Yaren Tocho
| Tocho | |
|---|---|
| Asali a | Sudan |
| Yanki | South Kordofan |
'Yan asalin magana | 2,700 (2013)[1] |
|
Nnijer–Kongo
| |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
taz |
| Glottolog |
toch1257[2] |
Tocho (Tacho) yare ne na Nijar-Congo a cikin dangin Talodi da ake magana a Kordofan, Sudan . Kimanin mutane ,700 ne ke magana da shi a cikin ƙauyuka masu zuwa: Igije, Imanjela, Thodero, Thoge, Tobaredeng, Tocho Goos, Tocho Saraf Jamus, Toderum, Togero, Togiding, Toriya, Torobang, Tothokrek da Turu.
Harshen harshe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Fasahar sauti[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ma'anar Ma'anar[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Wadannan an gabatar da jerin sunayen Tocho consonant phonemes bisa ga Akaki da Norton (2013:178). A cikin Tocho, ana iya furta plosives da hanci a duk wurare 5, amma hanci sun rasa wakilin hakora. I aka kwatanta da tsofaffin bayanai (Schadeberg 1981 [3]), flap_consonants" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tap and flap consonants">flap [ī] galibi yana haɗuwa da trill_consonant" id="mwHQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Trill consonant">trill [r, rr], amma kuma mutum na iya jayayya cewa an tattara sabbin bayanai (Alaki & Norton 2013:178-180 [1]) a Khartoum, inda Larabci na Sudan (wanda ba ya dauke da flap (ī), amma yana da trill [1]) shine harshen hukuma. Don haka [3] za a iya tabbatar da haɗuwa ba tukuna kuma dole ne a tabbatar da shi tare da bayanai a cikin ƙauyukan da ake magana da Tocho.
| Biyuwa | Dental | Alveolar | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bayyanawa | |||
| Hanci | |||
| Ƙididdigar | |||
| Trill | |||
| Flap |
Sautin sautin[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Nau'o'in suna[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Harshen Tocho yana amfani da prefixes daban-daban don rarrabe lambobin sunaye, an tsara su ta hanyar nau'ikan sunaye tare da nau'ikan prefix-biyu. Wadannan prefix-biyu sun kunshi mafi yawan duk consonant phonemes da kuma zaɓi na babu prefix (wanda aka yi alama a matsayin ø). mafi yawan azuzuwan kawai canje-canje na farko, amma a wasu bambancin tsakanin mutum ɗaya da jam'i ana nuna shi ta hanyar canji a wasu wasula na farko, kamar misali /ʊ ~ ə/ da /a ~ ə/ .
Ƙarin karantawa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Alaki, Thomas Kuku & Russell Norton. 2013. Tocho phonology da orthography. A cikin Roger Blench & Thilo Schadeberg (eds), Nazarin Harshen Dutsen Nuba . Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. shafi na 177-194.
Bayanan da aka ambata[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Template:Ethnologue18
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Tocho". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Cite error: Invalid
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