Filin Shakatawa na Korup

Filin Shakatawa na Korup
natural park in Cameroon (en)
Bayanai
Farawa	1986
IUCN protected areas category (en)	IUCN category II: National Park (en)
Ƙasa	Kameru
Heritage designation (en)	Tentative World Heritage Site (en)
World Heritage criteria (en)	World Heritage selection criterion (vii) (en) , World Heritage selection criterion (viii) (en) , World Heritage selection criterion (ix) (en) da World Heritage selection criterion (x) (en)
Significant place (en)	Mundemba (en)
Wuri
5°05′36″N 8°50′28″E

Filin shaƙatawa na Korup yana cikin lardin Kudu maso Yammacin Kamaru kuma ya faɗaɗa fiye da 1,260 km ² na galibi gandun daji na farko da ba a daidaita shi ba. Shi ne mashahuri ɗaya daga mafi tsufa a Afirka da kuma arziki na wurare masu zafi gandun daji cikin sharuddan na fure da faunal bambancin. Ita ce mafi kyawun filin shakatawa na ƙasar da ke cikin ƙasar Kamaru tare da kayan aiki na yau da kullun da kuma manyan hanyoyin da aka buɗe wa baƙi. Wurin shakatawa shahararren wurin kallon tsuntsaye ne kuma sananne ne ga kuma kallon birrai (gami da nau'ikan halittu irin su rawar soja, da jan launi na Preuss, guenon mai jan kunne da Najeriya chimpanzee ). Masu bincike daga fannoni daban-daban suna gudanar da nazarin ilmin halitta a cikin Korup sama da shekaru talatin, suna samar da bayanai masu yawa game da yanayin halittar dazuzzuka.

Wuri

Filin shakatawa na Korup yana cikin lardin kudu maso yamma na Kamaru tsakanin ahaus N da 8 ° 42 'zuwa 9 ° 16' E. Yana da 50 kilomita daga cikin Bight of Biafra, 20 kilomita daga gefen dausayin mangrove na mashigar Rio Del Rey kuma wani yanki yayi iyaka da Najeriya. Ya ƙaru a kan 1,260 km ² na galibin gandun dajin da ke kusa da kasa kuma yana dab da dajin Ejagham a arewa da kuma ɓangaren Oban Hills na Kwarin Ketare na Kasa na Najeriya zuwa yamma. Kusa amma ba masu haɗuwa da wurin shaƙatawa ba sune Rumpi Hills da Nta Ali Forest Reserve.

Tarihi

Asalin an ware yankin a matsayin ajiyar gandun daji a shekarar 1937. A cikin 1986, an bayyana Korup a matsayin wurin shaƙatawa na ƙasa ta Dokar Shugaban Kasa No.86-1283 bayan kamfen na shekaru goma wanda Dokta J Stephen Gartlan, Phil Agland da Gidauniyar Duniya suka jagoranta. Fim din Phil Agland wanda ya sami lambar yabo Korup: An Rainforest na Afirka, wanda aka watsa a gidan talabijin na Burtaniya a watan Nuwamba 1982 kuma daga baya a duk duniya, ya kawo ilimin halittu na Korup ga masu sauraro na duniya kuma ya jagoranci kamfen din wanda shine tabbatar da gudummawar Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta farko of 440,000 ta hanyar ODA zuwa kiyaye dazuzzuka a 1986. A cikin 1987, aikin na Korup, wanda aka ba da tallafi na duniya don aikin kiyayewa da haɓakawa, ya ba da tallafi ga sabon wurin shakatawa da aka kafa. Yankin aikin na Korup ya hada da yankin tallafi da kuma gandun daji na Ejagham, Nta Ali da Rumpi Hills. A cikin 2003, aikin Korup ya ƙare, ya bar Gudanar da Parkasa ta Kasa ba tare da taimakon kuɗi da kayan aiki ba. Wannan ya shafi ikon gudanarwar shakatawa don kare lafiyar namun daji daga farauta ba bisa ka'ida ba. Ya zuwa shekarar 2006 duk da haka, Filin shakatawa na Ƙasa na Korup yana daya daga cikin ɓangarori uku da aka fi mayar da hankali kan "Shirin Gudanar da Dorewar Gudanar da Albarkatun Ƙasa - Lardin Kudu Maso Yamma" (PSMNR-SWP), hadin gwiwar bangarorin biyu tsakanin Gwamnatin Kamaru da Jamus. Tare da sabunta hankali da tallafi da aka baiwa Korup National Park, masu sintirin hana farauta sun zama na yau da kullun. A matsayinta na abokiyar kawance a PSMNR-SWP, WWF-Kamaru na da rawar ba da shawara kan kiyayewa da ilmin kula da muhalli a yankin Korup, yayin da Hukumar Bunkasa Ci gaban Jamus (DED) ke lura da ayyukan ci gaban karkara.

