Kamaru

Kamaru
	République du Cameroun (fr)
Flag of Cameroon (en)	Coat of arms of Cameroon (en)
	;
Take	O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers (en)
Kirari	«Paix – Travail – Patrie» ; «Peace – Work – Fatherland» ; «Мир - труд - Родина» ; «All of Africa in one country»
Wuri
	5°08′N 12°39′E / 5.13°N 12.65°E
Babban birni	Yaounde
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	24,053,727 (2017)
• Yawan mutane	50.59 mazaunan/km²
Harshen gwamnati	Faransanci ; Turanci
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na	Afrika ta Tsakiya
Yawan fili	475,442 km²
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Tabkin Chadi, Tekun Guinea da Tekun Atalanta
Wuri mafi tsayi	Dutsen Kamaru (4,095 m)
Wuri mafi ƙasa	Bight of Biafra (en) (0 m)
Sun raba iyaka da	Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya ; Cadi ; Jamhuriyar Kwango ; Gini Ikwatoriya ; Gabon ; Najeriya
Bayanan tarihi
Mabiyi	United Republic of Cameroon (en) da Cameroon (en)
Ƙirƙira	1 ga Janairu, 1960
Tsarin Siyasa
Tsarin gwamnati	jamhuriya
Majalisar zartarwa	Government of Cameroon (en)
Gangar majalisa	Parliament of Cameroon (en)
• Shugaban kasar Cameroon	Paul Biya (1982)
• Prime Minister of Cameroon (en)	Joseph Ngute (4 ga Janairu, 2019)
Ikonomi
Nominal GDP (en)	45,338,285,386 $ (2021)
Kuɗi	CFA franc na Tsakiyar Afrika
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	West Africa Time (en) ; UTC+01:00 ; Africa/Douala (en)
Suna ta yanar gizo	.cm (en)
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	+237
Lambar taimakon gaggawa	*#06#
Lambar ƙasa	CM
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	prc.cm…

Kamaru wannan suna na Kameru (da Turanci Cameroon, da Faransanci Cameroun) ya samo asali ne daga sunan duwatsu masu tsarki, a shekara ta alif 1302, da hijira Kasar Jamus suka fara rainon kasar, kuma a shekara ta alif 1335, ta hijira sai kasar Biritaniya da faransa suka rabata gida biyu kowa ya raina rabi-rabi,amma Kasar faransa tana daukan kashi uku ne na daga cikin kudin arzikin kasar a shekara ta 19 sai yankin da faransa ke iko dashi ya hade da kameru a shekara ta alif 1922, sai sukayi zabe a duk fadin kasar, a wannan lokacin Ahamad ahidajo ya rike shugabancin kasar amma baijima ba sai ya sauka yabawa mataimakin sa.^[1]

Kasa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

fadin Kasar Kamaru zai kai.475,442 km tanada kimanin mutane daza sukai (10,691,000) a kidayar shekara ta alif 1988 . Douala itace babban birnin Kasar tanada kimanin rabin miliyan na mutane da suke zaune a cikinta, Kamaru tanada yare biyu da take amfani dasu amatsayin yaren Kasar, sune; ( Faransanci a gabashin kasar da Turanci a yammacin kasar akwai wasu yaruka masu dinbin yawa. Kamuru ta Faransa da kuma ta Biritaniya sun hade ne a shekara ta alif 1961, a wannan lokacine ta zama Tarayyar jamhuriyar Kamaru, amma a shekara ta alif 1984, sai suka samata sunan Jamhuriyar Kamaru. Jamhuriyar Kamaru tana tsakiyar afirka ne dai, kuma tana makwabtaka da kasashe kamar:-

1- daga yamma kasar Tarayyar Nijeriya

2- daga arewaci Jamhuriyar chadi

3- daga gabas Jamhuriyar Afirka ta tsakiya

4- daga kudanci Equatorial Guinea, Gabon , da Jamhuriyar Kongo

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A ranar 1 ga watan Janairun, Shekara ta alif 1960, Cameroun na Faransa ya sami 'yaencin kai daga Faransa karkashin Shugaba Ahmadou Ahidjo. A ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba, Shekara ta alif 1961, tsohuwar Kamaru ta Kudancin Kamaru ta sami 'yanci ta hanyar kuri'ar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta shiga tare da Faransa Cameroun don kafa Tarayyar Jamhuriyar Kamaru, ranar da a yanzu ake kiyaye ta a matsayin Ranar Hadakawa, hutun jama'a. Ahidjo ya yi amfani da yakin da ke gudana tare da UPC don tattara iko a cikin shugaban kasa, ya ci gaba da wannan har bayan an danne UPC a shekara ta alif 1971.

Jam’iyyarsa ta siyasa, Kungiyar Kawancen Kamaru (CNU), ta zama ita kadai ce jam’iyyar siyasa ta siyasa a ranar 1 ga watan Satumba, Shekara ta alif 1966, kuma a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu, Shekara ta alif 1972, aka kada kuri’ar raba gardama don soke tsarin gwamnatin tarayya don goyon bayan Hadaddiyar Jamhuriyar Kamaru, wacce ta fito daga Yaoundé. Wannan rana a yanzu ita ce ranar Kasa ta kasar, hutu ga jama'a. Ahidjo ya bi manufofin tattalin arziki na shirin sassaucin ra'ayi, fifiko amfanin gona da ci gaban man fetur. Gwamnati ta yi amfani da kudin mai wajen kirkirar asusun kasa, da biyan manoma kudi, da kuma daukar nauyin manyan ayyukan ci gaba; sai dai kuma, wasu dabaru da dama sun gaza yayin da Ahidjo ya nada wasu kawayen da ba su cancanta su jagorance su ba.

Ahidjo ya sauka daga mulki a ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamba, Shekara ta alif 1982, kuma ya bar mulki ga magajinsa na tsarin mulki, Paul Biya. Koyaya, Ahidjo ya kasance cikin ikon CNU kuma yayi ƙoƙarin tafiyar da ƙasar ta bayan fage har sai Biya da abokan sa sun matsa masa yayi murabus. Biya ya fara mulkinsa ne ta hanyar komawa ga mulkin dimokiradiyya, amma juyin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba ya shagaltar da shi ga salon shugabancin wanda ya gada.

Rikicin tattalin arziki ya fara aiki a tsakiyar 1980s zuwa ƙarshen 1990s sakamakon yanayin tattalin arziƙin ƙasa da ƙasa, fari, faɗuwar farashin mai, da cin hanci da rashawa na shekaru da yawa, rashin shugabanci, da nuna ƙarfi. Kasar Kamaru ta koma ga taimakon kasashen waje, ta rage kudaden da gwamnati ke kashewa, da kuma masana’antu masu zaman kansu. Tare da sake dawo da siyasar jam'iyyu da yawa a watan Disambar, shekarar alif 1990, tsoffin kungiyoyin matsin lamba na Kudancin Burtaniya da ke matsin lamba sun yi kira da a ba da 'yancin cin gashin kai, kuma Majalisar Koli ta Kudancin Kamaru ta ba da shawarar cikakken ballewa a matsayin Jamhuriyar Ambazonia. Dokar kwadago ta Kamaru ta Shekarar alif 1992, ta bai wa ma’aikata ‘yancin kasancewa cikin kungiyar kwadago ko kuma kada su kasance cikin kowace kungiyar kwadago kwata-kwata. Zabi ne na ma'aikaci ya shiga kowace kungiyar kwadago a cikin aikinsa tunda akwai kungiyar kwadago fiye da daya a kowace sana'a.