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Malta
Flag of Malta (en) Coat of arms of Malta (en)
Flag of Malta (en) Fassara Coat of arms of Malta (en) Fassara

Take L-Innu Malti (en) Fassara
Kirari «Truly Mediterranean»
Suna saboda zuma
Wuri
Map
 35°54′N 14°30′E / 35.9°N 14.5°E / 35.9; 14.5
Babban birni Valletta
Yawan mutane
Faɗi 553,214 (2023)
• Yawan mutane 1,750.68 mazaunan/km²
Harshen gwamnati Malti (mul) Fassara
Turanci
Addini Kiristanci
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na Kasashen common wealth, Tarayyar Turai da European Economic Area (en) Fassara
Yawan fili 316 km²
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku Bahar Rum
Wuri mafi tsayi Ta' Dmejrek (mul) Fassara (253 m)
Wuri mafi ƙasa Bahar Rum (0 m)
Sun raba iyaka da
Bayanan tarihi
Mabiyi State of Malta (en) Fassara da Crown Colony of Malta (en) Fassara
Ƙirƙira 21 Satumba 1964
Tsarin Siyasa
Tsarin gwamnati parliamentary democracy (en) Fassara
Majalisar zartarwa Government of Malta (en) Fassara
Gangar majalisa Parliament of Malta (en) Fassara
• President of Malta (en) Fassara Myriam Spiteri Debono (4 ga Afirilu, 2024)
• Prime Minister of Malta (en) Fassara Robert Abela (en) Fassara (2020)
Majalisar shariar ƙoli Constitutional Court of Malta (en) Fassara
Ikonomi
Nominal GDP (en) Fassara 17,765,270,015 $ (2022)
Kuɗi euro (mul) Fassara
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci
Suna ta yanar gizo .mt (mul) Fassara
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho +356
Lambar taimakon gaggawa *#06#, 191 (en) Fassara, 199 (en) Fassara, 196 (en) Fassara da 116117 (en) Fassara
Lambar ƙasa MT
NUTS code MT
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo gov.mt
Twitter: MaltaGov Edit the value on Wikidata

2021 Asididdigar Malta ta 422 ta [1] [2]: Asalin asalin na launin fata bisa ga mafi yawan 'yan kwanannan. A halin yanzu 77.8% na yawan jama'a su ne masarautu ko 'yan ƙasa.[3] ,[4] ^ Hakanan .eu, raba tare da sauran jihohin Tarayyar Turai[5] [6] [7] Malta,[8] bisa hukuma Jamhuriyar Malta,[9] kasa ce a Kudancin Turai wanda ke cikin Bahar Rum, tsakanin Africal da Arewacin Afirka. Ya ƙunshi wani tsibirin Archipelago 80 km (50 mi) kudu na Italiya, 284 km) gabashin gabas na Tunisiya, [137 mi) gabas na Tunisia, [137 mi) Gabashin Thia, [137 mi) arewa (20] [10] harauna biyu na hukuma suna baletes da Ingilishi. Babban birnin kasar nan ba shi ne Valletta, wanda shine mafi karancin babban birni a Tarayyar Turai (EU) ta yankin da yawan jama'a. [11] [12] Tare da yawan jama'a kusan 542,000 [13] Sama da yanki na 316 km2 (122 sq mi), ƙasa mai zuwa ta goma a yankin [4] da na tara da aka mamaye su. Various sources consider the country to consist of a single urban region,[[14] [15] ] for which it is often described as a city-state.[16] [17]]