Gudanarwa

A tsarin mulki, galibin gandun dajin na Korup suna karkashin ikon Yankin Ndian na Lardin Kudu maso Yamma, Kamaru. Ma'aikatar kula da gandun daji da namun daji ta Kamaru ce ke kula da dajin. Gudanar da wurin shakatawa a halin yanzu yana dauke da Conservator da kimanin masu tsaron wasa 27. Hedikwatar tana cikin garin Mundemba, wanda yake 8 kilomita gabas daga ƙofar kawai ta tashar shakatawa a gadar Mana. Filin gadin wasa yana nan a gada. Cibiyar yaɗa labaran yawon shakatawa tana tsakiyar garin Mundemba.

An kirkiro da wani tsarin gudanarwa na tsawon shekaru biyar ga Korup a 2002, yana mai bayyana cewa babban burin wurin shakatawa shine kiyaye halittu masu yawa da mutuncin duk wani tsari na zahiri da na muhalli na gandun dajin Korup. Wannan za a cimma shi ne ta hanyar tilasta bin doka, inganta ayyukan amfani da kasa mai dorewa da ci gaban karkara a tsakanin al'ummomin karkara, da kuma tallafawa karamin yawon shakatawa mai tasirin muhalli wanda zai haifar da fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi da zamantakewar jama'a ga mazauna yankin.

Yanayi

Korup yana da yanayi mai sassaucin ra'ayi tare da yanayi biyu maimakon huɗu: lokacin rani mai bayyana daga Disamba zuwa Fabrairu tare da yawan ruwan sama na wata ƙasa da 100 mm da kuma wani tsawan lokaci mai tsananin zafi kamar daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara tsakanin 1973 da 1994 ana aunawa kusa da yankin kudu maso gabashin wurin shakatawa ya kai kimanin 5,272 mm (zangon 4,027-6,368 mm). Ruwan sama mai tsananin gaske yawanci a watan Agusta (wasu shekaru sun wuce 10,000 mm). Zazzaɓi ya ɗan bambanta kaɗan a cikin shekara tare da ma'anar matsakaicin matsakaicin kowane wata a lokacin rani kasancewar 31.8 ° C kuma a lokacin damina 30.2 ° C. Sassan arewacin wurin shakatawa suna karɓar raƙuman ruwa ƙwarai da gaske (~ 2500-3000 mm).

Tsarin ƙasa

Waterfall a Korup National Park

Asa Korup gabaɗaya ba su da hatsi, yashi, sanannu kuma sun sami ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki. Yanayin yanayinsu na acid da karancin kwayoyin halitta ya sanya basu dace da wuraren noman rani da gonakin noman kuɗi ba, suna bayanin karancin damuwar noma a wurin shakatawar, wanda ya kasance mafi yawanci gandun daji na farko. Hawan gandun dajin ya yi ƙasa (m 50) a ɓangaren kudanci, yana hawa a hankali zuwa arewa tare da ƙara ƙasa mai tsaunuka, har ya kai matsayinsa mafi girma a dutsen. Yuhan (1,079 m) kusa da tsohuwar wurin da ƙauyen Ikondokondo ya kaura yanzu. A arewa, ana nuna yanayin ƙasa da tsaunuka masu juyawa tare da gangare masu laushi. Yawancin (82%) na wurin shakatawa suna cikin tsawa daga 120 zuwa 850 m.

