Thierno Abdourahmane Bah,

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Thierno Abdourahmane Bah,
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Labé (en) , 1916
ƙasa	Gine
Mutuwa	22 Satumba 2013
Karatu
Harsuna	Faransanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	marubuci, maiwaƙe da ɗan siyasa
Imani
Addini	Musulunci

Tarihin rayuwa: Rayuwa ta farko: 1916-1927 An haifi Thierno Abdourahmane Bah a shekara ta 1916 a Donghol Thiernoya, Labe, Guinea. Shi ne mafi girman girman 'ya'ya maza tara na Thierno Aliou Boûbha Ndiyan. Thierno Abdourahmane shine na uku daga yara hudu daga Nênan Maryama Fadi Diallo, wanda ya mutu a shekarar 1978 yana da shekaru 102.A cikin dangi, ana kiran yara maza da suka yi baftisma kamar shi Thierno, saboda girmamawa ga kakan Thierno Abdourahmane Nduyeejo, ɗan Thierno Malal Jafounanke,limamin farko na Labé. Yi caji cewa Karamoko Alpha Mo Labé ne ya damka shi, kuma tun daga wannan lokacin kusan zuriyarsa ke ɗaukar nauyinsa.

Yara

Gidan Thierno Aliou Bhoubha Ndiyan a cikin Labe Thierno Abdourahmane ya yi rayuwarsa ta farko yayin da aka yarda da mahaifinsa Thierno Aliou Bhoubha Ndiyan kuma aka yarda da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin jagororin ruhun jama'a a cikin Fouta-Djallon, memba na aristocracy na littafin a cikin karni na 18 da 19. Paul Marty, wanda ya halarta a hankali kuma ya "yi nazari" Thierno Aliou a cikin 1915, baya ɓoye ainihin sha'awar da ya ji halartar malamin. Ya dauke shi a matsayin "masanin Larabci mai daraja ta farko, wanda yake da ilimi sosai a fannin larabci da kuma ilimin addinin Islama," wanda "ya shafi kowa da iliminsa, tsoron Allah da darajarsa da dai sauransu. na Karamokos sun shafe ƙaramin shekarunsu a Makarantarsa ​​ Ya ambaci lamba, yana mai lura da cewa "waɗannan gabaɗaya sun fi ilimi", ya rubuta: Thierno Aliou ya bayyana cewa ya mai da hankali kan ɗaga wasu hanyoyin koyarwar na Foula na yau da kullun da kuma ba ɗalibansa wasu Maganganun larabci,

Thierno Aliou Bhoubha Ndiyan ba wai kawai babban malamin manyan littattafai ba ne, mai ilimantarwa na zamani, sannan kuma ya kasance shahararren mawaki a cikin Larabci da kuma Poular, wanda Paul Marty ya lura da shi a addinin Musulunci a Guinea 1917. A cewar Ibrahima Caba Bah, 'ya'yansa sun ba da labarai cewa wasu maraice, bayan da wutar ta kare a makarantar, ya kan hada wasu daga cikin daliban, galibi karkashin jagorancin Thierno Oumar Kaana, don sanya su karanta baitocin nasa. daga ɗayan littattafansa (Maqaliida-As-Sa'aadati). Ya saurari daga ɗakinsa a tsaye a ƙarƙashin itaciyar lemu a tsakar gida, wanda wutar da take mutuwa ta haskakawa ta haskaka shi

Matasan, suna sane da hankalin da suke nunawa game da hotunan da suke yi wa maigidansu mai girmamawa, za su tafi da zuciya ɗaya, tare da sanya mafi kyawun gwaninta. Ba tare da tunani ba, sun ɗanɗana waƙoƙin, sun haɗu da larabcin mai wadatarwa kuma, ta hanyar haɗuwa. Gaskiyar ita ce, yawancin waɗannan ɗaliban sun bar kyawawan halaye idan ba waƙoƙi masu daɗi ba, galibi a cikin Pular, wanda ya fi bayar da fa'ida shi ne Thierno Jawo Pellel.

