Poland

Poland
Rzeczpospolita Polska (pl) Polska (pl)
Flag of Poland (en) Coat of arms of Poland (en)
Take	Poland Is Not Yet Lost (en) (26 ga Faburairu, 1927)
Kirari	«Move your imagination» «Dychmyga!»
Suna saboda	Polans (en)
Wuri
52°N 19°E
Babban birni	Warszawa
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	38,382,576 (2019)
• Yawan mutane	122.75 mazaunan/km²
Harshen gwamnati	Polish (en) (harshen gwamnati)
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na	Tsakiyar Turai, Gabashin Turai, Tarayyar Turai da European Economic Area (en)
Yawan fili	312,683 km²
• Ruwa	2.6 %
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Tekun Baltic, Oder (en) , Lusatian Nysa (en) , Jizera (en) , Divoká Orlice (en) , Opava (en) , Olza (en) , Orava (en) , Białka (en) , Dunajec (en) , Poprad (en) , Western Bug (en) , Vistula (en) da Noteć (en)
Wuri mafi tsayi	Rysy (en) (2,499 m)
Wuri mafi ƙasa	Żuławy Wiślane (en) (−1.8 m)
Sun raba iyaka da	Kazech (1 ga Janairu, 1993) Jamus Ukraniya (1991) Slofakiya (1 ga Janairu, 1993) Belarus (1991) Lithuania (1991, 1918-1939) Rasha (1991)
Bayanan tarihi
Mabiyi	Congress Poland (en) , Regency Council (en) , Republic of Tarnobrzeg (en) , Rada Narodowa Księstwa Cieszyńskiego (en) da Polish People's Republic (en)
Ƙirƙira	11 Nuwamba, 1918:  Ƴantacciyar ƙasa
Ranakun huta	National Independence Day (en) (November 11 (en) ) New Year (en) (January 1 (en) ) Epiphany (en) (January 6 (en) ) Easter Monday (en) (Easter + 1 day (en) ) International Workers' Day (en) (May 1 (en) ) Pentecost (en) (Easter + 49 days (en) ) Kirsimeti (December 25 (en) ) Feast of Corpus Christi (en) (Easter + 60 days (en) ) May 3rd Constitution Day (en) (May 3 (en) ) Saint Stephen's Day (en) (December 26 (en) ) Armed Forces Day (en) (August 15 (en) )
Patron saint (en)	Adalbert of Prague (en) da Stanislaus of Szczepanów (en)
Tsarin Siyasa
Tsarin gwamnati	parliamentary system (en) , unitary state (en) da semi-presidential system (en)
Majalisar zartarwa	Council of Ministers (en)
Gangar majalisa	Parliament of Poland (en)
• President of the Republic of Poland (en)	Andrzej Duda (mul) (6 ga Augusta, 2015)
• Prime Minister of Poland (en)	Donald Tusk (mul) (13 Disamba 2023)
Majalisar shariar ƙoli	Supreme Court of Poland (en)
Ikonomi
Nominal GDP (en)	679,441,900,611 $ (2021)
Kuɗi	złoty (en)
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	Central European Time (en) UTC+01:00 UTC+02:00 (en) Europe/Warsaw (en) Central European Summer Time (en)
Suna ta yanar gizo	.pl (mul)
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	+48
Lambar taimakon gaggawa	*#06#, 986 (en) , 998 (en) , 999 (en) da 997 (en)
Lambar ƙasa	PL
NUTS code	PL

Palace in Rożdżały, Poland

tafsiran kasar Poland

Hasken rana a Poland

A zamanin da kabilai iri-iri sun yi yawa a cikin kasar Poland, kamar su Pomorzanie, da Polanie, da Wiślanie, da Goplanie, da Mazowszanie da sauran su. Duk mutanen nan suna jin harshe daya, kuma al’adunsu da sana’o’insu sun yi kama da juna, amma su a rarrabe suke, sai suna yaƙi da juna. Su arna ne, sabo da haka wata kabila ta yamma kullum fada take yi da kasar Jamus, inda duk jama'an Kiristoci ne. Ana nan sai wani sarki mai suna Mieszko ya yanke shawara a hada duk kabilai. Da farko ya mallaki kabilan Polanie, sabo da haka sunan kasarmu Poland ne. Bayan ya hada kabilai, ya zama shugaban kasa, kuma ya zama asalin iyalin sarakuna na ƙasar Poland mai suna PIASTOWIE.

