Yaƙin Sirte na Biyu

Second Battle of Sirte
	naval battle (en)
Bayanai
Bangare na	Battle of the Mediterranean (en)
Kwanan wata	22 ga Maris, 1942
Wuri
	34°00′N 17°30′E / 34°N 17.5°E

Yaƙin Sirte na Biyu (a ranar 22 ga Maris 1942) ya kasance aikin sojan ruwa a cikin Bahar Rum, arewacin Tekun Sidra da kudu maso gabashin Malta, a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Jiragen yaki na rundunar sojojin Burtaniya zuwa Malta sun dakatar da rundunar da ta fi karfi na Regia Marina (Ruwa ta Italiya).^[1] Jirgin saman Burtaniya ya kunshi jiragen ruwa huɗu, tare da jiragen ruwa guda huɗu, jirgin ruwa guda ɗaya da masu hallaka 17.^[2] Sojojin Italiya sun hada da jirgin yaki, manyan jiragen ruwa guda biyu, jirgin ruwa mai sauƙi guda daya da masu hallaka goma. Duk da nasarar da Burtaniya ta samu wajen kare rundunar sojojin Italiya, harin jirgin ruwa na Italiya ya jinkirta isowar da aka shirya kafin asuba, wanda ya fallasa shi ga hare-haren iska masu tsanani waɗanda suka nutse dukkan jiragen ruwa huɗu da ɗaya daga cikin masu hallakawa a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa.^[3]

Tarihi

Har zuwa ƙarshen 1941, jiragen ruwa 21 tare da tan 160,000 mai tsawo (160,000 na kaya sun isa Malta ba tare da asarar ba kuma an tara kayan watanni bakwai. Jiragen ruwa uku zuwa Malta a cikin 1941 sun sha wahala daga asarar jirgin ruwa guda daya kawai. Daga Janairu 1941 zuwa Agusta 1942, jiragen ruwa 46 sun isar da tan 320,000 mai tsawo (330,000 amma jiragen ruwa 25 sun nutse kuma an karkatar da jiragen ruwa na zamani, masu inganci, jiragen ruwa da sojojin sama daga wasu hanyoyi na dogon lokaci; an gudanar da jigilar kayayyaki 31 ta jirgin ruwa. Ƙarfafawa ga Malta sun haɗa da ayyukan jirgin sama masu tsada da haɗari 19 don isar da mayakan. Malta kuma ta kasance tushe don ayyukan iska, teku da na karkashin ruwa a kan jigilar kayayyaki na Axis kuma daga 1 ga Yuni zuwa 31 ga Oktoba 1941, sojojin Burtaniya sun nutse kimanin tan 220,000 (220,000 na jigilar jiragen ruwa na Axis a kan hanyoyin jigilar jiragen kasa na Afirka, tan 94,000 (96,000 da kuma tan 115,000 (117,000 na Royal Air Force (RAF) da Fleet Air Arm (FAA). Jiragen ruwa da ke tafiya zuwa Afirka sun kai kashi 90 cikin 100 na jiragen da suka nutse kuma rundunonin Malta suna da alhakin kusan kashi 75 cikin 100 na jirage da jirgin sama ya nutse. Ayyukan soja daga Malta da kuma amfani da tsibirin a matsayin wurin tsayawa, ya haifar da yakin basasa na Axis a kan tsibirin a cikin 1941 da 1942.

Manazarta

↑ "The Alexandria operation showed the recovery from the grave crisis under whose menace the Italian Fleet had lain for two months, and indirectly it delineated a definitive Italian victory in the ′first battle of convoys′. In fact, it opened a period of clear Italian naval supremacy in the east-central Mediterranean." Bragadin, p. 152
↑ "With Vian's cruisers, Carlisle and the Hunts, the escort was well provided with anti-aircraft firepower as the entire force united on the morning of 21 March." Woodman, p. 294
↑ Bragadin, pp. 155–156

[1] "The Alexandria operation showed the recovery from the grave crisis under whose menace the Italian Fleet had lain for two months, and indirectly it delineated a definitive Italian victory in the ′first battle of convoys′. In fact, it opened a period of clear Italian naval supremacy in the east-central Mediterranean." Bragadin, p. 152

[2] "With Vian's cruisers, Carlisle and the Hunts, the escort was well provided with anti-aircraft firepower as the entire force united on the morning of 21 March." Woodman, p. 294

[3] Bragadin, pp. 155–156

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