Saboda haka a cikin dangin dangi inda nazarin littattafai da motsa jiki na hankali shine babban aikin da Thierno Abdourahmane ya fara gano duniya. Lokacin da yara da matasa da yawa, suna zaune a cikin da'ira a sararin sama, a kewayen babbar wuta don nazarin maraice, sautuka ko ayoyin Kur'ani da aka rubuta a kan allunansu, wasan kwaikwayon "Sauti da Haske" yana nuna waƙar da ba za ta iya manta da kowa ba wanda ya rayu ko kuma kawai aka lura. Kada ku nemi wani wuri don asalin da Thierno Abdourahmane yake jan hankalinsa ga rubutacciyar kalmar, da kuma waƙoƙi musamman.

Thierno Abdourahmane, duk da ƙuruciyarsa, yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan, tare da ɗan'uwansa Thierno Habibou, wanda ya haddace Kur'ani Mai Tsarki a ƙarƙashin jagorancin mahaifinsu, ya kammala Bu hanu da Sulaymi, littattafai biyu, na Musulunci. 'Yan uwan ​​biyu sun kuma kammala littafin Shaykh Abu Zayd, sanannen limamin garin Kairouan a Tunisia, da Ricalat, wannan wasiƙar da ke cike da girma da kuma cikakken littafin doka da tsarin addinin Islama, wanda aka koyar a duk makarantun Kur'ani na Fouta-Djallon. Tare da dan dan uwansu Dai, dan Alfa Bakar Diari, ‘yan’uwan biyu sun kasance a cikin bita na Muhayyibi, waka don darajar annabi Muhammad.Thierno Aliou Bhoubha Ndiyan ya lura da wayayyen da yaron nasa yake dashi, don haka ya karfafa shi bisa tsari, duk da cewa ya rayu shekaru goma sha daya a karkashin inuwar kai tsaye Thierno Aliou.Mutuwar Thierno Aliou tabbas ba ta kasa barin ɗansa mara ƙarfi ba. Amma azurtawa tana lura da shi, mai yiwuwa wataƙila don albarkar Thierno Aliou, wanda ya rubuta a cikin Maqaliida -As- Saaadati:

Zan yabi Annabi duk rayuwata. Bayan mutuwata, ta gaji daga gare ni, ina yabon Annabi, wanda yake daidai da ni.

Sonan zai nuna fifikon wannan magana a cikin littafinsa, Wasiyyat-tu Al-Walidi. Akwai lokacin da za a yi doudhal, bayan mutuwar Thierno Aliou a cikin watan Maris na 1927, ɗaliban da suka ci gaba, waɗanda suka kasance maimaitawa da mataimakan ilimi. Thierno Mamadou Sow, ɗan Thierno Oumarou Perejo, Thierno Abdoullahi Rumirgo, ɗan Salli Ouri, Thierno Oumarou Kana na Taranbali, mutumin da ke da kwarin gwiwa, "almajirin da aka fi so" na Thierno Aliou, Thierno Jawo Pellel, mawaki, wanda daga baya ya yi rubutu game da abokin aikinsa kuma dattijo:

Akwai kuma Thierno Oumarou Taran, wanda ɗalibin maigidana ne; ya mallake ni kuma ya taimake ni na dawo ba tare da kuskure ba. Maigidan ya so shi kuma ya kusance shi ... Haƙiƙa yawancin sirrinsa, bai ɓoye shi ba. Zai sanya shi a matsayinsa na 'ya'yansa, saboda wannan a bayyane yake soyayyar da ta ci gaba da zama sirri ne wanda ban sani ba.

Thierno Abdourahmane Bah yayin huduba kafin sallar Juma'a a Masallacin Karamoko Alpha Mo Labé a 1989 Akwai a ƙarshen, a Thierno Aliou Doudhal a cikin watan Maris 1927, ɗaliban da suka ci gaba waɗanda suka yi aiki a matsayin masu koyarwa da mataimakan koyarwa. Thierno Mamadou shuka, ɗan Thierno Oumar Perejo, da Thierno Abdoullahi Roumirgo, ɗan Salli Ouri. Har ila yau akwai Thierno Oumar Kaana na Taranbaali, almajirin da Thierno Aliou ya fi so. Akwai kuma Thierno Jawo Pellel, mawaki, wanda daga baya ya yi rubutu game da abokin aikinsa kuma dattijo:

