Bauta
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Bayanai | |
Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
social relation (en) ![]() |
Bangare na |
unfree labour (en) ![]() |
Facet of (en) ![]() | Wariyar launin fata |
Tarihin maudu'i |
history of slavery (en) ![]() |

Bauta da enslavement su ne halin zama da yanayin zaman bawa, wanda shi ne wanda aka hana shi barin hidimar bawa, kuma wanda mai bautar da bawa ya ɗauke shi a matsayin dukiyarsa. Bauta yawanci ta ƙunshi wanda aka bautar da aka sa ya yi wani nau'i na aiki yayin da kuma mai bautar ya faɗi inda yake. A tarihi, sa’ad da mutane suke bauta, sau da yawa yakan faru ne saboda suna bin su bashi, sun karya doka, ko kuma sun sha kashi na soja: Tsawon lokacin bautar na iya zama na rayuwa ne, ko kuma na ƙayyadadden lokacin da aka ba su ’yanci. [1] Don haka, daidaikun mutane sukan zama bayi ba da gangan ba, saboda tilastawa, ko da yake akwai kuma bautar son rai don biyan bashi ko samun kuɗi don wata manufa. A cikin tarihin ɗan adam, bautar wani nau'in siffa ce ta wayewa, kuma ta shari'a a yawancin al'ummomi, to amma yanzu an haramta ta a duk ƙasashen duniya, sai dai a matsayin hukuncin laifi. [2]

A cikin bautar chattel, ana ba da bawa bisa doka ta mallaki dukiya (chattel) na mai bawa. A fannin tattalin arziki, kalmar de facto bautar tana kwatanta yanayin aiki mara yanci da aikin tilastawa wanda yawancin bayi ke jurewa.
A 2019, kusan mutane miliyan 40, waɗanda kashi 26 cikin ɗari yara ne, ana bautar da su a duk faɗin duniya duk da cewa haramun ne. A cikin duniyar zamani, fiye da kashi 50 cikin 100 na bayi suna ba da aikin tilastawa, yawanci a cikin masana'antu da shagunan gumi na kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na tattalin arzikin ƙasa. A cikin ƙasashe masu arzikin masana'antu, fataucin ɗan adam wani nau'in bauta ne na zamani; a ƙasashen da ba masu sana’a ba, bauta ta hanyar bautar bashi wani nau’i ne na bautar da mutum, kamar bayin gida da aka kama, auren dole, da yara kanana.




Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Baker-Kimmons, Leslie C. "Slavery" in Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society, Volume 3, p. 1234 (edited by Richard T. Schaefer, SAGE Publishing, 2008).
- ↑ Bales 2004.