanzu na Yibain Emile Aime Chah an yi jana'izarsu don samar da wani tsari wanda zai haɗa kowa da kowa a cikin taron Buea na 2008. Ta hanyar tarurruka da manyan tarurruka daga Kumba, Bamenda, Yaounde inda aka karɓi sunan Collywood kuma a ƙarshe a Buea a ranar 3 ga Yuni 2008 lokacin da aka fara masana'antar Fina -Finan Kamaru Collywood. Ya zama tilas a ambaci cewa ƙalubalen ƙirƙirar masana'antar finafinai ta “Collywood” shine matsalar rushe NAGCAM (National actor Guild of Cameroon) wanda shine kawai tsarin da aka sani da aka kirkira a cikin 2004 don kare masu ruwa da tsaki waɗanda galibi 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ne su fito. tare da guild guda ɗaya. An sami tsayayyiyar adawa a babban taron Bamenda a 2007 daga shugaban da ya kafa Vugar Samsom wanda ya firgita cewa NAGCAM ƙungiya ce ba ƙungiya ba kuma ba za a iya narkar da ita ba sai dai a haɗa sauran ƙungiyoyin da ke ciki.

An kafa kwamitin rikon ƙwarya a Kumba a watan Nuwamba na wannan shekarar kuma aka ba Waa Nkeng Musi umarni don tsarawa da kafa guilds guda shida da aka gano wadanda suka hada da Guild Actors, Guild Producers, Guild Directors, Guild Technician, Guild Writers and Marketing and Distribution Guild . An umurce shi tare da masu kula da shiyya a yankuna daban -daban da aka gano kamar Bamenda, Kumba, Buea da Yaounde don ganowa da sanya membobin ƙungiyar cikin wadannan guilds cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa Moma Pascal Gamih ya kafa CAMAG kuma ya haɗa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo cikin Guild na CFI a matsayin wani ɓangare na manufar da aka ba gwamnatin Musi a cikin babban taron Kumba. Wannan daga baya ya zama abin jayayya a cikin masana'antar wanda ya raba 'yan wasan a cikin rarrabuwa na NAGCAM/ CAMAG tare da NAGCAM wanda ke tabbatar da kansa a matsayin ƙungiya tare da takaddun halattattu waɗanda wata ƙungiya ba za ta iya rinjaye su ba don haka a watan Agusta na 2014 a cikin babban taron gama-gari na talakawa. /zabe a garin sada zumunci (Limbe ), NAGCAM ta hadiye CAMAG a cikin yarjejeniya baki daya tsakanin jam'iyyun don zama kungiya daya tilo da zata wakilci kungiyar yan wasan Kamaru a karkashin CFI kafin Moma Pascal ya zama mai nasara na CFI a gaban shugaban hukumar Otia Vitalis, wasu membobin hukumar ciki har da babban sakatare Alasambom Nyinchou, jami'in sadarwa Tanwie Elvis, Musing Derick da Vugar Samson uban kafa NAGCAM. Wannan kyakkyawar ƙungiyar 'yan wasan daga baya tsakanin ɓangarori sun rabu bayan rashin tsige Moma Pascal a matsayin shugaban masu shirya fina -finai tare da ƙiyayya mai ƙarfi a nasa ɓangaren ya yanke shawarar janye CAMAG daga ƙungiyar har zuwa yau, ya bar NAGCAM a matsayin ƙungiyar da ke da alhakin tantancewa, rajista da shigar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo cikin Guild of Actors of CFI. Duk abubuwan da suka gabata da sifofi sun kasance abubuwan da suka ƙera kuma suka gina kowane halayen hamayya a cikin '' sansanoni '' a cikin masana'antar kai tsaye ko a kaikaice. Kwamitin rikon kwarya na Musi ya jagoranci gwamnatin wanda wa'adin ta ya kare a cikin shekaru uku a cikin Nuwamba 2011 ya kara zuwa 23 ga Maris, 2013 a babban dakin karatu na Yaounde lokacin da masu ruwa da tsaki suka yi farin ciki da canjin da wasu mutane ke nacewa game da gazawar ofishin wucin gadin. haɗu da wajibai. A gaban Akim Macaulay wakilin CFI na Amurka, Dr Fai Donatus da wakilin minista Amah Tutu Muna a lokacin. ; daraktan sinima wanda aka maye gurbin ofishin rikon kwarya na Musi tare da Otia Vitalis Suh wanda shine zababben shugaban kwamitin farko na masana'antar fina-finan Kamaru; wanda wa'adin aikinsa ya ƙare tun da wuri a ƙarshen mulkinsa na shekaru uku a watan Maris na 2016 don ba da dama ga Mbeaoh Alex wanda ya kasance 'yan watanni zuwa wa'adinsa na biyu tun daga Maris 2019.