Malta ya kasance zaune tun akalla 6500 BC, a lokacin Mesolithic[18] Matsayinta a tsakiyar Bahar Rum ta ba shi mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci, tare da jere ikon da ya yanke wa tsibirin da al'adunta. [19] wanan sun haɗa da masu gidan yanar gizo, Carbagagin, Heleks, da Romawa a cikin tsufa; Larabawa, masani, da Aragonese a cikin tsararraki; da kuma na asibiti na asibiti, Faransanci, da Ingila a cikin zamanin zamani. [20] [21] [22] ya zo karkashin mulkin Ingila a farkon karni na 19 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin hedkwata ga rundunar jiragen ruwan Burtaniya. Powersarfin Axis an kewaye shi lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II kuma ya kasance babban gado na Arewacin Afirka da Rumererranean. [23] MALTA ta cimma matsastanci a shekarar 1964, [24] kuma kafa wani dan al'ummomin al'ummomi a cikin 1974. Ya kasance memba ne na memberi na kabilanci na jama'a; Ya shiga Tarayyar Turai a shekara ta 2004 da kuma Uwaronin Kula da Eurozone a 2008. [25] Tarihin mulkin Malta da kuma kusancinta ga kasashen Turai da arewacin Afirka sun rinjayi zane-zane, kiɗan, abinci, da gine-gine. Malta tana da cikakkiyar dangantakar tarihi da al'adu zuwa Italiya kuma musamman silily; tsakanin 62 zuwa 66 cikin 100 na mutanen da Maltes suna magana ko kuma sanannen harshe na Italiyanci, wanda ke da matsayin hukuma daga 1530 zuwa 19344. [26] Malta wani wuri ne na jihar Kiristanci, kodayake kundin tsarin mulkin kasar yana tabbatar da 'yancin yin rashin gaskiya da bautar addini. [27] [[28] [29] Malta wata ƙasa ce mai ci gaba da ci gaba, tattalin arziƙi. Yana da aminci sosai ga yawon shakatawa, yana jan hankalin matafiya da kuma manyan gidajen shakatawa, da manyan gidajen nishaɗi, da kuma manyan abubuwa na yau da kullun.[30] [31]

Suna

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sunan Turanci Malta ya samo asali daga Ilatu da Malteseal Arabic Māli māli Māliṭā (مالطا), daga Doric Fellas (ماίτη) na tushen da gane. Sunan Melítē-Alget-ya raba shi da Tsibirin Croatian a cikin tsufa-a zahiri yana nufin "Wuri mai kyau na Méli ,[32] da wannan abu mai dadi) [-BY). Tsoffin Helenawa na iya ba da tsibirin wannan suna bayan bayan wahalar malta na ƙudan zuma. [33] A [34]madadain, wasu malamai suna jayayya don haifar da sunan Helenanci daga cikin PHOENICE na asali da kuma ambaliyar "ambaliyar" na farko a cikin karni na 10 BC. [35]Daga nan sai aka nemi sunan Malta ta hanyar Helenawa da tsohuwar babban birninta a MDina ta hannun Romawa. [36] ,[37] [38] Malta da Maltesem Maltese an tabbatar da su cikin Ingilishi daga karni na 16 zuwa karni na 16. [39]Littafi Mai Tsarki fassarar Turanci gami da Sarki James na 1611 ya yi amfani da tsarin Latin na Latin mai rauni, kodayake Littafi Mai-Tsarki ta yi amfani da fassarar Melite maimakon. Ana amfani da Malta sosai a cikin sigogin kwanan nan. [40]

Tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Babban Labari: Tarihin Malta Prehistory Duba kuma: Gidan ibadan Megalithic na Malta, Gilar Saflien Hispoum An zauna Malta daga aƙalla Circa 6500 BC, tare da isowar mafarauta-gathoharfurrers ya samo asali daga silily. Gano a Cave Archae Schoeor Schoga ya hada da ragowar Hearths, kayan aikin dutse da kuma bambancin ƙasusuwa daban-daban. Waɗannan sun haɗa da jan gwal masu ja da yanzu sun ƙare, kifi da dabbobi masu shayarwa, har ma da yawan ƙwayar cuta. Don isa kan Malta, waɗannan masu farauta sun haye kusan kilomita 100 na bude ruwa, suna yin dadewa mafi tsawo a cikin sanannun teku a cikin Rederranean. [41] Hukuncin Hippos na Dwarf, giant Swans da Hwarf giwalen da aka danganta da tarihin 'yan Adam a kan Malta. [[42] duk da haka wannan ba a tsammani tun da haka kwanan nan aikin ya nuna wadannan dabbobin sun lalata dubban shekaru kafin su zo da farko mutane da sanannen mafarauci-masu yawa. [43] An yi da'awar don zama a cikin wani yanki na tsibirin ta hanyar Neanderthals an yi watsi da su sosai. [44] Manyan manoma na Muslithic, shima sun samo asali daga Sicily, ana tunanin su isa tsibiran da kusan 5400 BC. [45] Prehistoric Northing Dating zuwa farkon Neolithic sun hada da gera dam na Dalamin Dalar Dalam site a saman yadudduka da ke hade da dabbobi masu gida.[46] Yawan Neolithic akan hatsi na Malta ya yi10.1002/9781444323986 da aka gabatar, kuma, tare da sauran tsoffin al'adun Rum, [47] [48] Al'adar Megalithic magudanan gine-ginen sannan ko dai ya kawo ko tashi daga wannan farkon lokacin. Kimanin 3500 BC, waɗannan mutanen sun gina wasu tsofaffin tsarin data kasance masu kyauta a duniya a cikin duniya sun haɗa da waɗanda suke a ħaġar Qim da MnAjdra. [49] haikalin suna da keɓaɓɓen gine-gine, yawanci tsayayyen ƙafar Trefoil ƙirar, kuma ana amfani da su daga 4000 zuwa 2500 BC. Bayanan alfarma sun nuna cewa hadayun dabbobi an sanya su ne ga allahntility, wanda ya zama yanzu a cikin gidan kayan aikin ɗan fim din Carlletta. [[50] Wani fasalin archaeological na Tsibirin Maltese sau da yawa ya danganta ga waɗannan maganganun tsoffin abubuwa masu kyau "ko kuma manyan abubuwan da suka samu a Misera Il-Kbir (" clafam Junction "). Waɗannan na iya lalacewa ta hanyar katako na katako na katako mai laushi. [[51] [52] a fili ta bace daga tsibiran da ke kusa da 2500 BC, wataƙila saboda yunwar ko cuta.