Akwai kuma Thierno Oumarou Taran, wanda ɗalibin maigidana ne; ya mallake ni ya kuma daidaita ni ba kuskure. Maigidan ya ƙaunace shi kuma ya kusace shi. Lallai da yawa daga cikin sirrinsa, bai boye shi baYa sanya shi a cikin 'ya'yansa, saboda abin da ke bayyane soyayyar da ta ci gaba da zama boyayye ba ni da ganewa

Ilimi

Bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa a 1927, Thierno Abdourahmane Bah, yana ɗan shekara goma sha ɗaya ya koyi karatu da rubutu na Kur'ani, farkon zagaye na koyarwar gargajiya Fouta-Djallon. Ya yi karatu a Thierno Oumar Pereedjo Dara - Labe, inda ya yi karatu daga 1927 zuwa 1935. Thierno Oumar wani almajiri ne da aka horar a makarantar Thierno Aliou Bhoubha Ndiyan, wanda ya kasance ɗan wa ne. Thierno Abdourahmane Bah ya koya daga wajen dan uwan ​​nasa: Grammar (nahaw), Law (fiqh), theology (Tawhid), da sauran fannoni (Fannu, bayan, Tasrif, Maani). Tafsir (Kur'ani mai fassara) ya nuna lokacin karatun, kuma ya bashi, bisa ga al'ada, taken Thierno. A cikin shekarunsa na farko na karatu, Thierno Bah Abdourahmane ya nuna ainihin kyaututtukan waƙoƙin da ya bayyana a cikin yanayin larabci da Pular. Ya ci gaba koyaushe wannan aikin adabi a cikin yarukan biyu.

Rubutu

Thierno Abdourahmane ya samar da adadi mai yawa na rubutu, cikin larabci da kuma Pular (caakal da gimi). Littattafan larabci wadanda suke nuni da halin addini sune hudubobin da ya gabatar kafin sallar juma'a a Masallacin Alpha Karamoko Mo Labé. Wani rukuni na biyu na rubutun larabawa ya kunshi karatun makaranta akan tambayoyin da rayuwar zamani tayi wa alummar musulmai zuwa tarurrukan makarantar koyar da shari'ar musulinci wanda ya kasance memba kuma mataimakin shugaban kasa. Jigogin da aka inganta su ne: mazhabobi a cikin addinin Islama, farashin jini, cika yarjejeniyoyi, 'yancin dan adam, da uwaye mata, tsarin iyali, Taimakawa, da sauransu.

== Waƙoƙin Larabcin == Haɗaɗɗen Baƙin Larabci ya fara ne lokacin da Thierno Abdourahmane, ɗan shekara goma sha uku yana karatu a Thierno Oumarou Pereejo Dara-Labe. An tattara adadi da yawa karkashin taken Banaatu Afkaarii, 'Ya'yan Tunanina, a cikin juzu'i wanda Al-Hajj Hanafiyyou Kompayya ya rubuta. An buga rubutun a Kuwait, bisa shawarar Ministan harkokin kasashen waje na Sarkin kasar. Wannan tarin ya kunshi godiyar da dalibi Thierno Abdourahmane ya yiwa ubangidan nasa a karshen karatunsa, da kuma martanin da Thierno Oumarou Pereejo ya yi, yabo daga manyan larabawa da marubucin ya samu damar haduwa da shi: Gamal Abdel Nasser na Egypt, The King Fahd na Saudi Arabia, Sarkin Kuwait, da sauransu Wasu ayyuka guda biyu: Maqalida As- Saadati, mabuɗan farin ciki, da Jilada Mada.Fii Hizbi Al - Qahhar, waɗannan ayyukan guda biyu suna haɓaka waƙoƙin aikin gargajiya a cikin adabin larabci. Duk ayyukan asali suna da alaƙa guda biyu waɗanda ya haɓaka zuwa baiti biyar, suna ƙunshe da asali, suna riƙe da rhyme da mahimmancin ma'anar rubutun farko. Salon ana kiransa Takhmisu, wanda ke da kofa biyar. An buga Maqalida -As- Saadati a kasar Algeria, karkashin wannan taken, tare da taken: Miftahu AlMasarrati, Mabudin Farin Ciki, Waciyyatu-Al- Walidi, wanda Al Hajj Hanafiyyou ya rubuta da hannu, an buga shi a Conakry