Ba a bar wasu masu ba da gudummawa masu mahimmanci ba kafin ci gaban masana'antar, akwai wasu ƙwararrun masu shirya fina -finai waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa waɗanda gudummawar su kai tsaye ko a kaikaice ta yaɗa masana'antar zuwa inda take a yau kamar mutane irin su Godlove Neba Nyambi Jr, Ngatou Noutossi Glaradip, Molimi Cletus, Zigoto Tchaya, Angu Elisabeth, Neba Lawrence, Waa Nkeng Musi, Chinepo Corsson, Tanwie Elvis De Dadies, Alenne Menget, Ashu Egbe, Njamsi Roland, Itambi Delphine, Amandy Alfred, Akim Macaulay, Awah Oliver, Claude Henry Ndegue, Yibain Emile Chah, Anurine Nwanembom, Ngouffo Serge N., Musing Derick, Elung Brenda Shay, Chatoh Collins, Billy Bob Ndive, Nkwah Kingsly, Princess Manka, Tanko Francoise, Chi Anthony, Enah John Scott, Nkanya Nkwai, Achile Brice, Asaba Ferdinand, Musing Derick, Keka Sylvester, Nsuh George, Elvis Smart, PD Cash, Esua Julius, Nkwah Kingsly, Nwanna Goffi, Ngongan Matheu/Joe Walkie/Glory M. of memory memory, Aisha Innoua, Kucha, Akuro Titus, Ala Leo, Agbor steeve (Big steev e), Syndy Emade, Asah Elvis, Akuro Rapheal, Godwin Nganah, Sylvanus Awae, Takong Delvis, Enow Tanjong, Agbor Obed Agbor, Awemu Pius, Ivanne Namme, Alfred Melo.

Shekaru goma sha ɗaya daidai ne, watanni uku kwana goma sha ɗaya daga ranar da aka ƙirƙiri CFI wanda ya yi daidai da wannan ranar mai tarihi ta 14 ga Satumba 2019 inda ake shirin canza yanayin rayuwar masana'antar fim a Kamaru. Wuri mai mahimmanci kuma mai mahimmanci wanda shine tsohon shugaban Kamaru yana ba da haske game da mahimmancin bikin. Kaddamar da bikin fasaha da al'adu na ƙasa wanda aka yiwa lakabi da RECAN 2019 wani lokaci ne na sake tsara masana'antar Fina -Finan Kamaru (CFI) don biyan buƙatun masu shirya fina -finai na gida ta hanyar tsarin tarayya wanda ke nufin sauƙaƙe haɗin kai don sauƙaƙe watsa labarai., albarkatu, gina iya aiki da kuma tsarin sassan da ke mutuwa. Basseck Bakobio ne ya jagoranci wannan taro tare da taimakon Chop Samuel shugaban SCAAP na yanzu, daraktan Cinema a MINAC kuma shugaban kwamitin masana'antar Fina -Finan Kamaru CFI. A gefe guda kuma, ban da shugaban hukumar Mbeaoh Alex wanda ya binciki babi na CFI; Agbor Gilbert Ebot, Takum Fred, Musing Derick da Billy Bob sune muryoyin da suka halarta don bayyana motsi na CFI a cikin ƙarfin su a cikin masana'antar.