Bayan da yawa na shekaru 2500 BC, da yawa daga shekarun da suka gabata har sai da yawan baƙi na tobal, al'adun da suka lalata tsarinta Megalithic da aka kira dolds.[53] Ana da'awar kasancewa cikin yawan jama'a ne ya bambanta da abin da ya gina gidajen megalithic na baya. Ana tsammanin yawan jama'a sun isa daga silily saboda irin wannan matsi na Maltes zuwa wasu ƙananan gine-gine da aka samo a can. [54]

Carmaniya da Romawa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Duba kuma: Magana, Clippi na Melqart, Tsohon Roma, Sicilia (lardin Roman), da Byzantine Malta

Al'umman da suka shafi Malta-zamanin daular ta Byzantine (daular a cikin 555 a karkashin Justinan Masarautar tun faɗuwar Masarautar Yammacin Roman (Verassals a cikin ruwan hoda). [55] Masu mulkin mallaka tsibiri a ƙarƙashin sunan Ann (𐤀𐤍𐤍, ') [56] Wani lokaci bayan 1000 BC [57] Wani lokaci ne bayan BC [58] lokaci bayan 1000 BC [59] ( lokaci ne bayan Rum 1000) An bayyana kujerunsu a Mdina, wanda ya raba sunan tsibirin; [[60]to [[61] Tashar tashar jirgin ruwa ta kasance a Cospicua a kan MDPICUa a kan MDPICUa, wanda ake kira Maleth. [62] faɗuwar penicia a cikin 332 BC, yankin ya zo ƙarƙashin ikon carthage. [63] [64] A wannan lokacin, mutane kan Mata musamman sun shuka zaituni da carob da kuma haifar da matani. [65]

Roman Mosaic daga Domvs Romana

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A yayin yakin farko na farko, tsibiri ya ci tsibiri bayan Marcus Atilius Regulus. [[66] baan gazawar balaguransa, tsibirin ya karu a hannun Carthage, kawai don sake cin nasara a lokacin yakin kwalliya na biyu a cikin Sempronius Longus. [67] Malta ya zama Foedera Presitas, ƙirar da ke nufin ta ware daga biyan haraji ko hukuncin dokar Roman, kuma ta fadi a cikin ikon lardin Sicialy. [68] birninta a MDina aka sake masa masa Melita bayan sunan Girkanci da Roman ga tsibirin. Duk da haka, duk da haka, ya kasance mai himma a kan tsibiran tare da sanannen Cippi na Melqart, Pivotal a cikin fahimtar harshen Punic, wanda aka sadaukar da shi a karni na biyu BC. [69] [70] ciyarwa Roman Roman, wacce ta daina a ƙarni na farko ta BC, [71] Yana nuna tsabar kudi na tsibirin na Girka da Punic Motsifs a zamanin Hellenanci da Punic da al'adun gargajiya. [72]