Agv da yaƙi

Rayuwa tana cikin nutsuwa da sauki ga Thierno Abdourahmane tsakanin hisan uwansa, matansa da coman uwansa, tare da aikinsa na al'ada da muke aiwatarwa ba tare da tunani mai yawa ba. Ba zato ba tsammani za a katse shi farat ɗaya lokacin da Hitler ya fara Yaƙin Duniya na II.Hitler ya bayyana cewa yakin nasa,yayin da mutane ke tahowa cikin sauki, har sai lokacin, suna ci gaba da harkokin su, watsar da hakan kuma suka sanya kansu cikin yanayi na fada. Thierno Abdourahmane, mai ɗimbin makamai, ya fara lura da ƙaruwar matsalolin da ke addabar jama'a, 'yan ƙasa. Ya rayu cikin tsananin wahala, mawaƙi wanda ya san kansa a matsayin madubin mutanensa, kamar yadda ya rubuta daga baya: Mawaƙi ne wanda ke farantawa mutane rai, wanda ya ninka himmarsu; kuma mawaƙi ne ke girgiza zukata waɗanda ke rayarwa.Bayan yakin, Fulani masu hankali na Fouta Djallon sun kirkiro wata kungiyar al'adu, Amicale Gilbert Viellard (agv) don Renaissance da ci gaban Lafiya mai kyau. Thierno Abdourahmane sha'awar Agv; ya yi daya daga cikin wakokin siyasarsa na farko don karfafawa Fulawa gwiwa don tallafawa kungiyar Amma Foulbhe, dalilinsu ya ɓace tun shekaru masu yawa; babu wani daga cikinmu da ke muhawara game da abin da yake yi. An kora mu kamar shanu zuwa makiyaya,ma'aikata zuwa kowane nau'in taches ashi, faɗuwa, ba tare da sanin dalili ko yaya ba.

Wasikar dimokiradiyya

wacce take bayanin ainihin manufofinta da hanyoyinta, kayan hadin kai ne ga al'ummar Fulani wacce shuwagabanninsu ya kamata su zama masu gaskiya da kishin kasa:Ya shugaban kasa, zama mai gaskiya, mai kaunar nasa ƙasa da mutanensa, wannan kaɗai ke haifar da manufa;Ya ku membobi, ku kasance a dunkule a kan wannan shugaba, kalli abin da yake yi.Rubutun ya samu karbuwa daga shugabannin Gilbert Viellard (AGV), gami da Mr. Yacine Diallo. An ninka waƙar kuma an rarraba ta ko'ina cikin Fouta. An zabi Thierno Abdourahmane a matsayin shugaban sashen na Agv a Labé, ya tsara, a yayin taron kungiyar a birni, da Hymn to Peace da Fouta Djallon, wanda aka yi maraba da shi da nasarar da ba a taba samu ba. Wakar ta bayyana wani waƙoƙi na ban mamaki da wahalar "yunƙurin yaƙi", ayyuka waɗanda aka ɗora wa zalunci a kan jama'a a lokacin tsakanin 1940-1944. Ya bambanta da bala'in yaƙi da zalunci, an girmama maza da yankuna na Fouta-Djallon, don ƙarfafa ƙaunar ƙasa, suna bayanin menene wannan soyayyar. Wakar ta ƙare da gayyatar foan banzan a wurin aiki da zuwa binciken. Thierno Abdourahmane ya nuna launi daga abubuwan da aka fi so na waƙoƙin da ya rubuta: soyayya da jinƙai ga masu tawali'u, nasiha ga nazari da aiki, kaunar landan :asar: Jigogi suna sane da dimokiradiyya, 'yan gurguzu ko kuma aƙalla masu taimakon jama'a cewa za ta ci gaba fiye da sau daya.