Yanayin al'adu daban-daban na wannan yanki yana tabbatar da yuwuwar al'adu da yawa na Kamaru sun ƙi taron tare da masu shirya fina-finan Anglo-Saxon suna muhawara sabanin tsarin yankuna goma na haɗin kan sashin ta hanyar gamsar da masu shirya fina-finan Faransa game da buƙatar sashin ya ci gaba da riƙe al'adunsa biyu. halaye dangane da ƙungiya, al'adu, harshe da dabaru a hanyoyin da suka dace na yin fina -finai ; yana mai dagewa cewa tsarin bangarorin biyu ba zai yi kira ga ɓangarorin ba. Taron ya ƙare ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba sai aka gabatar da ƙarar wakilci daidai game da waɗanda za su shiga cikin kwamiti don ci gaba da ƙarin shawarwari game da hakan daga masu shirya fina -finan Ingilishi. Shugaban taron ya nuna rashin amincewa da kudirin wakilci daidai amma ya yanke shawarar cewa wadanda za su kafa kwamitin za su iya fitowa daga kowane yanki na kasar ba lallai ba ne kan daidaito. Taron ya ga mintina na ƙarshe a cikin fiasco tare da shugaban taron yana tabbatar da kiran gaggawa ga waɗanda za a zaɓa a cikin kwamitin don daidaita ajandar taron wanda ba za a iya gajiyawa a zama ɗaya ba. Wannan taron ya zo ne a lokacin da galibin masu fafutuka ko masu ruwa da tsaki na masana'antar ko dai suna kan gaba ko kuma suna ja da junansu, wataƙila saboda wasu dalilai daban -daban amma yana da mahimmanci don yaba muryar haɗin kai da goyon baya da suka jure wa juna yayin da a cikin wannan muhimmin taro wanda aka hango a matsayin juyi na masana'antar fim a Kamaru. Yayin da ake fatan masu jagoranci da masu sahun gaba na masana’antu suna tattarawa da sasanta bambance -bambancen da ke tsakaninsu don shimfida hanya ga tsararrakin da suka gabata waɗanda ba sa tsammanin komai sai sawun abin koyi, ikon da ya kamata ya taimaka daidai wa waɗannan masu tafiya don cimma burinsu a cikin wannan masana'antar mai fa'ida sosai. wanda aka dade ana mayar da shi baya a ƙasar nan.

A ƙarshe, yana da matukar mahimmanci a mai da hankali ga mummunan juyin halittar CFI tun lokacin da aka kirkiri hukumar a cikin Maris 2013; yawan abubuwan da ake samarwa masu inganci sun ƙaru sosai. Yana cikin tsarin CFI wanda aka hango da kuma samar da ƙarfin gwiwa don fara aiwatarwa kamar Tsarin TV mafi tsawo na Kamaru (Yanayin 312) Bad Angel wanda Godwin Nganah ya samar, Tanwie Elvis De Dadies ya jagoranta, Rhumble Series (156 episodes) wanda aka samar kuma ya jagoranta Billy Bob Lifongo jerin shiry-shiryen Talabijin ne da ake watsawa a gidan talabijin na ƙasa wanda ya kawo canji a masana'antar fim, ya ƙara sanduna mafi girma kuma ya haifar da wayewa game da haɓaka masana'antar. Bayan wannan babban ci gaba da sauran fina -finai kamar Samba, Life Point, A Man for the Weekend, Night in the grass field, A good Time to Divorce, Two Ways, Bridge of Trust sun sami karɓuwa. Wannan yanayin da ke tasowa ya kasance daidai gwargwado don haka yana ba da matsayi na musamman ga CFI wanda da fatan zai iya jagorantar Cinema ta Afirka dangane da ingancin samarwa. Tanwie Elvis De Dadies ne ya tattara kuma ya rubuta