A ƙarni na biyu, Emperor Hadrian (r. 117-38) Matsayin Marin Malta zuwa Marina Dicauki, yayin da Harkokin Larabawa ne ke wakiltar MDina wakiltar Sicily. [[73] A AD 58, Bulus manzo da Luka mai wa'azin bishara an yi jigilar tsibirin. [74] Bulus ya kasance tsawon watanni uku, yana wa'azin bangaskiyar Kirista. ,[75] An ambaci tsibirin a ayyukan manzannin kamar Melitene (tsohuwar Helenanci: μελιήνη).[76]

A shekara ta 395, lokacin da aka rarraba Mulkin Rome a karo na ƙarshe a mutuwar Theodosius I, Malta, bin silily daular Yammacin Roman. [77] a lokacin ƙaura lokacin daular Rome Roman ya ragu, aka mallaki Malta ko ya mallaki da yawa.[78] 454 zuwa 464 Tsibirin sun mallaki tsibirin sun mallaki tsibiran, kuma bayan 464 ta hanyar ustrologi. [79] A 533, BeliSarius, kan hanyarsa ta cin nasara ga mulkin Vander a Arewacin Afirka, ya sake haduwa tsibirin a karkashin mulkin sarki [80] kadan da aka sani game da mulkin Byzantine a Malta: tsibirin sun dogara da taken Sicily kuma yana da gwamnonin Girka kuma suna da Girka, da ƙananan Gren Trelengon. [81] Yayin da aka ci gaba da yawan jama'a da tsofaffin, mazaunin Latinized, a wannan lokacin ne kudancin OSCillated tsakanin Paparoma da kuma sarki na Konstantinoful. [[82] Kalmar Byzantine ta gabatar da iyalan Girka zuwa Maltese na gama-gari. [83] Malta ya kasance a ƙarƙashin daular Byzantine har zuwa 870, lokacin da Larabawa suka rinjaye shi. [84]

Lokacin larabawa da Tsakiyar Tsakiya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Duba kuma: Yaƙe-yaƙe na Arab-Byzantine a Musulunci a Malta Malta ya shiga cikin yaƙin Arab-Byzantine, da kuma cin nasarar Malta ya danganta da cewa a cikin Sippantes Eupurehins, neman cewa Aghlabeds ya mamaye tsibirin. [85]-Horrapher al-heanata ta bata da cewa a cikin 870, sakamakon gwagwarmayar da Hadima suka kare, daga baya suka lalata yadda larabawa suka yi ta karba daga safiya 1048-1049. ,[86] Babu tabbas ko wannan sabon nassi ya haifar da fadada jama'a a cikin silily, mafi girma matsayin da ya barke a cikin sarakunan Arab. [87] juya halin na aikin gona na larabawa sun gabatar da sabon ban ruwa, auduga, da wasu 'ya'yan itatuwa. An dauki harshe na Siculo-larabci a tsibirin daga silily; Daga baya ya samo asali cikin yaren baltese. [88]

Norman mamayershi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Babban Labari: Marrassar mamayar Malta

Roger i na sicily ya dawo malta zuwa mulkin kirista. A likitocin sun kai hari kan Malta a 1091, a zaman sauran nasarorin da suke yi na silily. [89] jagiran Norman, Roger i na silily, an maraba da Kirista farilwaci, [90] A cikin tutar Reder da Fadakarwa Malta. [91] [92]

Malta ya kasance wani bangare na Sicily, wanda kuma ya rufe tsibirin Sicily da Kudancin Italiyanci na Kudancin Italiyanci. [93] Katolika da aka sake komawa a matsayin addinin jihar, tare da Malta a karkashin ganin Palermo, kuma wasu norman gine-gine spango a kusa da Malta, musamman a cikin babban birnin MDina. [94]Sarki Tangcred ya ba da izinin Mulkin ya kuma sanya ƙididdigar Malta a cikin 1192. Kamar yadda aka yi wa tsibiran da Malta suka yi nasara da yunƙurin cin nasara; Kashi na farko sun kware jinin Generoesers. [95]

Mulkin ya wuce zuwa daular daul din Hohenstauffen daga 1194 har zuwa 1266. Kamar yadda Emperor Frederick II ya fara aiwatar da mulkinsa na almara. [96]An ayyana Malta County da Marquisate, amma kasuwancin ya lalace. [97]