Bayyanar asalinsa Fouta

Wani jigon Thierno Abdourahmane shi ne kiran Fouta-Djallon, da shimfidar wurare da jama'arta, al'adun gargajiya, da lokutta. Thearshen waɗannan matani, wanda yayi ƙarshe (lannirdhun) yana ba da kyakkyawar ra'ayi game da tsinkaye wanda yake da yanayin. Jin daɗin ilimi bisa ga mawaƙi, yana da tsada, dalili: gayyata ce zuwa aikin kirkirar ci gaba, gabatar da aiki a matsayin ɗabi'a ta ɗabi'a, in ba haka ba addini. Ya dan uwa, ka ga kyan da aka yi wa kasarka, da fa'idodi da wadannan dukiyar da ba ta lalacewa! Kiyaye kasar ka, ka so ‘yan kasar ka,‘ ya’yan ka su basu ilimi, ka tabbatar da iyayen ka, ka wahala dasu, baza ka tuba ba! Cewa Anan na tsaya; wannan ya isa a fara fahimtar baiwar Allah Madaukakin Sarki, mara gajiyawa, Allah, ka cece mu, ka ceci Guinea, ka kara imani, Tarayya da fahimtarmu, da ni'imomi ba iyaka. Thierno Abdourahmane ya wadatar da rubutaccen wallafe-wallafen Fouta Djallon na abubuwa masu ban mamaki, duk da yanayin yanayin halittar su. Kagaggen labaran da aka haifa da gaskiya; ayyukan adabin da aka haifar da wani lamari ko wani yanayi da aka lura ko aka samu, ya haifar da hakan, wani yanayi na kirkirarru, wanda iliminsa ke tsara tunanin al'umma. A matsayin mutum na mai al'adu, Thierno Abdourahmane ya kasance mai ci gaba. Ya kasance cikin rayuwarsa ta sirri, kamar yadda yake a cikin imaninsa na Islama. Ya kasance mai ci gaba a cikin kirkirarrun littattafan Fula.

Rayuwar jama'a

Thierno ya kuma jagoranci ayyukan jama'a da yawa, kuma ya gudanar da ayyukan gudanarwa, siyasa, da addini. Ayyukan Siyasa 1945: An zaɓa shugaban ɓangaren Amicale Gilbert Vieillard (Agv) a cikin Labé

• 1956–1959: Mataimakin Magajin Garin Labé
• 1963-1966: Kwamandan Arrondissement na Thiangel-Boori (Labé)
• 1967–1969: Kwamandan Arrondissement na Timbi-Madiina (pita)
• 1971–1973: Kwamandan Arrondissement na Kona (Koin)
• 1974–1976: Kwamandan Arrondissement na Daara-Labé (Labé)
• 1975–1983: Sufeto na madrasas (Ecole Franco-Arabe) 1984–1987: Ministan shari'a na Guinea

Ayyukan Addini

1950: An zabi Khalife janar na kungiyar 'Yan uwa ta Tidjania don yammacin Afirka ta Cherif Boun Oumar 1950: zababben Ma'ajin Masallacin Karamoko Alfa Mo Labé. 1976–1984: Memba na Majalisar Musulunci ta Kasa ta Guinea, hukumar da ke kula da aikin hajji a Makka 1981: Mataimakin Shugaban Makarantar Koyon Addinin Musulunci ta Duniya (Majmau-al-Fiqh) 1973–1983: Limamin Babban Masallacin Karamoko Alpha Mo Labé 1984–1987: Imam Ratib na Babban Masallacin Faisal Conakry, Guinea 1987–2010: Imam Ratib na babban masallacin Karamoko Alpha Mo Labé

Mutuwa

Wikimedia Commons tana da kafofin watsa labarai masu alaƙa da Thierno Abdourahmane Bah. Thierno Abdourahmane ya shafe shekarun karshe na rayuwarsa a Labe, inda ya mutu 22 Satumba 2013 yana da shekara 97; an binne shi 23 Satumba 2013 a cikin yardar mahaifinsa, kusa da Babban Masallacin Karamoko Alpha Mo Labe.