Daular Duguwa
 Daular Duguwa | |
|---|---|
| Daular |
Daular Duguwa, ko Dougouwa shekarar (700-1086), ita ce daular sarakunan ( mai ) na Daular Kanem kafin hawan daular Seyfawa ta Musulunci a shekarar 1086.[1]:21
A cewar Girgam, sarakunan Duguwa su ne sarakunan Kanem wadanda sunansu na sarauta ya samo asali ddaga Duku, sarki na uku na Duguwa. Kwatanta bayanan da masanan Larabawa suka yi ya nuna cewa Duguwa sune sarkan masu mulki da ake kira Zaghawa. Har zuwa kwanan nan masana tarihi sun yi imanin cewa sarakunan Duguwa da aka ambata a cikin Girgam sun yi sarauta a Kanem kafin sarakunan Musulmi na farko.[2]
Richmond Palmer ya ce, "Ga dukkan alamu duka labaran Saif ibn Dthi Yazan da dansa Ibrahim tatsuniya ce. Mai Kanem na farko shi ne 'Mai Dugu Bremmi,' wanda ya yi nasara saboda shi ne 'dugu' ( tegasi ) ko dan 'yar sarki ko 'yar'uwarsa..." "Sunan dugu yana nufin tsantsan cewa shi dan 'ya ne ko Mai, ko kuma babban sarki, watau mutumin da Abzinawa ke kira tegasi, ko magaji." "Tsarin Maghumi, kamar yadda yake a cikin Abzinawa, ya wuce ga dan 'yar'uwar sarki ,marigayin, wanda ake kira a cikin Abzinawa, tegasi ko magaji..." "A yadda Tsarin kakanin Saifawa yazo , kamar yadda ake kira Maghumi., kawai ya zama a zamanin Musulmi Saif, 'Zakin Yaman'."[3]
Wani masanin tarihi ya nuna cewa duka sarakunan Duguwa banda daya daga cikin, U kasance tsoffin sarakunan Gabas ne. Sunayensu da mukamansu sun shaida kafa Kanem da 'yan gudun hijira daga Daular Assuriya suka yi a c. 600 BCE.[4] Wannan hasashe, duk da haka, ba a yarda da shi ba.
Sarakunan Daular Duguwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]| Sunan sarki[3]:90 | Reign [5][1] :90 | Mulki [6] | Cikakkun bayanai | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Susam | c.692-725 | Wanda ya kafa Daular, mutum mai tsarki. | |
| 2 | Jashar | 725-783 | Wanda ya ci dauloli, ya kafa addinin Qafir | |
| 3 | Duganj | c. 784-835 | Gabatar da takarda bayan gida da kofi, Yahudawa na farko sun bayyana | |
| 4 | Mune | c. 835-893 | Musulmai na farko sun bayyana a cikin 855, suna da kyau tare da Musulunci da Yahudanci. | |
| 5 | Arso | c. 893-942 | An tsananta wa musulmi a daular, an kashe su a yaki da Katun. | |
| 6 | Katun | c. 942-961 | Mai martaba musulmi mai son maida kasar musulunci. An kifar da shi a cikin makircin arna na Yiyoma dan Shkija. | |
| 7 | Yayoladh (Yiyoma) | c. 961-1009 | Ya jagoranci juyin juya hali a kan Katun, ya fadada daular, ya koma al'adar arna, ya kashe musulmi. | |
| 8 | Dalabou | c. 1009-1034 | Maginin Kukes, rashin zaman lafiya, zaman lafiya da Musulmai, dansa Shahin-bey ya zama musulmi. | |
| 9 | Bozaxhi (mai cin riba) | c. 1035-1067 | Maguzawa na ƙarshe, ya kasa hana habakar Musulunci kuma an kashe shi a yaki da musulmi da ake kira Samir-agha. | |
| 10 | Shahin-bey | c. 1067-1081 | Mai martaba musulmi mai suna, amma daga baya ya dawo cikin maguzanci, kuma wani limamin musulmi Bektashi mai suna Samir Jalil ya kashe shi. | |
| 11 | Samir-agha | c. 1081-1097 | Da farko an kashe sarkin musulmi na Kanem a yaƙi da arna kafir da ake kira Meloje. |
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Urvoy, Y. (1949). Historie De L'Empire Du Bronu (Memoires De L'Institut Francais D'Afrique Noire, No. 7 ed.). Paris: Librairie Larose. p. 26.
- ↑ Smith: Early states, 167.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Palmer, Richmond (1936). The Bornu Sahara and Sudan. London: John Murray. pp. 9, 38, 118, 180.
- ↑ Lange: Founding of Kanem, 13–18.
- ↑ Urvoy, Empire, 26.
- ↑ Urvoy, Empire, 26.
Adabi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Dierk Lange: The founding of Kanem by Assyrian Refugees ca. 600 BCE: Documentary, Linguistic, and Archaeological Evidence, Boston, Working Papers in African Studies N° 265, 2011.
- Abdullahi Smith: The early states of the Central Sudan, in: J. Ajayi and M. Crowder (ed.), History of West Africa, vol. I, 1st ed., London, 1971, 158–183.
- Yves Urvoy: L'empire du Bornou, Paris 1949.