A taroararren taro na Larabawa ya faru ne a cikin 1224, da kuma gaba daya na yawan Krista maza na Abrzo a cikin Abrzo a cikin Abraizo a cikin Malta a cikin wannan shekarar. [98] A cikin 1249 Frederick II, Sarkin Roman, hukunci cewa za a kore dukkan sauran musulmai daga Malta [[99] ko tilasta wa tuba. [100]

A takaice dai, Mulkin da ya wuce gidan Inudian gidan Anjou, [101] Amma mazan suka sanya radakin yakin Genoa da aka kori Jamhuriyar Anjo Roa a 1275. [102] Kambi na Aragon da Knights na Malta Duba kuma: Mulkin Aragon, Cragon

Tutar Aragonese masarautar Sicial

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Gidan Artona ya mallaki Malagon, daga 1282 zuwa 1409

An yi wa sarakunan Aragon da na sarakunan Aragon Da wuri ne a cikin Serangenese ta azabar, 'ya'yan sakin sun karɓi ƙimar taken Malta. A wannan lokacin da yawa daga cikin rafin na gida aka kirkira. Ya zuwa 1397, duk da haka, da ke da taken taken da aka sake komawa zuwa wani mai hadi, da iyalai biyu suna yaƙi da rarrabuwa. Wannan Sarki Martin Na Rage Taken. A muhawara kan batun ya dawo lokacin da taken ya sake haduwa da fewan shekaru daga baya kuma Maltese, ya jagoranci lissafin Gonsalvo Monalvo. [[103] duk da cewa sun yi hamayya da ƙidasawa, Maltes ta nuna wajabta su ga kambi na Sicilian, wanda ya burge Sar, Alfonso v cewa bai hukunta mutane saboda tawayensu ba. Maimakon haka, ya yi alkawarin ba ya ba da taken zuwa ɓangare na uku kuma haɗa shi cikin kambi. An bai wa MDina na MDina Of Certà ba.[104]

A cikin Satumba 1429, Hafsid mahimminarnes ya yi kokarin kama Malta amma Maltese ta amince da Maltese. Masu mamayewa sun mamaye karkara dubu 3 a matsayin bayi. [105]


St. Paul's Cathedral, mdina ta gina a cikin saloque style A ranar 23 ga Maris 1530, [106] A ranar 23 ga Maris 1530, [107] v, Sarkin Roman, ya ba tsibirin Addinin Attley a karkashin jagorancin Maltese guda. [108] [[109] [110] [111] [112] [113] [[114] wadanan knan, an san umarnin addini na soja da aka sani da tsari na Stoh kuma daga baya a matsayin daular Ottoman a cikin 1522. [115]

The Knights Atiti Maitler Rushe Malta da Gozo tsakanin 1530 da 1798. [116] wannan lokacin, mahimmancin mahimmancin tsibiri ta girma sosai kamar ƙaramar ginin da ke kan iyakar tekun na Ottoman a kusa da Rum. [117]

A cikin 1551, yawan tsibirin Gozo (kusan mutane 5,000) aka bautar da su ta hanyar Bafarin Pires na Barratal kuma an kai shi Barbary Coast a Arewacin Afirka. [118]


An kai hari kan wasannin Ottoman a shafin Castilian Knights a ranar 21 ga watan Agusta 1565 Jean, Jean By Parisot de Vetto, ya tsallake babban kewaye da Malta ta Ottomans a 1565. [119] The Knights, tare da taimakon Fotigal, Spanish da Maltese Sojojin, sun jingina da harin.[120] [121] ==Manazarta

