Hella Katz

  Hella Katz (20 Satumba 1899 - 20 Janairu 1981) ita ce ƙwararriya sunan Bayahudiya mai daukar hoto Helene Katz . Lokacin da ta isa Vienna a farkon yakin duniya na daya, Katz ta zama mai daukar hoto mai tasiri a cikin birni a lokacin tsaka-tsakin . Tana da hotuna a cikin tarin kayan tarihi na Vienna .

Rayuwar farko

An haifi Helene Katz a ranar 20 ga Satumba 1899 a Lemberg, a cikin Masarautar Galicia da Lodomeria, wanda a lokacin an gudanar da ita a karka shin sharu ɗɗan bangare na uku na Poland ta Austria-Hungary . A she kara ta 1914 a loka cin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, ta gudu daga ci gaban Rasha tare da dangin ta Yahudawa masu yahudawa daga gabashin Galicia, a yan kin da ake kira Ukraine, zuwa Vienna . A 1915, ta shiga cikin Higher Federal Graphical Institute of Education and Research, daga nan ta sauke karatu a 1920.

Sana'a

Katz ta yi aikin daukar hoto na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ta nemi lasisin kasuwan ci a watan Agustan 1922. A cikin shekaru uku, ta buɗe nata studio a #18 Stubenring Boulevard. Lokaci ne da ta dace mata su shiga harkar kasuwanci, kasan cewar ma’aikata ba su da yawa, kuma sana’o’i da dama ba su da ma’aikata. Matan da suke son shiga ma'aika ta sun sami buɗaɗ ɗe a cikin zane-zane da suka haɗa da raye-raye, fim, daukar hoto, da gidajen rediyo, da kuma a cikin gidan wasan kwai kwayo. Katz ta gina sunan ta a matsa yin mai daukar hoto mai hoto, tana ɗau kar hotuna na al'umma da masu fasaha da masu wasan kwaikwayo.

Repertoire nata ya faɗa ɗa ya haɗa da hotuna tsirara da raye-raye na zamani kuma a cikin 1930s, Katz tana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun masu daukar hoto a Vienna. Ta halarci nune-nunen zane-zane da yawa kuma ta jawo hankalin ɗalibai. Cikin wadan da suka yi karatu da ita har da Elly Niebuhr, Hans Popper (wanda aka fi sani da John H. Popper ), da Anton Josef Trčka . Lokacin da Nazis suka hau mulki a farkon 1938, da farko an yarda Katz ta ci gaba da koyarwa. Har zuwa Kristallnacht, ta ci gaba da koyarwa kuma an ba ta damar samar da hotuna don Yahudawa masu hijira. Domin ta sami amince wa ta shiga kasuwan ci, ba a sanya ta cikin sa ido ba kuma ta sami damar warware kasuwan cin ta tare da barin wurin a ƙarƙa shin sharuɗɗan hayar ta zuwa 30 Afrilu 1939.

Bayan da ta ba ta sanar war, Katz ta dakatar da rajistarta a matsayin Bayahudiya Ba Austria a ranar 20 ga Maris 1939 kuma ta yi shiri tare da taimakon William L. Shirer don barin ƙasar. A watan Afrilu, ta yi rajista a Landan tare da Kwamitin Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira na Yahudawa. A watan Mayu, ta nemi kwamitin ya taimaka wajen gano wani kamfanin jigilar kayayyaki don shirya jigilar kayanta zuwa Amurka, amma ba ta bar Ingila daga ƙarshe ba, bayan da ta sami masauki a Oxshott, Surrey . Komawa a Vienna, a ƙarƙashin Dokokin Aryanization, Franz Jungwirth, wani ma'aikacin Nazi, an sanya shi don warware kasuwancin Katz. Rahoton nasa, wanda aka yi a watan Yuli na 1939, ya nuna cewa dukiyar da ta rage a ɗakinta ita ce ƴan kyamarori da na'urorin haɗi, da ƙananan kayan da ba su da wani amfani. An yi asarar tarihinta na hotuna da marasa kyau ko kuma an sace su .

Bayan yakin, a farkon 1948, Katz ya auri Ronald Lowis, na Shildon . Shi mai shan taba ne kuma yana shiga cikin cocin Methodist na gida. Ta shiga aikin coci kuma wani lokaci kawai ta ɗauki hotuna.

Mutuwa da gado

Lowis ya mutu a ranar 20 ga Janairu 1981 a Darlington, County Durham . Daga 22 Oktoba 2012 zuwa 3 Maris 2013, Gidan Yahudawa na Yahudawa Vienna ya shirya wani nunin, 'yan matan harbi na Vienna: Matan Yahudawa masu daukar hoto daga Vienna, wanda ya nuna aikin masu daukar hoto na Yahudawa arba'in, ciki har da Katz. A cikin lokacin tsaka-tsakin, kashi biyu bisa uku na duk wuraren daukar hoto a Vienna, matan Yahudawa ne ke gudanar da su kuma tarin sun nuna girmamawa ga tasirinsu a cikin birnin. Wasu daga cikin ayyukan Katz an adana su a cikin gidan kayan tarihi na Vienna a cikin wani tarin musamman da aka keɓe ga masu daukar hoto waɗanda suka ɗauki hotunan masu rawa na avant-garde na zamanin tsaka-tsaki.