Aikin Shinkafar Mega
 Aikin Shinkafar Mega | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
government program (en)  da Gandun daji | ||||
| Bayanai | ||||
| Farawa | 1996 | |||
| Amfani |
rice farming (en) | |||
| Ƙasa | Indonesiya | |||
| Lokacin farawa | 1996 | |||
| Lokacin gamawa | ga Yuli, 1998 | |||
| Wuri | ||||
| ||||
An fara aikin Shinkafar mega a shekarar 1996 a sassan kudancin Kalimantan, yankin Indonesiya na Borneo . Manufar ita ce a mayar da hekta miliyan ɗaya na dajin fadamar da ba ta da amfani kuma ba ta da yawan jama'a zuwa ganyayen shinkafa a wani yunƙuri na rage ƙarancin abinci a Indonesiya. Gwamnati ta ba da babban jari wajen gina magudanan ruwa da kawar da bishiyoyi. Aikin bai yi nasara ba, kuma daga ƙarshe aka yi watsi da shi bayan ya yi ɓarna mai yawa ga muhalli.
Dubawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Peat yaci daji na yamma a Kudancin Kalimantan shi ne sabon abu na musamman wanda yake gida ga yawancin nau'in halitta kamar na Orangutans, har ma da rage-bushe da bishiyoyi masu mahimmanci. Dajin fadamar peat yanayi ne mai dual, tare da itatuwan wurare masu zafi daban-daban suna tsaye a kan wani Layer na peat 10m - 12m - wani juzu'i mai rufe da kayan shuka mai cike da ruwa - wanda hakan ke rufe ƙasa maras haihuwa. Peat shi ne babban kantin sayar da carbon. Idan aka rushe kuma aka ƙone shi yana taimakawa wajen fitar da iskar CO <sub id="mwGA">2</sub>, tushen ɗumamar yanayi . [1] Ba kamar dazuzzukan arewa ba, waɗanda ke sake haihuwa cikin shekaru 10 zuwa 30 ko da bayan an yanke sara, gandun daji na fadama na iya ɗaukar ƙarni da yawa don sake haihuwa.
A hankali ana share dazuzzukan fadamar peat na Kalimantan don ƙananan noma da noma kafin shekarar 1997, amma yawancin murfin asali ya kasance. A cikin shekarar 1996 gwamnatin Indonesiya ta ƙaddamar da Mega Rice Project (MRP), wanda ke da nufin canza kadada miliyan ɗaya na gandun daji na peat zuwa ganyayen shinkafa . Tsakanin shekarar 1996 da kuma 1998, fiye da 4,000 An tona magudanan kilomita da magudanan ruwa, an kuma fara sassare dazuzzuka ta hanyar dazuzzukan bisa doka, wani ɓangare kuma ta hanyar ƙonewa. Tashoshin ruwa, da tituna da layin dogo da aka gina don gandun daji na doka, sun buɗe yankin ga gandun daji ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. A cikin yankin MRP, murfin gandun daji ya ragu daga 64.8% a cikin shekarar 1991 zuwa 45.7% a cikin shekarar 2000, kuma an ci gaba da sharewa tun daga lokacin. Ya bayyana cewa a yanzu an kawar da kusan dukkan itacen da ake iya sayar da su daga yankunan da MRP ta rufe.
A yayin da dazuzzukan suka yawaita ambaliya har zuwa zurfin mita 2 a lokacin damina, a yanzu samansu ya bushe a kowane lokaci na shekara. Don haka gwamnati ta yi watsi da jam'iyyar MRP, amma bushewar peat na da rauni ga gobara da ke ci gaba da tashi. [2]
Lalacewar gandun daji yana haifar da gurɓacewar sulfuric acid na koguna. A cikin lokutan damina, magudanan ruwa suna fitar da ruwan acidic tare da babban rabo na pyritic sulfate a cikin koguna har zuwa 150. km sama daga bakin kogin. Wannan na iya zama abin da ke taimakawa wajen rage kamun kifi. [3]
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Deforestation in Borneo
- Borneo peat swamp forests – Ecoregion in Borneo
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Sabangau Forest Archived ga Yuli, 15, 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Ecological Impact of the One Million Hectare Rice Project in Cantral Kalimantan, Indonesia, Using Remote Sensing and GIS. Boehm, H-D.V. and Siegert, F.
- ↑ Effect of sulfuric acid discharge on river water chemistry in peat swamp forests in central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Akira Haraguchi