  1. ↑ MOL-tə
  2. ↑ "Interim Territorial Cohesion Report",
  3. ↑ Maltese: Repubblika ta' Malta [rɛˈpʊbːlɪkɐ
  4. ↑ Archived
  5. ↑ Bonanno, Anthony, ed. (2008). Malta and Sicily: Miscellaneous research projects (PDF). Officina di Studi Medievali. ISBN 978-88-88615-83-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 May 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  6. ↑ "Career guidance in Malta: A Mediterranean microstate in transition"
  7. ↑ "The Microstate Environmental World Cup: Malta vs. San Marino"
  8. ↑ Maltese: Repubblika ta' Malta [rɛˈpʊbːlɪkɐ
  9. ↑ Maltese: Repubblika ta' Malta [rɛˈpʊbːlɪkɐ
  10. ↑ 10.1016/j.cities.2004.07.001
  11. ↑ Zammit, Andre (1986). "Valletta and the system of human settlements in the Maltese Islands". Ekistics. 53 (316/317): 89–95. JSTOR 43620704
  12. ↑ "World Urbanization Prospects"
  13. ↑ Ashby, Thomas (1915). "Roman Malta". Journal of Roman Studies. 5: 23–80. doi:10.2307/296290. JSTOR 296290. S2CID 250349579. Archived from the original on 27 March 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2019
  14. ↑ "World Urbanization Prospects"
  15. ↑ "Interim Territorial Cohesion Report",
  16. ↑ Doing Business with Malta
  17. ↑ Draft National Strategy for the Cultural and Creative Industries – Creative Malta
  18. ↑ Scerri, Eleanor M. L.; Blinkhorn, James; Groucutt, Huw S.; Stewart, Mathew; Candy, Ian; Allué, Ethel; Burguet-Coca, Aitor; Currás, Andrés; Carleton, W. Christopher; Lindauer, Susanne; Spengler, Robert; Boxleitner, Kseniia; Asciak, Gillian; Colucci, Margherita; Gauci, Ritienne (May 2025). "Hunter-gatherer sea voyages extended to remotest Mediterranean islands". Nature. 641 (8061): 137–143. Bibcode:2025Natur.641..137S. doi:10.1038/s41586-025-08780-y. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 12043505. PMID 40205035.
  19. ↑ "Malta | History, Language, Map, People, & Points of Interest | Britannica"
  20. ↑ Historical Dictionary of Malta
  21. ↑ "Ritual Escalation in Malta"
  22. ↑ "George Cross Award Commemoration"
  23. ↑ "Christmas Broadcast 1967"
  24. ↑ "Should the George Cross still be on Malta's flag?"
  25. ↑ "Malta – EU country profile | European Union"
  26. ↑ Special Eurobarometer 386: Europeans and Their Languages
  27. ↑ "Malta Skills Survey 2022 - Preliminary Report"
  28. ↑ the original
  29. ↑ "Hal Saflieni Hypogeum"
  30. ↑ "Megalithic Temples of Malta"
  31. ↑ "City of Valletta"
  32. ↑ ,μέλι
  33. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta,
  34. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  35. ↑ "Greek Words in Maltese Harbour Toponymy"
  36. ↑ "Greek Words in Maltese Harbour Toponymy"
  37. ↑ "The Corps Disease: Brucellosis and Its Historical Association with the Royal Army Medical Corps"
  38. ↑ Perseus Project
  39. ↑ Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. "Malta, n.", and "Maltese
  40. ↑ Smith, William
  41. ↑ Special Eurobarometer 386: Europeans and Their Languages
  42. ↑ "Palaeolithic Man in the Maltese Islands"
  43. ↑ Eleanor M. L.; Blinkhorn, James; Groucutt, Huw S.; Stewart, Mathew; Candy, Ian; Allué, Ethel; Burguet-Coca, Aitor; Currás, Andrés; Carleton, W. Christopher; Lindauer, Susanne; Spengler, Robert; Boxleitner, Kseniia; Asciak, Gillian; Colucci, Margherita; Gauci, Ritienne (May 2025). "Hunter-gatherer sea voyages extended to remotest Mediterranean islands". Nature. 641 (8061): 137–143. Bibcode:2025Natur.641..137S. doi:10.1038/s41586-025-08780-y. ISSN 1476-
  44. ↑ "Hunter-gatherer sea voyages extended to remotest Mediterranean islands"
  45. ↑ "Hunter-gatherer sea voyages extended to remotest Mediterranean islands"
  46. ↑ 10.1002/9781444323986
  47. ↑ Archived
  48. ↑ "Old Temples Study Foundation"
  49. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
  50. ↑ "Archaeology and prehistory"
  51. ↑ "Ancient mystery solved by geographers"
  52. ↑ Mottershead, Derek; Pearson, Alastair; Schaefer, Martin (2008). "The cart ruts of Malta: an applied geomorphology approach". Antiquity. 82 (318): 1065–1079. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00097787. S2CID 162827926.
  53. ↑ ], Daniel. "Malta Before Common Era". The Megalithic Temples of Malta. Archived
