Cutar Koda
| Kidney stone disease | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A kidney stone, 8 millimeters (0.3 in) in diameter | |
 | |
| Specialty |
Urology, nephrology  |
| Symptoms | Severe pain in the lower back or abdomen, blood in the urine, vomiting, nausea[1] |
| Causes | Genetic and environmental factors[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms, urine testing, medical imaging[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Abdominal aortic aneurysm, diverticulitis, appendicitis, pyelonephritis[2] |
| Prevention | Drinking fluids such that more than two liters of urine are produced per day[3] |
| Treatment | Pain medication, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy[1] |
| Frequency | 22.1 million (2015)[4] |
| Deaths | 16,100 (2015)[5] |
Cutar koda, wanda kuma aka sani da nephrolithiasis ko urolithiasis, shine lokacin da wani abu mai ƙarfi (dutsen koda) ya tasowa a cikin urinary fili . Duwatsun koda yawanci suna fitowa a cikin koda kuma suna barin jiki a cikin magudanar fitsari. [1] Ƙananan dutse na iya wucewa ba tare da haifar da alamun ba. [1] Idan dutse ya girma zuwa fiye da 5 millimetres (0.2 in), yana iya haifar da toshewar magudanar fitsari, yana haifar da ciwo mai tsanani a ƙasan baya ko cikin ciki . [1] [6] Hakanan dutse na iya haifar da jini a cikin fitsari, amai, ko fitsari mai raɗaɗi . [1] Kimanin rabin mutanen da suka sami ciwon koda za su sake samun wani a cikin shekaru goma. [7]
Yawancin duwatsu suna samuwa ne saboda haɗuwar kwayoyin halitta da abubuwan muhalli. Abubuwan haɗari sun haɗa da matakan calcium mai yawa na fitsari ; kiba ; wasu abinci; wasu magunguna; kari na calcium ; hyperparathyroidism ; gout da rashin shan isasshen ruwa. [1] [7] Duwatsu suna samuwa a cikin koda lokacin da ma'adanai a cikin fitsari ke da yawa. [1] Ainihin ganewar asali yawanci yana dogara ne akan alamomi, gwajin fitsari, da hoton likita . [1] Gwajin jini kuma na iya zama da amfani. [1] Duwatsu yawanci ana rarraba su ta wurinsu: nephrolithiasis (a cikin koda), ureterolithiasis (a cikin ureter ), cystolithiasis (a cikin mafitsara ), ko kuma ta abin da aka yi su ( calcium oxalate, uric acid, struvite, cystine ). . [1]
A cikin wadanda suka samu duwatsu, rigakafin shi ne ta hanyar shan ruwa wanda ake samu fiye da lita biyu na fitsari a rana. [3] Idan wannan bai yi tasiri sosai ba, ana iya gwagwalada ɗaukar thiazide diuretic, citrate, ko allopurinol . [3] Ana ba da shawarar cewa a guji abubuwan sha masu laushi masu ɗauke da phosphoric acid (yawanci colas ). [3] Lokacin da dutse ba ya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka, ba a buƙatar magani . In ba haka ba kula da ciwo yawanci shine ma'auni na farko, ta yin amfani da magunguna irin su magungunan anti-inflammatory marasa steroidal ko opioids . [6] [8] Ana iya taimakawa manyan duwatsu su wuce tare da maganin tamsulosin [9] ko kuma na iya buƙatar hanyoyin kamar extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, ko nephrolithotomy percutaneous . [1]
Tsakanin kashi 1% zuwa 15% na mutane a duniya suna fama da ciwon koda a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. [7] A cikin 2015, lokuta miliyan 22.1 sun faru, [4] wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 16,100. [5] Sun zama ruwan dare gama gari a yammacin duniya tun shekarun 1970s. [7] Gabaɗaya, maza sun fi mata yawa. Dutsen koda ya shafi mutane a cikin tarihi tare da bayanin tiyata don cire su tun daga farkon 600 BC.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 "Kidney Stones in Adults". February 2013. Archived from the original on 11 May 2015. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
- ↑ Knoll, Thomas; Pearle, Margaret S. (2012). Clinical Management of Urolithiasis (in Turanci). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 21. ISBN 9783642287329. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Qaseem A, Dallas P, Forciea MA, Starkey M, et al. (November 2014). "Dietary and pharmacologic management to prevent recurrent nephrolithiasis in adults: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians". Annals of Internal Medicine. 161 (9): 659–67. doi:10.7326/M13-2908. PMID 25364887. Cite uses deprecated parameter
|displayauthors=(help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Empty citation (help)
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Empty citation (help)
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