Tsananin hanyoyin rafuka sun kwashe yankin Korup zuwa manyan tsarukan ruwa guda uku: a) Kogin Korup da Akpassang, b) Kogin Ndian, da c) Kogin Bake-Munaya. Yawancin ƙananan ƙananan rafuka a cikin KNP suna bushe lokaci-lokaci a lokacin ganiyar lokacin rani.

Kasancewar mutum

A yanzu haka akwai ƙauyuka biyar da ke cikin KNP tare da yawan jama'a a cikin 1999 na kusan mutane 900 (Erat: 447, Esukutan: 202, Ikenge: 179, Bareka-Batanga: 52, da Bera: 26). A shekarar 2000, an sake tsugunar da ƙauyen Ikup na Ikondokondo (Ekundukundu?) A wajen wurin shakatawa a wani ɓangare na shirin dakatarwa a halin yanzu na sake tsugunar da dukkan ƙauyukan. Akwai ƙarin ƙauyuka 23 cikin 3 km daga iyakar KNP, yankin da galibi ake kira da ƙungiyar Yankin KNP (PZ). Haɗin ƙauyukan KNP da ƙauyukan PZ sun kai kusan 2,700 tare da yawan jama'a kusan mutane 2 / km ² . Babban ayyukan rayuwa a yankunan karkara shine abinci da noman tsabar kuɗi (dabinon mai, koko), kamun kifi, farauta kuma, zuwa wani lokaci, kasuwanci.

Bambancin halittu

Red prebuss mai launi (Procolobus preussi) a cikin Korup National Park, 2009

Dazuzzuka na Korup sun kasance tsoffin da wadatattun kayan tarihi, bayan sun tsira daga lokacin bushewar yankin Pleistocene a matsayin ɓangare na Kuros Riba-Mayombe Refugium. Letouzey ya tsara kayan lambu a matsayin gandun dajin Biafran na bakin teku wanda ya mamaye bishiyoyin Caesalpinioideae, dangin Leguminosae . Babu wata hujja ta wata fitina ta tarihin ɗan adam kuma aƙalla ɓangaren kudancin wurin shakatawar na iya zama dajin farko. A fure, Korup yana da wadataccen arziki tare da bishiyoyi sama da 1,100, bishiyar shrub, herb da liana wanda aka bayyana zuwa yau da kuma matakan endemism (30%). Manyan bishiyoyi masu tasowa, wadanda suka kai tsayinsu zuwa 50 m, suna huda mafi yawan ci gaba amma rashin daidaiton labulen da galibi Annonaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae, Olacaceae, Scytopetalaceae da Verbenaceae bishiyoyi kusan 15 zuwa 25 m. Launin da ke ƙasa yana da kyau sosai tare da lianas da ƙananan bishiyoyi (waɗanda Rubiaceae ke mamaye da su), yayin da keɓaɓɓen layin (musamman Acanthaceae, Araceae, Commelinaceae, Graminae, Marantaceae, Rubiaceae, da Zingiberaceae) galibi ba su da yawa. Tsarin tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire a cikin Korup suna da yanayi mai ƙarfi tare da furanni galibi waɗanda ke faruwa tsakanin Janairu zuwa Yuli (tsaka-tsakin Maris zuwa Mayu), sannan lokutan 'ya'yan itace masu girma. Matsayin furanni da 'ya'yan itace ya banbanta sosai tsakanin shekaru don yawancin jinsuna. 'Ya'yan' ya'yan itace suna faruwa a tsakanin lokaci fiye da shekara guda.

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  Gymnosiphon bekensis

Fauna

Daular Korup ta kasance ɗayan dazuzzuka na Afirka da suka fi dacewa ta fuskar wadatar arziƙi da bambancin rayuwa, musamman ma ga tsuntsaye, da dabbobi masu rarrafe, da amphibians da butterflies . A jinsin jerin dabbobi masu shayarwa kunshi 161 nau'in a 33 iyalansu, wadda Primate al'umma lissafinsu 14 jinsunan (8 diurnal da kuma 6 nocturnal ).

