Amelia Francaci

Amelia Francisca Marchena Sánchez de Leyba, wacce aka fi sani da Amelia Francasci (An haife ta ranar hudu ga watan Oktoba shekara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da hamsin, -zuwa Fabrairu ishirin da takwas, shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da daya) marubuciya ce, wacce aka yi la'akari da ita mace ta farko da ta rubuta marubucin Dominican . An san ta don gabatar da nau'in tarihin kansa ga wallafe-wallafen ƙasa na Jamhuriyar Dominican . Francasci ' yar mata ce, kuma ta fuskanci babban zargi game da rubuta larabci a lokacin da ake sa ran mata su rubuta waƙa. An kuma soki ta saboda aikin da take yi a cikin adabin batsa .

Rayuwar farko

An haifi Amelia Francisca de Marchena Sánchez a Santo Domingo a cikin 1850, 'yar Rafael de Marchena Peláez, wanda Bayahude ne na asalin Sephardi, da Justa Sánchez de la Parra, wanda ya kasance Dominican. Ta na da 'yan'uwa hudu, ciki har da Eugenio de Marchena da Emilia de Cohén. Ta zaɓi sunan alƙalami Amelia Francasci bisa tsarin sunanta na biyu.

Sana'a

Francasci ta yi karatu a Antilles na Dutch, inda limaman cocin Katolika suka koyar da ita a makarantar kwana ta Welgelegen da ke Curacao . Ta yi magana da Mutanen Espanya, Yaren mutanen Holland, da Faransanci sosai, a lokacin da mata kaɗan ma suka san yadda ake rubutu.

A siyasance, Francasci ta kasance mai sassaucin ra'ayi, memba ce na Jam'iyyar Liberal Party ta Jamhuriyar lokacin. Ta kasance cikin masu mulkin kasar, kuma kwarewarta, aikin adabi, da matsayinta a rayuwar jama'a sun nuna ta a matsayin mace mai al'ada. Ko da yake mata a lokacin ba su da wani hakki, kuma tsarin mulki bai amince da su a matsayin batutuwa ba, har yanzu tana da zurfin fahimtar siyasa.

Francasci ta yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a matsayin marubuciya don littafin Dominican Listín Diario .

Ta buga littafinta na farko, Madre culpable, a cikin 1892. Daga nan ta samar da litattafai masu yawa a farkon shekarun 1900, ciki har da Francisca Martinoff a cikin 1901, ta yi la'akari da mafi mahimmancin littafinta, da Monseñor de Meriño íntimo, wani nau'i na tarihin Fernando Arturo de Meriño, a cikin 1926. Ana daukar aikinta a cikin al'adar costumbrismo . Yawancin littattafanta sun ɗauki sabon sautin tarihin tarihin rayuwa da introspective, gami da Recuerdos e impressiones: historia de una novella . Duk da haka, ta fuskanci suka da kuma rashin amincewa a duniyar adabi saboda matsawa iyakar abin da ake tsammani daga marubuta mata a lokacin. Masu sukar zamani sun tuhume ta da rashin rubuta labaran da aka tsara a ƙasarta ta haihuwa, inda ta zaɓi wurare masu nisa kamar Madrid. Sun kuma yi Allah-wadai da shigar da abubuwan batsa a cikin rubuce-rubucen ta, wanda ke cin zarafi ga marubuciya mace a lokacin.

Rayuwa ta sirri

Bayan ta kasance mai taurin kai har zuwa shekara talatin da shida, a cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da tamanin da shida ta auri Rafael María Leyba Amarante, wacce ta kasance ’yar shekara 11. Ya mutu a cikin 1909, kuma yayin da ma'auratan ba su bar zuriyar da aka sani ba a hukumance, an yi ta yayata yiwuwar kasancewar magada ga Amelia Francasci a baya. Ko da yake yawancin wasikunta sun ɓace a cikin 1930 Jamhuriyar Dominican guguwa, ta bar wasiƙun soyayya da yawa da aka aika wa marubucin Faransa Pierre Loti, ko da yake ana gardama kan ko dangantakarta da marubuci mai nisa ta kasance murfin wani soyayya. .

Bayan mutuwar mijinta, Francasci ta yi rayuwa a keɓe. Shekaru da yawa, da wuya ta bar gidanta a unguwar Ciudad Colonial ta Santo Domingo, inda ta zauna har mutuwarta a 1941.

Wani titi a Santo Domingo, a unguwar Los Prados, ana kiranta Calle Amelia Francasci don girmama ta.