  54. ↑ Piccolo, Salvatore; Darvill, Timothy (2013). Ancient Stones, The Prehistoric Dolmens of Sicily. Brazen
  55. ↑ "Notable dates in Malta's history"
  56. ↑ Culican (1992)
  57. ↑ "Greek Words in Maltese Harbour Toponymy"
  58. ↑ Filigheddu (2006)
  59. ↑ "Greek Words in Maltese Harbour Toponymy"
  60. ↑ Doing Business with Malta
  61. ↑ "Greek Words in Maltese Harbour Toponymy"
  62. ↑ "Greek Words in Maltese Harbour Toponymy"
  63. ↑ 10.2307/296290
  64. ↑ Marat (2005). Doing Business with Malta. GMB Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-905050-63-5.
  65. ↑ Marat (2005). Doing Business with Malta. GMB Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-905050-63-5.
  66. ↑ "Malta"
  67. ↑ "Malta"
  68. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  69. ↑ The Art Journal: The Illustrated Catalogue of the Industry of All Nations
  70. ↑ "Volume 16, Issue 1"
  71. ↑ "218 BC – 395 AD Roman Coinage"
  72. ↑ Cassar 2000
  73. ↑ "Malta"
  74. ↑ "Malta"
  75. ↑ "Malta"
  76. ↑ "Acts, chapter 28, verse 1"
  77. ↑ ABrown, Thomas S. (1991). "Malta". In Kazhdan, Alexander (ed.). Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford University
  78. ↑ Cassar 2000
  79. ↑ Cassar 2000
  80. ↑ Cassar 2000
  81. ↑ Cassar 2000
  82. ↑ Cassar 2000
  83. ↑ The Cambridge Ancient History
  84. ↑ "Malta"
  85. ↑ "Brief history of Sicily"
  86. ↑ Travel Malta. MobileReference. The Arab period and the Middle Ages. ISBN 978-1-61198-279-4.
  87. ↑ Travel Malta. MobileReference. The Arab period and the Middle Ages. ISBN 978-1-61198-
  88. ↑ Corpus Linguistics Around the World
  89. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta,
  90. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  91. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  92. ↑ , B. (1987) The Story of Malta. Third Edition.
  93. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  94. ↑ ]The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  95. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  96. ↑ et, B. (1987) The Story of Malta. Third Edition. Malta: Progress Press, p.37-38
  97. ↑ History of the colonies of the British Empire
  98. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  99. ↑ "Time-Line"
  100. ↑ Malta, Mediterranean bridge
  101. ↑ Malta under the Angevins
  102. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  103. ↑ "Superintendance of Cultural Heritage"
  104. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  105. ↑ "575th anniversary of the 1429 Siege of Malta"
  106. ↑ Denaro, Victor F. (1963). Yet More Houses in Valletta Archived 2 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine.
  107. ↑ de Vertot, Abbe (1728) The History of the Knights of Malta vol. II (facsimile reprint Midsea Books, Malta, 1989).
  108. ↑ "Malta History 1000 AD–present"
  109. ↑ "La cesión de Malta a los Caballeros de San Juan a través de la cédula del 4 de marzo de 1530",
  110. ↑ "LA SOBERANA ORDEN DE MALTA A TRAVÉS DE DIEZ SIGLOS DE HISTORIA Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA ACCIÓN HUMANITARIA"
  111. ↑ El halcón maltés regresará a España dos siglos después
  112. ↑ "La verdadera historia del halcón maltés"
  113. ↑ "El halcón y el mar"
  114. ↑ "El Rey volverá a tener otro halcón maltés en primavera"
  115. ↑ "Hospitallers – religious order"
  116. ↑ Devrim., Atauz, Ayse (2008). Eight thousand years of Maltese maritime history: trade, piracy, and naval warfare in the central Mediterranean. University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-3179-8.
  117. ↑ Atauz, Ayse (2008). Eight thousand years of Maltese maritime history: trade, piracy, and naval warfare in the central Mediterranean. University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-
  118. ↑ seafaring in mediaeval and post-mediaeval times". Mediterranean Historical Review. 18 (1): 32–58. doi:10.1080/09518960412331302203. ISSN 0951-8967. S2CID 153559318.
  119. ↑ Old World Empires: Cultures of Power and Governance in Eurasia,
  120. ↑ The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
  121. ↑ Braudel, Fernand (1995) The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II, vol. II. University of California Press: Berkeley
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