Kayan yawon buɗe ido

Filin shaƙatawa na Korup yana daya daga cikin yankuna masu kariya da ke dazuzzuka a Kamaru. Tafiya na rana ko tafiye-tafiye na rana da yawa za a iya shirya daga garin Mundemba, ta hanyar ziyartar ofishin ba da sanarwar yawon buɗe ido da ke tsakiyar garin. Ana ba da izinin shiga cikin wurin shakatawa ne kawai tare da jagorar gida. Akwai tsayayyun yini, na dare, zango da kuma jagorar / dako. Akwai shafuka uku na sansanin da aka bude wa masu yawon buɗe ido, inda baƙi za su iya shirya zama ko dai a tanti (kawo naka) ko a ɗaya daga cikin masaukin (tare da gadaje na katako na asali - windows na da sauƙin dubawa). Kowane rukunin sansanin yana kusa da rafi wanda yake matsayin tushen ruwan dafa abinci (tafasa ko matatar sha) da kuma wanka mai wartsakewa. Akwai gidan wanka na rami na asali.

Faduwar Ruwa a KORUP National park

Matsayin Ƙungiyar Jama'a (ƙungiya mai zaman kanta)

Ƙungiyar kula da yanayin ruwan sama ta Al'ummar Korup (KRCS) tana ba da shawarwarin kiyayewa da kuma ba da gudummawar ƙungiyoyin kula da gandun daji a yankin. Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi yawancin mutane masu son kiyaye-kiyaye gida da kuma wasu membobin girmamawa (daga sassa daban-daban na duniya) waɗanda ke da ƙwarin gwiwa don ba da gudummawar ƙwarewar su don tabbatar da amincin gandun dajin damina ta hanyar binciken matsaloli masu buƙata da kuma kara shigar da mazauna yankin cikin ayyukan kiyayewa a wani yunƙurin na rage rikice-rikice da inganta rayuwar mazauna yankin. Tunda 2009 KRCS ta kasance mai taimakawa sosai wajen taimaka wa masu bincike masu zuwa tare da jagoranci, neman izinin aikace-aikace, nemo ƙwararrun mataimaka na cikin gida gami da fadada ci gaban ƙauye da shirin amfani da ƙasa, da tabbatar da ɗaukar yawancin mazauna yankin a fannoni daban-daban a ayyukan shaƙatawa da wasa Rawar taka rawa a cikin ilimin muhalli da kuma ba da shawarwari kan kiyayewa da kuma musamman game da juyar da gandun daji masu arzikin makwabta zuwa gonar dabino tare da kungiyar kasa da kasa kamar Pro-wildlife da WWF-CPO . Kwanan nan ayyukan KRCS sun sami ci gaba ta hanyar kyaututtukan Jagora na Kariya na 2012 (CLP); haɗin gwiwa tsakanin CI, FFI, WSC da BirdLife International.

Tashin hankali

Fim din Greystoke - Labarin Tarzan, Ubangijin Birrai da Christopher Lambert da Andie MacDowell suka fito a cikin gidan shakatawa a shekarar 1984 kafin a kafa ta.

Charles, Yariman Wales ya ƙaddamar da wurin shaƙatawa a 1986, kuma akwai wata alama da ba ta da nisa daga ƙofar kan gadar Mana wanda ke nuna ma'anar inda ya kai yayin gajeriyar ziyarar tasa.

Manaji, wanda ke aiki a matsayin mashigar Korup National Park, wasu gungun masu ba da agaji ne suka gina shi a cikin wani aikin Operation Raleigh a cikin 1989. Ofungiyar masu ba da agaji sama da 100 sun kwashe watanni 3 a Kamaru suna gina gada gami da gudanar da bincike kan namun daji a cikin gandun daji da kuma abubuwan da kwale-kwale ke yi a tsaunukan Rumpi.