Harshen Midob
| Harshen Midob | |
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Default
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| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
Midob (wanda kuma ake kira Meidob) yare ne na Nubian da Mutanen Midob na yankin Arewacin Darfur na Sudan ke magana. A matsayin yaren Nubian, yana daga cikin dangin yaren Nilo-Sahara.
Baya ga ƙasarsu ta Malha, Arewacin Darfur, masu magana da Midob suma suna zaune a yankin Khartoum (da farko a Omdurman da yankin Gezira) da Jezirat Aba . Mutanen Midob suna kiran yarensu Tiddí-N-AAL, a zahiri "baki na Midob", kuma kansu TIDD (ɗaya), TIDD. Akwai kimanin masu magana da Midob 50,000 a cikin manyan yaruka biyu, Urrti da Kaageddi. Rilly (2010:162) ya lissafa yarukan Urrti, Shalkota, da Torti. Uurti ne kawai aka bayyana dalla-dalla.
Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan game da Midob ya faru ne ta hanyar Thelwall (1983) da Werner (1993). Dukkanin binciken sun shafi yaren Urrti.
Fasahar sauti[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tebur masu zuwa suna nuna sautunan sauti da wasula ba tare da bambancin sauti ba kuma ba tare da rance na Larabci na baya-bayan nan ba.
Sautin sautin[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
| i, ii | u, u | |
| kuma, ee | ə, əə | o, oo |
| a, aa |
Lura: Duk sautunan suna faruwa da tsawo da gajeren lokaci. Tsakanin wasula ə tsakiya ya bayyana ne kawai a cikin Midob, ba a wasu yarukan Nubian ba.
Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
| Biyuwa | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Gishiri | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dakatar da | voiceless | p | t | c | k | ||
| voiced | b | d | ɟ | g | |||
| Fricative | f | s | ʃ | h | |||
| Hanci | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Kusanci | w | l | j | ||||
| Trill | r | ||||||
Sauti[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Midob yare ne mai sautin tare da rajista biyu: High da Low . Sauti yana da ma'ana da kuma ilimin harshe.
| Aadi | mu (na musamman) |
| Aadi | sandar |
| Aadi | haske |
| ná | kai (sgl obj) |
| Na | shi, ita |
Harshen harshe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Midob yare ne mai haɗuwa, kamar sauran yarukan Nubian. Tsarin kalma na asali shine SOV.
Kalma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kalmomin sun hada da:
- Magana (+ tsawo) + lokaci / fasalin.
Ba a canza maɓallin ba. Ƙarin gyare-gyare ko ƙara ma'ana ga aikatau kamar ƙin yarda, niyya, tabbatarwa, aikin da aka kammala, yawa batun-abu ko aiki, mai ɗorewa, al'ada kuma wani lokacin ana iya haɗa su (musamman ƙin yarda).
Matsayi da fasalin[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Midob yana da nau'o'i biyu na asali (Kyakkyawan da Ci gaba) tare da Ƙaddamarwa. Akwai saiti na suffixes don nunawa, subjunctive da nau'ikan tambayoyi guda biyu (don neman gaskiya, watau "Lokacin / Me ya sa..." da kuma tabbatar da gaskiyar, watau" Shin ku...").
Saiti na ƙarshen mutum:
| Bayyanawa | Subjunctive | Tambaya 1 | Tambaya ta 2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cikakken | x | x | x | x |
| Ci gaba | x | x | x | x |
| Da gangan | x | - | - | - |
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Werner, Roland (1993) 'Tìdn-áal: Nazarin Midob (Darfur-Nubian) ' Berlin: Dietrich Reimer.
- Thelwall, Robin (1983) 'Meidob Nubian: Phonology, Grammatical Notes and Basic Vocabulary' a cikin Bender, M. L. (Ed), Nilo-Saharan Language Studies, V.13, East Lansing
Haɗin waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Midob daga shafin yanar gizo na mil langues
- Midob Abubuwa daga Binciken Roland Werner