Mieszko I (960-992) yana so ya zauna lafiya da sarkin Jamus – Otto I, saboda haka ya karɓi addinin Kirista a shekara ta 966. Daga wannan lokaci Poland ta zama ƙasar Kirista ne. Lokacin da yayi yaƙi da ƙasar Czech, ya auri ’yar ƙasar Czech – Dobrawa, wadda ta haifa masa ɗa namiji. Sunan sa Bolesław Chrobry (992-1025) wanda ya hau gadon sarautar ƙasar Poland. Ana cewa ya fi uban sa ƙarfi, ya sha yaƙi don ƙara ƙasa. A shekarar 1018 ya ci nasara da Jamus, wadda ita ce ƙasar mafi girma a Turai a zamanin nan. Bolesław Krzywousty (1102-1138): Ana cewa wai wannan sarki mayaki ne shahararre, amma ba shi da hankali. Yana da yaya da yawa. Ba ya son su yi yaki da juna bayan mutuwar sa, saboda haka ya rarraba kasar don ko wanne ya sami yankin sa. Kasar Poland ta rasa karfi. Bayan an yi shekaru dari da hamsin wani sarki mai suna Kazimierz Wielki ya sake hada kasa. Kazimierz III Wielki (1333-1370), wato „Kazimierz Mai Girma”, kuma ya yi matukar kokari don gyara kasar sa. Akwai wani kirari na sarkin nan wanda ake cewa „an haife shi a kasar mai gine-gina na itace, sai ya mutu a kasar mai gine-gine na dutse”. Ya sa anyi gine-gine na zamani. A zamanin sa ilmi da hikima suka karu, har ya kafa jami’ar Cracow, wacce take daya daga cikin jami’o’i na farko a Turai. An kuma gina coci da yawa, aka gina ganuwar gari. Yasa kasa ta zama mai karfi, mai muhimmanci. Kazimierz Wielki yana da mata hudu, amma bai da namiji, sai ’yan mata.

Iyali mai suna PIASTOWIE yayi mulki wajen shekaru ɗari hudu, har zuwa shekara ta 1370 bayan haihuwar Annaba Isa. Can an yi sarakuna mai girma, waɗanda suka ƙara faɗin ƙasa, kuma sun kula da addinin Kirista. Garuruwa da suka fi muhimmanci a wancan zamani, su ne Gniezno, wato gari mafi muhimmanci game da addinin Kirista, da Cracow, wato babban garin kasar. Bayan haka wani sabon iyali mai suna JAGIELLONOWIE ya sami mulki. A lokacin mulkin su Poland ta zama katon ƙasa mai ƙarfi, sabo da ta haɗa da ƙasar Lithuania. Amma sarakuna daga cikin wannan iyali ba su yi yawa ba, sai guda bakwai. Zygmunt II August, sarki na karshe daga cikinsu ba shi da ɗa ko ɗaya, sabo da haka bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1573, mutane masu kuɗi suka sami sarakuna daga wasu ƙasashe dabam na Turai. Daga wajen shekara 1600 kasar Poland ta yi yaki da makwabtanta – kasar Turkiya, Rasha da Ukraine. Yakin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne yaki da kasar Sweden. Kasar Poland ta ci nasara amma duk yakin nan sun dami mutane, sun bata kasar an kashe kudin baitulmal. Daga wannan lokaci, ƙarfin sarki ya fara ragewa, kuma wahaloli iri-iri na siyasa suka ɓullo.

Sarki na karshe shi ne Stanisław August Poniatowski (1764-1795). A zamanin sa ilmi ya karu. A shekara 1793 an gina sannaniyar fada cikin garin Warsaw, wadda ake kira Łazienki Królewskie. Mutane daga kasahen daban-daban suna zuwa Warszawa don kallon Łazienki Królewskie. Sarkin nan ya lura da mawaka da ‘yan kade kade da masu fasaha. An kafa ma’aikata mai kula da makarantu. A wannan lokaci makwabtan kasar Poland kamar Rasha, Jamus da Austria sun kara karfi. Nufin su ma shi ne a kwace kasar Poland, kowacce daga cikin su tana son daukar bangarenta. A shekara 1795 sun ci kasar Poland, kasar Poland ta rasa mulki, an zama yin mulkin mallaka a ƙasar. Mutanen kasar Poland sun sha wuya, saboda wadannan kasashen ba sa yi masu alheri. An hana yin magana a harshen Poland, kuma an hana koyar da tarihin kasar Poland. Mutanen kasar Poland sun yi kokari su sami yanci. Sun yi yaki da dama, inda mutane da yawa suka mutu. Bayan wahalce-wahalcen da suka dade shekara dari daya da ashirin da uku, kasar Poland ta sake samun yanci. Shugaban da ya shawara da karfi kuma da wayo sunan sa Józef Pilsudski. Shi da alkawaran sa sun sami yanci ranar 11 Nuwamba 1918, sabo da haka wanann rana ta zama bikin samun ’yanci.

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