Gassire's Lute

Gassire's Lute

Gassire's Lute almara ce ta mutanen Soninke na yammacin Afirka. Leo Frobenius ne ya tattara shi kuma aka buga ta a cikin shekarar 1921. Douglas Fox ne ya yi fassarar larabci na Turanci, wanda aka wallafa a cikin Farawa na Afirka (wanda aka fara bugawa a shekarar 1937).

Wannan labarin almara na waƙa yana ba da labarin wani basarake wanda ya bar burinsa na zama sarki, kuma a maimakon haka ya zama diari, Soninke daidai da griot.

Takaitawa

Gassire Basaraken Wagadu ne kuma wanda zai gaji mahaifinsa a nan gaba, amma mahaifinsa duk da ya tsufa ba zai mutu ba, ya ba dansa hanya. Gassire yana son ya zama sarki sosai, kuma ya zama babban jarumi don nuna ƙarfinsa. Gassire ya tuntubi wani dattijo mai hikima wanda ya gaya masa cewa Gassire zai yi watsi da neman sarautar da yake yi don ya buga garari. Ya kuma gaya masa cewa ba zai zama sarki ba kuma wasu mutane za su zama sarki bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa, kuma daular za ta rushe. Yana jin sautin kukan, kuma ya yi masa daya saboda yana son sautin sosai. Lokacin da yake ƙoƙari ya buga ƙwanƙwasa, ba ya fitar da wani sauti. Yana jin cewa za a iya buga shi ne kawai idan ya shiga yaƙi. Sai ya ji cewa dole ne ‘ya’yansa su je yaki domin su yi wasa; A yaƙi, 'ya'yansa bakwai suka mutu, amma ba za su yi wasa ba. Mutanen sun yi gudun hijira saboda tashin hankali da rashin kula da iyalinsa. Ya tafi jeji tare da ɗansa ɗaya da ya rage, da matansa, da wasu aminan amintattu. A ƙarshe zai iya yin waƙa sa’ad da yake rera waƙa na daular kuma labarin ya ba da darussa ga dukan mutanen da suka saurara.

Yayin da labarin ya birge masu karatu tun da ya fara fitowa, ya kamata a bi da shi da taka tsantsan. Frobenius ya danganta ta ga mutanen Soninke na yammacin Afirka, mutanen da ke da alaƙa da Daular Wagadu ko Ghana, kuma sunan Gassire a gaskiya kalmar Soninke ce ga bard/mawaƙa (wanda aka sani da griots a wasu wurare a yammacin Afirka). Yayin da yawancin labarun Frobenius da aka tattara za a iya tabbatar da su ta hanyar bincike na zamani a cikin al'adar baka, wannan labarin ya tsaya shi kadai kuma har yanzu ba a ba da rahoton misali ba.

Rubutun hannu da wallafawa

Leo Frobenius ne ya tattara waƙar a cikin shekarar 1909, wanda ya buga fassarar waƙar a cikin tarinsa Speilmanns-Geschichten der Sahel (juzu'i na 6, 1921). Frobenius ya ɗauki waƙar a matsayin gutsure daga al'adar almara mai tsayi, ra'ayi kuma Alta Jablow, wani masani wanda ya gabatar da takarda a kan waƙar a 1978, wanda daga baya aka buga a cikin mujallar Research in African Literatures. Jablow ya buga fassarar Ingilishi na ainihin Frobenius a cikin shekarar 1971, wanda Leo da Diane Dillon suka kwatanta, kuma tare da ƙamus mai shafi shida. Waveland Press ne ya sake wallafa wannan bugu a cikin shekarar 1991, tare da hada da rubutun 1978.